Sharaf Rashidov: Kawaihae, kiʻi a me ka ohana

Sharaf Rashidov aneane he hapaha kenekulia, alakaʻiʻia e ka Communist Party o Uzbekistan. Ma waena o loaa ia ia ma ka mana, keia Central hawaiian repubalika i ua hoano e ka flowering o kona hoʻokele waiwai a me ka moʻomeheu ulu hikiwawe loa. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa i hana mai i nā mea a pau-hoʻopuniʻana i ka make o ka hoʻomalu-kauoha'ōnaehana me ka hananaʻono Uzbek, alakaʻiʻia e ka mea i kapaʻia ma hope o Rashid.

Me Kinohi a me ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi

Where i lilo ai kona ola i ka hele Sharaf Rashidov? Kona Kawaihae hoomaka ma 1917 ma ke kulanakauhale o Jizzakh. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO, ka mea, ua lohe ia mea i hānau i loko o ka kua'āina ohana. Akā, i waena o ka poʻe i noho ma Malia paha o ke kulanakauhale o Jizzakh, i loko o ia mau lā, hou e like me ka kauhale, ku mai Rashidovsʻohana no kona propensity i ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana: a pau elima o kana mau keiki, a me Sharaf, aʻo i loko o ka kūloko ehiku-makahiki au. Akā, ka mea, ua i ka waena o na 20s, i ka'āina i hele Basmachi nā koa, i ka mana o Hoʻomana Mohameka, he kūloko mullah ua unquestioned. Akā, apparently,ʻaʻole i loko o lākou i poʻe lapuwale, ka Bolsheviks i kā lākou kipi, ina hiki i loko o ka wao nahele anuanu kanaka e holo ana i ka ike.

Wā'ōpiopio, a me nā makahiki o ka mahele

Ma hope o ka ehiku-makahiki Sharaf Rashidov mea i loko o nā kumu 'aʻo kula. Kekahi, a me ka hapalua makahiki o ka haʻawina o ke aʻoʻoihana, a ma 18, lilo iho la oia i ke kumu o ke kula kiʻekiʻe. Kumu e nele i loko o kua'āina wahi, ka mea, mehe mea, e ao ana i loko o ko lakou makemake no, mare a me ka noho like a pau a puni, akā, me ka loloa maikai kanaka makemake i kekahi mea hou. He hele aku la i Samarkand, a komo i ka'Āuna Kumu o State University.

E like me ka haumāna, Sharaf Rashidov kēlā wā i kēia wā kākau poetry, kākau pōkole moʻolelo. He manaʻo hoʻi ia i loko o ka 'āina' Nupepa "Leninsky ala". Ma hope o kaʻoiaiʻo ia i lawe ai i ka moku'āina o ke kumu nui ka paʻi o Samarkand. Akā, journalism mea pono, e alalai mai i ka outbreak o ke kaua.

Komo i loko o ka elua World War

I Nowemapa 1941, ma hope o ka hōʻeleu i papa o ke kuka nei lakou i ka Frunze Infantry School, he Junior pili aupuni luna, Sharaf Rashidov ua hoouna mai ai i ka Kalinin Front. He, aole palahalaha ae e pili ana i kona mau koa i hala. I kēia lā, ua hiki ike kumu. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka mea a Kalinin Front? Keia ua kuhikuhi e kaua ana no ka hoʻopau o ka Rzhev salient, elua ia wä, ai grinder, a pepehi mai i kekahi miliona Soviet koa, a me ka pahuhopu i ole, ua loaʻa.

Rashidov Sharaf Rashidovich kālai'āina luna i i hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Banner, a ua ku oia i ka 1943, i ke koena me uala pono no hou hana.

'aoʻao' oihana

26-makahiki-kahiko hoi kālai'āina luna hoʻi i kona hanau Samarkand nupepa. I ka pau ana o na 40s ka mea, ua he kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa me ka inoa, ho'āʻo ana e loaʻa iā lākou iho i loko o ka palapala, ai 'hana, akā, i kona mau poem a me nā moʻolelo i ua' ike nui. Kona hoʻomaka 'e intensively paipai i ka aoao laina. Mua,ʻo ia i Luna hoomalu o ka mea kākau 'Union o Uzbekistan. O ka holo ana, ia i ka oihana i kauoha mai ai. Ka lanakila o ia mea i ka wa o ka hilinaʻi ma Rashidov ma Uzbekistan, a me ka hui ana alakaʻi koʻikoʻi a hanohano.

Soon ka 33-makahiki-kahiko mea kākau lilo lunahoomalu o ka Presidium o ka Aha Kukakuka Malu o Uzbekistan. Ma ka mua USSR, i kekahi ma ia i kakahiaka nui elemakule i i hoopaa ia i ke kiʻekiʻeʻoihana i loko o ka hale a o ka mana.

Ma March 1959, i ka resignation ua hoouna mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o Uzbekistan Sabir Kamalov. Ma ka manawa kama'āina me Nikitoy Hruschevym Rashidov ua mua, a ua hiki keʻai. No laila, ma o ka hoike mai Moscow a hiki i ke kia o ka poo o ka repubalika o ke Komite Central o ka Uzbek Communist Party elects ia Buro ia ia.

