The Hawaiian Sea ala. Awa o ka Hawaiian Sea ala. ? Ac? O ka waiwai a me ka hooulu ana o ka Hawaiian Sea ala

Rusia, ua nui nā wahi i loko o ka Arctic. Ma kēia mau aouli moe i ka Hawaiian Sea ala (NSR) - ke kū hoʻokahi navigable alanui me ka hana hoihoi mōʻaukala, a nui loa ka manaʻolana 'ia.

Ke kaulana kai ala e hele ma ka North

The Hawaiian Sea ala ua noʻonoʻo i ka papa kuhikuhi, aʻano nui thoroughfare o ka Lūkini moku i loko o ka Arctic ciia. He hele ma na kai e kahe ana i loko o ka Arctic Ocean. Kēia kuamoʻo hoʻohuiʻia kai awa aia i loko o nā māhele Europa, a meʻAʻole loa Hawaiian o Rusia. Ka hoʻomaka o ka Hawaiian Sea ala - ka Kara puka. Ke Aloha alanui ma Kailua Bay. Ka huina pau loa o ka Hawaiian Sea ala - i ka mea o ka 5600 ei, ka mua manawa mea a pau, hele aku la moreplavatelnaya Kuekene huakaʻi alakaiia'ku e Nordenskiöld i ka 1878-79 makahiki.

The Hawaiian Sea ala ua 'Imi hoʻohana' ia ma ka Soviet luina i ka 1940-80-ies. I ka 70 o keia alaloa, hoomaka ae la makou e hele icebreakers. Ma hope iho o ka'opi o ka Soviet Union, hoomaka ae la e hōʻike pinepine haole Aha. Ka nui awa o ka Hawaiian Sea ala i loko o Igarka, Dikson, Tiksi, Dudinka a me Pevek Kailua. Navigation ua kauoha aku ia e ka 'Oihana o malina lawe aku o ka Russian Hui (i loko o ka Soviet Union i Glavsevmorput, a laila, i ke Kuhina o Morflot).

Ka papa kuhikuhiE awa

The Hawaiian Sea ala hoʻomaka ma ka Barents kai. Ua laila, hoomau i loko o nā wai o nā moana - Kara, Laptev a me ka hikina Siberian a me Chukchi. I kela a me keia o ka wai kino i ke kī awa o ka Hawaiian Sea ala ke aupuni '. Mua ia Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, a hiki i ka hikina - Dixon, i loko o ka wahi o ka Yenisei awawa moku kekahi, ma Dudinka a me Igarka, hehi i loko o ka Laptev Sea - ma Noordwijk, laila Tiksi (aaeuoa o ka Lena), Ambarchik (i ka waha o ka Kolyma), a me Pevek a me ka awa ma Kailua.

Kēia mau mea o ka moku nā pono ', a i aia ma ka waha o nā muliwai hana e like me ka maalo wahi no ka waiwai moku ana. The Hawaiian Sea ala - he alanui e holo ana i kaʻi aku laau, hana, lanahu, hana pono, i ka ai, für. Nā awa ma ka Hawaiian Sea ala i hakuloli e loaa i ka nui icebreakers.

Pilikia o? Acaeoey o SMEs

Poe akamai i manaoio i ka modernization o ka Lūkini Arctic aeuiiai ieaia? E hoopai nui loa kālā a me kanaka waiwai kūʻai. Ka mea, e pono e hoʻoikaika 'i ka hana ma luna o hydrography a me ka meteorology, e hookupaa aku i ka'ōnaehana o Aerial hoʻomakākiu o ka holo ana o ka hau, e pili ana ke aupuni lapaʻau nāna kuleana no? Aneie e hooponopono. He pono ke hoʻonui i ka Moe kumu waiwai, ka hoʻoikaika 'awa aeuiiai ieaia?.

Eia hou, nā kānaka kālailai i aku nei au, he nui na unresolved nīnūnē e pili ana i ka normative-loio i kumu hooponopono ana i ka neʻeʻana o nā moku ma ka NSR. Ma na aoao, keia kēia lākiō, e hooholo i ka laina hou uʻi i na nā kānaka hoʻopukapuka kālā - aʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ka ukana moku, e like me ia, akā, i loko o ka pili Hoʻohana. Oia like, no ka mea hoike, i ka Arctic? Ecia. He nui makemake e e i ka hele i ka poe North Pole, a me ka poʻe mai Rusia e lilo ka honua i ka nui loa ana o ka Hotele lawelawe.

