Radioactivity, kona ano a me nā kamepiula i ke kanaka

Radioactive pāhawewe ua maheleia i loko o nāʻano. I ka papa kuhikuhiE similarity o ia ka mea, i nā mea a pau kiʻekiʻe-ikehu, e hōʻike i ka liluwelo hopena o ionization waiwai, i ukali ia e Nine Inch reactions i loko o ka hale a o ola aeee, kūpono ai i loko o kā lākou make. Ko makou makaukau mai e ike ionizing pāhawewe: eʻaʻoleʻike mākou ia, e lohe mai, a mai i haha aku i ka waiwai ma luna o mākou kino.

Radioactive pāhawewe hoʻohui pū i hoopiiia, a uncharged (particles) a me photons. I ka nui o ka poepoe honua halawai me ia ma luna o ka kela la i keia manawa. Ka mua o ke kāʻei kua pāhawewe, a ua i mai o ekolu eiiiiiaiou.

- cosmic pāhawewe e hele mai ana i ka Honua, mai ka lewa;

- pāhawewe mai maoli radionuclides hale pono hana, makani a me ka wai;

- ionizing pāhawewe mai maoli 'ona e hele mai i loko o ko kakou kino me ka ai a me ka wai, paa'aʻaʻa, a loaa i loko o ke kino no ke ola.

Man, hoʻi, waiho kokoke ana iʻimi hoʻopunipuni pāhawewe, i ka hoʻomano ia i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni. Ma ka 'inikua kahua, no kekahi laʻana, ionizing pāhawewe ua hoʻohana loa kaiāulu.

Radioactivity a me kona? Ueony

I mea e pono hoʻopale ai i ka ionizing pāhawewe, e e maopopo nö iä ia no kona mau ano a me ka waiwai. Ke pāhawewe hiki ke maheleia i mau papa kuhikuhiE hui: electromagnetic a me ka corpuscular.

X-Ray a me g.-Pāhawewe wahi i ka laulā huahelu o electromagnetic a nalu, ka mea i hoonohonoho no ka Radio nalu, ka malamalama, a me ka ultraviolet kukuna. Ka mea, oko wale i loko o ke kōā. Ke shortest ke kōā nalu, a me, ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa alapine (frequency) o electromagnetic a hawewe i loko o ka pae o ka electromagnetic a nalu no g- a me ka X-Ray pāhawewe. Me he pōkole ke kōā, kiekie ikehu pāhawewe, e like me ka anal hiki.

Sun - i ke kumu o ka X-kukuna i hapa 'ia' ke kemu ma ka Honua ka lewa. Ka mea, i kekahi ua loaʻaʻia kekahi mau manao maalea (boosters) no kaʻike, o nā mea maʻi.

Gamma kukuna i hua mai ma ka nukelea reactions a me ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o radioactive waiwai. Ua hoopuni ae ma ke kanaka kino.

ua kapaia Hoʻokolohua pāhawewe ke kahe ana o electrons a me positrons, kona kula haʻahaʻaa (particles) e io (electrons) ole maikaʻi (positron) kauoha. Ka mea, e alaʻe mai ka radioactive hoʻopöʻino 'ia o nuclei i loko o nā'ātoma a kinoea mea. E hiki anei i komo iloko ma ka wai, ahu iho me ka mānoanoa o ka 1-2 knm. Irradiation Hoʻokolohua (particles) i hooleiiaʻi mawaho wahi i hana pāhawewe'ā, a me ka wā kino i ka ai, ka wai a me ka ea waiū ia lŘlŘ i loko o ke kino, a hele aku ai a hiki i ka nui pāhawewe ka pōʻino.

Alpha pāhawewe ua kapaia ke kahe o ka ikaika i hoopiiia kaumaha (particles) e, ua kaumaha ia ma mua o Hoʻokolohua (particles) 7300 manawa. Mau (particles) e kinoea i loko o ka hoʻopöʻino 'manawa o kekahi mau oihana mua, akā, ma kiʻekiʻe ionizing hiki e komo iloko kanaka'aʻaʻa i ka meaʻuʻuku ka hohonu, me ka hoohuoi ana wale no ka ili ili honua. Plain pepa hoʻopale ai i ko lākou mau waiwai.

Neutrons - ua e hali ana i kaʻoihana o ka huna, nae, i ka wa a ka pilikia e nui, me ka ikaika penetrating mana. Mai neutron pāhawewe hoʻopale ai i nā mea i loaʻa ka hydrogen (paraffin, polyethylene).

Liluwelo 'ole o ka pāhawewe

A pau ana e hoomalu aku i ka hopena ionization, ma muli o ka ike ana o na waiwai o ka kekahi ʻano o ka pāhawewe, kā lākou penetrating mana.

Ka pāhawewe kanawai ma ke kino e like me penei.

• Ionizing pāhawewe mea insidious ma iaʻaoʻao ua i ikeia. Dosimeters - mea heʻano o nā kino, a i manaoia no ka pokole o ka pāhawewe.
• Pelapela lesions o kaʻili, malaise, typical o ka pāhawewe ka maʻi, mai e ike koke ia, akā, ma hope o kekahi manawa wale; mahele lāʻau summed hunaia.