Ma ke poo o Uzbekistan

Sharaf Rashidov, i ka ha awina o i wahi mua i lalo o ka makaʻala hooponopono ana o ka hoao ana alakaʻi, a kino Nikity Hruscheva, Ua manaʻo me ke aloha kekahi i kekahi, 'ole-kahiko Uzbek mauʻohana ulu ana nō papa o kekahi lālā o ka hoʻokele waiwai, kalepa a me ka kivila hana. Rashidov Ua lilo maoli i 'O ke kaulike nā limahana kulekele, i puni ia ia iho me ke kumu hoohalike o ka mua, a me nā hanauna kanaka, oia ho'āʻo eʻohi kanaka e alakaʻi kulana ma kānaka apau i mākaukau. I loko nō o ka au he mea pono io no i keia la, a me ka hoike ana o kēia mau kumu, no ka mea hoi ma ka Central Asia ia ua he His.

Rashidov like me ka maka o ka Soviet Hikina

Young (ʻo ia e huli 42), hoʻonaʻauao, uʻi ano poʻo o ka Soviet Muslim repubalika pono maoli nō ka oko ao mai na mea he nui o kona mau nā hoapili - aoao bureaucrats. Ua Ua mahalo ma Moscow. Member o ka Politburo o ka CPSU Central Komite Artem Mikoyan, kona hana ua, e hookupaa aku ana i na aina o ka hikina, mau kono Rashidov i loko o kā lākou huakaʻi i ke kai huakaʻi i India, Iran, Iraq. Aia Rashidovich Sharaf, ka mea i ike i ka ins, a mai loko mai o ka hikina politeness ua ma ka hale. Ma muli o ia Tashkent pinepine haole moku'āina a me ka lehulehu nāʻaha huiʻelele.

Ma ka haule ana o ka 1965 ma waena o Inia, a Pakistan palena kue wawahi mai, i koke escalated i loko o piha-ka unahiʻole, i loko o ke kaua i mokulele a me ka poʻina nalu i lohe nui i hoʻohana. None o ka Western aina nele, e lawe mai i ka poe kaua a hiki i ka negotiatingʻaina. Ua hiki ke hana wale Rashidov, ka mea i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ka hālāwai ma Tashkent i nā luna o nā'āina elua, i kūpono i ka hōʻailona o ka Tashkent ka HŌʻIKE I, i hoopau ai i keia kaua. Oiai formally ma ka naʻe ma ka aoao o ka USSR komo A. N. Kosygin, ka mea, ua akaka i ka papa kuhikuhiE na makana a hiki i ka hui ana o ka halawai i ia i ka luna o Uzbekistan.

Rashidov a Brezhnev

No mahana e pili ana i hoʻomohala ma Sharaf Rashidovich Leonid Brezhnev, ka poe i makemake e hele mai i Tashkent a Mai hoʻopoina, e hōʻike i ka pono o ko lākou Uzbek nā hoapili ma ka aʻe ia nā kumu kāki aoao. Rashidov ua ho'āʻo nei,ʻaʻole e lilo maka ma ke alo o ke kakauolelo mau, ma hope o nā mea a pau Brezhnev hoahanau kaukaʻi ma ka hoʻolako 'ia o ia no na aupuni, i ke kumuhana. A no ka kaʻoihana kālā o ka piko waena o ka Soviet republics ka mea, ua he maoli paio. Uzbekistan ka papa kuhikuhiE competitor ma keia pili i aneea oneiaey, i ke poo o ka a Kunayev hoa me Brezhnev mai ka manawa mai o ka moʻolelo o ka wahine puʻupaʻa.

Rashidov imi ma Moscow ka ke kālā e kūkulu hou kulanakauhale. Ma lalo o kāna mau alakaʻi i loko o ka repubalika ikea Uchkuduk, Navoi, Zarafshan. New mea kanu a me ka hoʻouku a me ka aaioee hana ma Uzbekistan aneane ua holo ka makahiki.

A lohe o Rashidov repubalika i ke gula. ka honua i ka nui loa koʻu Muruntau i kūkuluʻia no ka? iecaianoaaiiie o ke gula hamama lua. I keia la, ke gula Muruntau (oi ma mua o 60 tona no ka makahiki) o ke kumu no ke kālā kumupaʻa o ka aina.