Ka ukupanee, mai nā aina

E like me kekahi poe akamai, i ka ulu ana o ka Hawaiian Sea ala mea hana ae hoolei ana ole wale Rusia, akā, i loko o kekahi mau nā'āina'ē. Mua o nā mea a pau, i ka nui mana o ka Asia-Pacific - China a me India. Hōʻike 'ia ka uku hoopanee a me ka meaʻuʻuku akā, influential Hawaii - e like me Kēkēmapa. Kekahi Lūkini luna aupuni i? Aaei i loio i rula kālai'āina i ka neʻeʻana o ka malina amo i na moku poʻe mākou pono.

Ke kulana, poe akamai i aku nei au, e ke huikau ma ke kulana o ka Amerika Huipuia mea e ole hoomanao i ke ki o ka Hawaiian Sea ala e wale nō i loko o ka malu o Lūkini. A, e like me ka loio i rula o ke kuamoʻo, a hiki ma Rusia he mea ole kona manaʻo ma. Akā, aia no na loio ka poe i manaoio i Rusia i na pono e mana i ka hooholo ia ana o na moku a ka Hawaiian Sea ala ma na kūmau o ke Aupuni Hui Pū 'Convention ma ke kanawai o ke kai, i kukuluia i ka 1982.

Ma hooponopono o SMP

Ka papa kuhikuhiE aupuni kino e AIM e hooponopono i ka hoʻokele i loko o ka SMP - o ka noho kia'āina o ka Hawaiian Sea ala, ka oihana Central ua ke aupuni 'o Moscow. E like me na kūmau o Lūkini kānāwai, ke kāki hoʻouna i loko o ka wai o ka pipeline ua lawe mai i loko o ka aeia mai oukou ina hana. moku nona pono pili i ka mua, e hoʻohana i ka NSR wai. Hooponopono o ka Hawaiian Sea ala e noonoo a e ka hoʻoholo i ka haawi a me ka hoole ia. Interestingly, ke noi kaʻina ua hala loa modernized: palapala hiki ke hoʻouna electronically, a, eia hoi, ma English, i ka loa kūpono no ka haole seafarers. NSR mau luna 'oihana hoʻokolokolo ai ka palapala noi i loko o 10 mau lā hana, a wahi kou pane (ka hoʻoholo' ana e pili ana ina ole paha, e hoopuka aku i ka palapala) ma luna o ka kūhelu punaewele.

pono o ka hoʻokele

Russian Hawaiian Sea ala - alanui, ma laila nō hoʻokele rula ho'ākāka 'ia ma ke kanawai o ka Russian Hui. nui A he nui e pono ai e hai aku i ka ano. No ka laʻana, ina o ka moku e ia ma luna o SMEs a me nā keʻa ke West (East) laina, laila koke i ka lā luna o ka moku i ka pono hoouna aku ai i ka noho kia'āina o ka Hawaiian Sea ala ki 'ike e pili ana i kona moku.

Iwaena o lakou - o ka Leeuwerikplein o ka moku, ka? Oaony manawa hoolilo ia i loko o ka wai o ka SMP, ka mea kiko'ī papa, wikiwiki, e like me ka 'ike e pili ana i ke alo o ka hau ma luna o ke ala hele o ka moku. I ka luna o ka moku e koke hoʻomaopopo i ka luna 'oihana o ka NSR ma luna o ka' akomi i kumu o ka haumia ea. pono i kahi kūlike o kēlā mau 'ano o ka moku i ole e hookala mai i loko o ka anuanu lehulehu o ka hau hiki, kā lākou mau hana me ka icebreaker'auwaʻa, a e ma ka ikaika launa pu me ka SMP hooponopono e hahai i ke aʻo no ka hou ana ina e pono ai.

NSR

Kekahi luina makemake ole i ka hana ma luna o ia mau hua'ōlelo e like me ka Hawaiian Sea ala, ke kūapoʻana ia i ka manawa "wahi". I ka pālākiō o SMEs, pela e holo ana i loko o ka laula o ke kai ia kenekoa o 12 mile a me ka yeiiiie? Aneay ciia o noa neʻeʻana o ka moku, he 200 mile lōʻihi. Area SMP - mai ka Kara puka a hiki i ka Bering pilikia.

