Schleiden a Schwann - mua na kalaipohaku aeea kumumanaʻo

Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov no Science e like me ka hana paena, ma ka ike i kukulu ālai 'i ke kahua nenoaiu. A me ka halepaahao kumumanaʻo a me kona Mamua - Schleiden a me Schwann - kaʻana 'ia e na mea he nui naturalists a me nā kānakaʻepekema, a me kā lākou mau ukali. Kekahi o na kanaka haku o ka pähola 'ana o ka ke kelepona hele' ole o ka meaola Virchow hookahi aku la, "e ku ana ma luna o nā poʻohiwi o Schwann Schleiden." Ka mea, ua ka ami hana o nā kānakaʻepekema elua, a e e kūkākūkā i ka pauku. About aeea pähola 'o Schleiden a me Schwann.

Manuela Jakob Schleiden

I ka makahiki o ka iwakalua-eono makahiki opiopio loio Manuela Schleiden (1804-1881) hoʻoholo i ka hoʻololi 'ana i kona ola, ma mua,ʻaʻole iʻoluʻolu nā mea a pau me ka ohana. E hoolei ana i kānāwai hana,ʻo ia laila 'o ia i ka Lapaʻau o'āuna kumu o ke Kulanui o Heidelberg. A i loko o 35 makahiki, ua lilo i Kumu ma ke Keʻena o Botany a me Physiology University o Jena mea kanu. Kona hana Schleiden ike i unraveling i keʻano papa hana o nā'ōlelo o ke keena. Ma kana mau hana, ua pono hōʻike 'i ka primacy o ka Kora naʻEsau i loko o ka? Aneii kaʻina hana, akā, iʻike i ka mea like i loko o ka' ole o ka mea kanu a me nā holoholona keena.

Ma ka 'atikala "Ma ka ninau ana o na mea kanu" (1844,) ka mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa, he pono ole i loko o ka' ole o ka mea kanu keena, nānā 'ole o ko lākou mau wahi. E nānā i kona 'atikala kākau German physiologist Iogann Myuller, hope a ma ia manawa ua Theodor Schwann.

ole kahuna

Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) aʻo ma ka'āuna kumu o akeakamai o ka Kulanui o Bonn, no ka mea au i manao ai i ka ke kuhikuhi hea ka mea me kona moe - e lilo i kahuna. Naʻe, ka uku hoopanee i maoli mōʻaukala ua, no ka ikaika e Theodore University puka 'o ia i loko o ka'Āuna Kumu o Medicine. Hana me ka Hope haawiia I. Müller, no ka elima makahiki, oia i na mea he nui discoveries i makemake e lawa no kekahi mau kānakaʻepekema. Kēia ka loaʻaʻana o ka pepsin ma gastric wai a me membranes o nā aʻalolo olona. Ua i aku la ia i ho'āʻo ai i ka pololei komo ana o ka hū ma ka fermentation kaʻina.

mau hoa

laila, ke scientific kaiāulu ua Germany mea,ʻaʻole i lanakila maluna o. Ke'ī mai, i ka halawai ana o Kelemāniaʻepekema Schleiden a me Schwann i hōʻailonaʻia. Ua i loko o ka cafe i loko o kekahi o ka aina awakea, mai hemo mai, i ka 1838. Wā e hiki mai nā hoapili e kūkā ai kā lākou hana. Manuela Schleiden Theodor Schwann kaʻana i kona huli i iaia o na nuclei o aeee. Hana hou 'o ka ho okolohua Schleiden, Schwann këia holoholona keena. Ka mea, e haawi i ka hailona, a lilo i hoa. A me ka makahiki hope he mea ami hana "Microscopic ninaninau ana aʻo Kīwala'ō i loko o ka 'ole a me ka hooulu ana o ka haʻahaʻa huahelu o ka holoholona a me ka molekumu o nō," i hana Schleiden a me Schwann Mamua o ke ao ana mai o ka halepaahao, kona' ole a me ka functioning.