Mau noonoo Rashidov Sharaf Rashidovich uku Tashkent. Ke poʻo o Uzbekistan , oia ho'āʻo e huli i loko o kekahi o ka loa nani kūlanakauhale i loko o ka Hikina. I ka waenakonu o ke kulanakauhale, o kela mea keia 10-15 mika punawai i kūkuluʻia, heʻano o ka uliuli hakahaka mea, heʻe piʻoloke ihola. Mea Hana no e pili ana i kēia nani a pau ua kikeke ana mai o ka hoao ana-oaio? Ua Sharaf Rashidov. Photo o kona wā o ka kakahiaka nui 80-ies i hoikeia ma lalo nei.

keʻokeʻo gula

Akā, o papa, i ka hookumu ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Uzbekistan ma ka Soviet wā ua pulupulu. Ke aupuni i loko o ka 70s, a kakahiaka nui 80s pono ai i ka nui nui o ka lako o kēia moʻomeheu. Lole nā hale hana a me ka mea e malu ai kanu wale umi i ma kona nele, no laila, pulupulu meakanu ua mau hoʻonui, a me ka makahiki kaʻohiʻana kai eʻe huli i loko o ka nationwide naholo kiki mai ai 'oihana.

Union alakaʻi ua mau kaomi ma luna o Rashidov, ae kauoha mai mea ulu i loko o ka pulupulu wa e oki ai. He pinepine, aole e lawe i ka helu i kekahi Pahuhopu ana e like me kaʻai i waena nele, heʻino ka ino, a no laila, ma luna, ma lalo o ka ikaika hoʻoweliweli 'o ka hoʻopaʻi no ka holo pono o ka manao no ka pulupulu lako, aʻaʻole i makemake aku e lilo ka mana a me ka ole, ka Uzbek waiwai alai ae ia e Rashidov ua ulu ka pau'ōnaehana lewa a me ka falsification o ka buke. Ua apono 'no kekahi, a hiki i kaʻohiʻai loa maikaʻi i loko o ka Center, e hōʻike i ka holomua manaʻo o kou akamai, e hookipa aku kūpono oluolu, ka uku, a koi hou kaʻoihana kālā aupuni pāhana.

Ke ki wahi o keia'ōnaehana i ke kahua o ka pulupulu nā hoʻohua ma ka haawi ana i kekahi mau makana-oaio? A haawi poʻe i loko o ka Europa hapa o ka aina. hoomaka iho la i ka wa e hiki i ko lakou mau kaa me ka pulupulu, a me ia, mai Uzbekistan hele'aheʻelele "hoʻoholo", i lawe i ke kālā no nā alakaʻi o nā kumu, a me ka mea, me na hana-nā mea kūʻai mai ua hooholo mua ana i ka la mahope mai,ʻaʻole e ka fuss ina, kahi o ka maka mea o ke kaha mua i Class II a mälama pulupulu neoneo.

Ka mea i laweʻia, mai ke kala? Ka USSR i nā wale kekahi o ko lākou mau kumu - kalepa. A pau ka mea, obkladyvayut a me ka hoʻokupu, a me ka hoʻi loaa waiwai i loko o pōkole lako, a ma ia manawa Uzbekistan ua ma ka nui loa - kā lākou deliveries he Rashidov ia nā kumu kāki no ka "hooko" o ka pulupulu lako kuka. Pela he vicious pōʻai o ka hoʻopunipuni, bribery, palaho, laila, ua nane huna nō ka 'ole holoʻokoʻa me Uzbek lehulehu.

pulupulu hihia

ʻO wai ka mea hele mai i ka mana Brezhnev ka make ma hope o ka 1982, Yuri Andropov hoʻoholo ihola e pepehi i ka hoopau ana i ka "pulupulu Mafia". I ka hoʻomaka o ka 1983 ma Uzbekistan hoʻokolokolo 'kime i hoounaia mai, mai Moscow, a hoomaka ae la e hopu i ka luna o ka' āina 'kālepa poʻe, ke olonā wāwae o ka kumu o ka hoʻolako' ia o ia no ka holoʻokoʻa nenoaiu o ka palaho. nui waiwai i hopu.

Rashidovʻike ihola i ke kaila i ka nalowale puke o ka pulupulu e,ʻaʻole e hiki i kēia makahiki. He frantically holo i ke kauwela a me ka Akuma ka o ka makahiki 1983 ma ka aina, hoolale i nā luna, e huli ke koe nō, e hoolako i keʻokeʻo ke gula, akā, no ka mea i olelo mua iaʻi kakahiaka nui i loko o ka makahiki Andropov 3 miliona na tona o ka maka mea e hoʻokele i ka ohi wale 20%. Kona hoʻomaopopo i ka mua o ia, e kali ana no ka pono o ka hilahila a me ka hoʻokuʻu loa 'ia karaima hoopii, October 31, 1983 Rashidov, e like me kona mau memoirs J. Nasriddinov, pana aku la ia i ka mua, Luna hoomalu o ka Presidium o ka Aha Kuka Malu.

Sharaf Rashidov: ohana, na keiki

Ma ka hikina, ka mea, e hoomaikai mai 'ohana cia, nānā' ole o ka nohona o ka papa a me ka wahi. He i koe a hiki i keia rula a me Sharaf Rashidov. Kona ohana ua launa, e hoʻokō ai me ke aupuni kuʻuna Hawaiʻi. Kana wahine i ka homemaker Hursant Gafurovna keiki - na kaikamahine eha a me ke keiki - e noho ana i loko o Tashkent ke kula. A pau o ia nō ka mālama 'ana i ka aloha iaiyoe o kona makua kāne.