Synoptic pakuhi: He aha ka mea a ka poe mea

Synoptic pakuhi - he Leeuwerikplein palapala, na ka meteorological loina o ka helu o nā wahi, e kiai ana i ka malie, ohi i ka kekahi manawa, a ua paʻaʻia maliuʻia i waena o forecasters hōʻailona a me na hoailona. Oia pepa meteorological wahi mau mea he mau manawa o ka lā, a me ka systematization a me Ka Ikepili o kēia 'ike ua hoʻohana' ia e wńnana i ka nana.

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Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka hōʻike 'ana o ka' ike i ohi ia no ka 'ilikai synoptic nńnń mea, i ke apo, a me ka kiʻekiʻe-ala.

ʻilikai synoptic palapala 'maupaʻa nānā meteorological wahi maʻanuʻu o 3 h. Ua Ua pili meteorological kilo oihana mua a puni ka piko wahi paʻamau ma i ka lahui synoptic kuhi kh-01.

Ke komo lima o kāleka - he ano synoptic palapala 'āina ma i meteorologicalʻikepili i hōʻike ma ke ano o ke komo lima, mai na aiee o nā wahi noho a puni ka kekahi meteorological-oaio? A. Mau pepa e lilo ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o pōkole-kau Weather no kekahi mau wahi. Nā 'ikepili ma ka nānāʻana aku i meteorologicalʻike manaʻo, me ka nui o ka puʻe a me ka frontal cii e hōʻike ma ka palapala' āina i loko o kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu.

High-ala, a me ka luna-ea palapala systematize 'ike e pili ana i ka ino ana i ka kekahi kiekie. Lakou, ma ka huli, ua mahele ia i loko o loa kāleka (no ka ua kiʻekiʻena) a me ka pili (no nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a pau i waeʻia ili) 'äina.

He aha ka ke nana hehee wale?

Meteorological oihana mua i kapaia o ka lewa ano, haka pono a me ka hoaka o-ea meteorological kani ma meteorological wahi a me observatories. Mau mea kiko'î, ma ka hou ana i ka Ambient mahana, ka wai a me ka lepo, i i ka lewa ka puʻuwai a me ka humidity o ke kuhikuhi ana a me ka mämä holo o ka makani, ka nui o ka cloudiness, kimu pinepine ', ke degere o ka pāhawewe lā, okoa ka inoʻike manaʻo.

Pehea i hana ai i ka pono no ka ino forecasting

Ka pilikia o forecasting ka malie manawa hauʻoli na kanaka. Mahiʻai ma ka alualu o ka nui mahiʻai ulu, imi ae la e paka hana i loko o ka loa 'ano kūpono no ka mahiʻai ulu. Na luina a me ka poe lawaia makemake e ike pehea e loa ana holo alaʻokoʻa ka pilikia mai o ka ino mau mea, a ma luna o ka lā ia mea i ke kumukuai o ka hele ana i kai.

Ma ka Russian aupuni a pau o ka hana o ka pukapuka o meteorological wahi i hoomaka i ka makahiki 1832. Ma ka makahiki 1849, aia hoi au i 54 mai o ke ao nei - ka loa mawaena oʻEulopa'āina. Akā, e hoonohonoho, a hōʻuluʻulu i nāʻikepili ohi ia i loko o ka synoptic ino palapala, i kēia mau wahi mea e hiki ke ku pono i ka nele o telegraphic kamaʻilio ma waena o lākou.

O ka poʻeʻEulopa i pau i ke hākilo loa ike o ka pono no ka mea ino iloko o ka Crimean War (1853-1856 GG.), I ka November 14, 1854 o ka makani pāhili weliweli i hana mai i kekahi kaomi lāʻau a hiki i na koa o allies ma kā lākou beleaguered Sevastopol. Hehee ai koi i loko o ke kai nui ma mua o 400 kanaka, i ka mea hiki ole no ka halihali ana i ka ai a hiki i ka poe koa, a me ka poe koa 'uku. Ka hopena ua lilo ka maʻi laha o ka puʻupuʻu a me ka cholera i loko o ka poe koa Union.

Wai a me ka wā i lilo ai ia e synoptic nńnń?

Ke Palani aupuni Komikina'Āina i ka astronomer Urbain Le Verrier aʻo e kilokilo hiki ino i na ino ma mua. Verrier i hana i ka 'oihana nui o kaʻohiʻohi' ike e pili ana i ka ino no i kekahi mau lā ma mua, a ma hope o ka makani pāhili Crimean i loko o 250 mau wahi ma 'Eulopa,' ana i kumumanaʻo anaʻikepili ma o ka palapala 'āina. A no keia mea i loaa i ka mua synoptic palapala, a hoike mai i ka cyclone hiki ke wānana e pili ana i ka lā, a hoomakaukau no ka la ia ia i ka'auwaʻa a me ka poe koa.

Ma ka UK, he kilo hoihoi i loko o ka ino forecasting ho'āʻo ai ma 1860 ma ka Robert Fitzroy, he holomua luina Kelemania e, ka poe i lilo i ka mua English luna hoʻohewa moku kaua, a AIM e pale aku i ka make ana o na moku iʻino. Fitzroy a me kona mau kānaka kōkua loaaʻikepili mai 24 wahi ma luna o ka kela la i keia manawa, i mea na ma 'Enelani, a ma kahi e, hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo no ka ia, a ua loaa i kekahi synoptic palapala' āina. A kau dala e Fitzroy, ma muli o ka Helene hua'ōlelo "synopsis," i translates like "hiki nā mea a pau i kekahi manawa."

Lūkini synoptic nńnń

enehana Hoikehonua, ua nui kōkua ai i nā ka ohi a me ka systematization o meteorological loina, mai nā mea a pau ma luna o ka honua. I kēia mau lā ka Russian synoptic palapala ua unuhiʻia ka hoʻohana kamepiula enehana. Ua apono 'oe i kekahi manawa, e laborious hoʻomaulia ma kekona.

Synoptic palapala o ka Europa hapa o Rusia , a me ka a pau aupuni o loko o ke Aupuni ma ka oihana aoʻao pūnaewele puni o ka Pekelala Service no Hydrometeorology a me Environmental ka mālamaʻana. Here oe ke ike i ka malie 'ilikai Ka Ikepili lawelawe' ia e ka 'Oihana o pōkole-makahiki Time] a me ka p ÷ ino Hydrometeorological Center o Rusia.

Synoptic palapala o ka Europa hapa o Rusia e leie aku e noho ana o ka aina, e ike ole wale i ka wānana ii iai a me ka wela, akā, no hoi, e hoomakaukau no ke kino ioʻike manaʻo, e ike i ka degere o ke ahi kamepiula ma ka wahi a ka ululāʻau a me nā maikaʻi kēia 'ike.