Ka pähola 'ana o ka ke kelepona hele' ole

I ka papa kuhikuhiE postulate, a noonoo i ka hana o Schwann a me Schleiden, - keia ka mea ola i loko o nā keena o nā meaola e ola ana. I ka hana ana o kekahi German - pathologist Rudolfa Virhova - i ka makahiki 1858 ma hope lawe mōakaaka i ke keena nui keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ua i ka mea nana i hou i ka hana o Schleiden a me Schwann hou postulate. "O na mea aeea o ka halepaahao", - alaila, kau oia i hoopau ai i ka noho'na makaainana i ulu hanauna o ke ola nīnūnē. Rudolfa Virhova nui noonoo i ke kākoʻo '-mea kākau, a me kekahi mau kumu e hoʻohana i ka māmala'ōlelo "aeea pähola' o Schwann, Schleiden, a me Virchow."

ʻO kēia ana o ka hīnaʻi manu

Ua hala aku hoʻokahi haneri a me kanawalu makahiki mahope mai o ia manawa, ua hou i ka mana a me kaʻimi naʻauao ike i ola kanaka, akā, i ke kumu, koe aeea pähola 'o Schleiden a me Schwann, me ka walaʻauʻana tenets o i mea:

• Pakiko-ano hou ana, pakiko-replicating a me ka hoʻoponopono '-na na aeea - o ka hookumu ana, a me ka walaʻauʻana pa alima o ke ola.
• No nā meaola e noho ana ma luna o ka Honua wehewehe aku ma kā lākou mau'ālike 'ole.
• A aeea mea he lākou o nā polymers i ua recreated mai'okanikaʻole eiiiiiaiou.
• Lākou nā'ōlelo ua hooko ma ka mahele ana i ka makuahine, aeea.
• Multicellular meaola kŰia hana kūikawā keena ma ka'aʻaʻa, hui, a me ka nenoaiu.
• All hana kūikawā aeee i hana i loko o ka differentiation o totipotent.

bifurcation wahi

Kumumanaʻo Kelemāniaʻepekema Manuela Schleiden a me Teodora Shvanna ua ka haliu ae la ia wahi i loko o ka ulu ana o ka 'epekema. A pau na lala o ka ike - histology, cytology, hakakino kālaimeaola,'anatomia pathology, physiology, biochemistry, embryology, evolutionary kumumanaʻo, a me na mea e ae - Ua loaa i ka impetus ikaika i ka ulu ana. Ke kumumanaʻo, a haawi i ka hou hoomaopopo ana o na hana kūleʻa loko ola nenoai, ua wehe i hou lipolipo no ka noiʻi, ka mea laila, hana ia. Russian Ivan Chistyakov (1874), a me ka Polish-German biologist E. Strasburger (1875) hōʻike aku i keʻano papa hana o ka mitotic (asexual) aeea mahele. Ukali ma ka loaʻa o chromosomes ma ka nucleus a me kona kūlana i loko o nā kūpuna mai, a oko o ka meaola, omńkalakala kaʻina o ka replication a me ka unuhi o ka DNA a me kona kūlana ma ke kumuʻiʻo biosynthesis, ikehu a me ka ea pūnao i loko o nā ribosomes, gametogenesis a me ke kahua o ka zygote.

A pau kēia mau discoveries pōhaku lepo i ke kūkulu 'ana i ka' epekema o ka halepaahao, e like me ka mall pa alima a me ke kumu o nā mea a pau ke ola ma ka Honua Honua. Hana ike, i waiho i ke kumu o ka a ma luna o nā discoveries o hoa a me nā hoa hana, mea, ua Kelemāniaʻepekema Schleiden a me Schwann. I kēia lā, kahikoia me na biologists huina'ine microscopy ia ma luna o na umi a me nā haneri o ka manawa a me ka huikau hana, ki ina hana like o ka pāhawewe a me isotopic ka lepili o irradiation, aaiaoe hōʻulu enehana a me kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni embryology, akā, i ka halepaahao nō koe i ka loa pohihihi 'ole o ke ola. All hou discoveries e pili ana i kona 'ole a me ka functioning lawe mai i ka' epekema ao nei a hiki i ka luna o ka hale, akā,ʻaʻohe i kekahi ke kilokilo paha kona no? Ieoaeunoaa e e pau a me ka wā. I ka manawa, ua i pau i ka hale, a me mākou a pau nana nae lakou imua i ka hou discoveries.