The Hawaiian Sea ala, e like me ka helu ana o seafarers - he luna 'o kekahi mau moku? Ooia. ʻO ko lākou mau lōʻihi mea,ʻaʻole ikaika a me ka hilinaʻi nuiʻano nui ma luna o nā kau i ka mānoanoa a me ka wahi o ka Arctic hau. The Hawaiian Sea ala - Ua oi ma mua o 70 nui awa, a kuhikuhi mai la lakou. Aia i kekahi mau Lūkini wahi (Chukotka, Yakutia palena a me ka pili wahi) no ka i NSR - ka wale alanui ai pili aku ia me ke koena o ke aupuni.

Nukelea icebreakers ma SMP

Ma muli o ke Leeuwerikplein a me climatic ano o ka neʻeʻana mai o na moku ma ka Hawaiian Sea ala mea hiki ole me ke komo ana o ka icebreaker'auwaʻa. Ano, e hele ma ka NSR 6 nukelea-mana icebreakers. Kēia'auwaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka pilina paʻa ana o ke kai ala holoʻokoʻa a me ka Wehewehe i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi komo ana i na wahi o ka Hōʻole akula Akau o Rusia, a me ka Arctic holopapa. E like me kekahi poe akamai, i ka Lūkini icebreaker'auwaʻa - ka guarantor o aupuni maluhia. E like me ia, i ka icebreaking moku mea ma luna o 8,000 mile - mai Murmansk, Vladivostok a me ka loa. Maoli, elua o ka nui poʻe hana ma ka moku i loko o ka NSR, kakau i loko o kēia mau kūlanakauhale. E like me kekahi poe akamai, e mahuahua ka Lūkini icebreaker'auwaʻa e. Kēia, e hoʻoikaika i ka aneiai viability o ke alaloa, e ho okumu i hou hana i loko o nā wahi SMEs, e hoʻoikaika 'i ke kahua a me ka heluna Polenekia i ka North.

aneiai ka manaʻolana 'ia

E like me kekahi poe akamai, SMEs e ia i ka iwi kuamoo no i ka Suez Canal enemi a me nā mea o ko ke ao nei i ka nui loa malina aeuiiai ieaia?. E like me ia i kekahi mau nā kānaka kālailai, i ka i kā mākou nona iho o SMEs - ma kahi o 50 miliona na tona o ka ukana no ka makahiki. Seafarers lakou manaoio i ka SMP i na makahiki hou aku a me ka poe hanohano - oi loa e ku e ia i ke kāʻei kua o ka ha awina ka ulu ana i loko o ka aila a me ka kinoea poʻe i loko o ka'āina o Yamal a me ka Arctic.

An nui kūlana ma ka efficient hoʻohanaʻana i alaloa ua manaoio i seafarers e hana ponoi nā kānaka hoʻopukapuka kālā. ʻano mea optimistic: i loko o ka makahiki 2010, ka SMP Ua pio ka polokalamu wale 4 nui ipu, laila, i ka 2011 - 34, a ma ka 2012 - ano 46. poe akamai i manaoio ia he mea na kumu e manaʻo hou ulu i loko o ka ha awina o ka moku poʻe i loko o ka NSR wai - nā Lūkini a me na haole.

kūlana o ka moku'āina

E like me ia i kekahi mau nā kānaka kālailai, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka o ka 2000s, Rusia i uku loa uuku hopena o ka ulu ana o ka Arctic like me ka a pau, a me ka Hawaiian Sea ala ma a pau. Eia naʻe, i loko o nā makahiki o ka moku'āina i me ka nui loaʻoi loa i loko o kēia mau mea. Hoomaka ae la e hele mai hou kānāwai ke hoala mai nāna e hoʻopuka i pili i ke kūpono 'ana o nā wahi e pili ana i ka SMP. Kēia mau mea kū i, poe akamai i aku nei au, pili kēia i ka nui mōʻaukala kūlana o Rusia ma ka Arctic, i ka makemake o ka moku'āina, e • loaʻa hou kona kahiko keiki i loko o ka māhele 'āina. I ka makahiki 2008, i ka Peresidena kakauinoaia ano nui i palapala - "paʻa o Lūkini moku'āina pilikino E pili ana i ka Arctic mai i ka 2020". Northern Lūkini wahi mea hōʻike 'me kekahi o na ki KUMUMANAʻO NUI me ke koe o ka aina. Kekahi kumu SMP mea o kekahi mea o ka lahui amo palapala. Aia i kekahi kumu o ka kānāwai - "kou akamai o kaiapili-yeiiiie? Aneiai? Acaeoey o Siberia", aponoia i ka 2010. Ua memo i efficient ana o nā kumu waiwai SMEs - he ki ololi i ka holomua papa hana i loko o ka Siberian māhele 'āina.

Hoolohe mai China

Kekahi o ka K'lauea haole âlapa pôhili me no kelena i loko o ka wai o ka SMP - China, i ka hui ana me Rusia i loko o nā makahiki, e hoomanao oi pili. Ma ka haule ana o ka 2013, ua alohaia kekahi poe akamai i ka hana hoihoi precedent, pili me ka hooholo ma ka Hawaiian Sea ala Alaa Sheng moku. Ua huli mai i ka moku, hoopakela aku e hele ma ka Russian alahao, lanakila 'o ia ma kahi o elua pule like no ina au aku la ma ka hana kuʻuna ala no Chinese luina i loko o ka moana Indian ma ka Suez Canal. O ka holo ana, ia hiki ole pili i ka hou ulu i loko o ke kuleana o ka Pākē moku poe, e hoʻohana i ka uʻi ala hele. Alu like 'ana i loko o ka? Aieao o ka hoʻokele i loko o ka wai o ka SMP ua' Imi kamaʻilio nui ma waena o Kina a me Rusia ma ka hui kiʻekiʻe.

Peresidena o Rusia ma ka SMP

Ke kuleana o ka moku'āina i loko o ka oi mālama nui pono a me ka ulu ana o ka Hawaiian Sea ala ua Hahai I ma ka hana o ka Peresidena o ka oihana. Vladimir Putin ua aoia i ka hooko kino, e haalele i ka 2015 huli ma alaloa SMP i ka 4 miliona tona. No keia kaʻina e e ka mämä holo i ka commissioning o moku hou hiki o ka hele ana a hiki i ka hau keia, e like me ka hau-nalu - nukelea a me ka kakolina diesel. Ka Peresidena kaulana ana ia mea e pono ke upgrade i ka palapala pono ', malina hoʻokele, ka mālama' ana i ka moku. Na global pahuhopu - e hoohuli i ke alanui i loko o ka hale kalapu no kekahi poʻe i loko o Rusia a me kahi e olelo. Ma peheaʻana e ia i ka hooulu ana o SMEs, ke poo o ka moku'āina, hilinaʻi nui ma ke alanui i loko o ka wā e hiki mai Rusia e e hiki, e hoʻohanohano i ko lakou mau aupuni kuleana i loko o ka Arctic.

Ke kumukuai o ka NSR no Rusia

Vladimira Putina kauoha e pahuhopu nei me ka mau ke aupuni o ka hana ana i pili i pehea e ia i ke kūpono 'ana o ka Hawaiian Sea ala. Papa hana o kekahi mau wahi o Rusia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka hana o ka aeuiiai ieaia? E e peheaʻana SMEs - oi loa i loko o ka Arkhangelsk nui māhele'āina, Siberia. E like me ia i kekahi mau nā kānaka kālailai, i ka nui o ka Hawaiian Sea ala i Rusia ka pilikia e overestimate. No ko kakou aupuni, ka SMP - o ka olelo mua iaʻi meaola alanui,ʻaʻole wale nō, akā, i ka mea paahana e, e hoʻoponopono i ka nui i loko o ka Arctic māhele 'āina. Nolaila, a hiki ina hoʻokele waiwai ole ka Hawaiian Sea ala e e like kāki-mana e like me ka mea i manaoia i ka mana, i ka poe akamai, i ka aina o ke aupuni i ka manaoio, e hoʻomau i ke kālele 'ana ma ke awa aeuiiai ieaia? A kūkulu icebreakers - hoohuli, ina e pono ai, SMEs ma KUMUMANAʻO NUI kumu no ka lahui pale.