Tower Bridge ma London: hōʻike, mōʻaukala, 'ano a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Bridge Tower Bridge o kekahi o ka hana pepa o London, a me ka UK like me ka a pau ma luna o ka par me ka Buckingham Palace, a me ka huila "London Eye" Ferris. Makahiki 'ole i hooholoia no ka haneri makahiki. Naʻe, i ke alahaka mea nō maikai, hiki wawe ko a me ka hoihoi 'ana i ka lehulehu, e like me ka pono me ka hana maikaʻi a me kona palapala kuleana pili i.

Location alahaka

Tower Bridge ma London (Tower Bridge ma ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia) ua pinepine pioloke me London, i ua aia iki ma luna o ke kahawai. Externally, i kēia mau hale a mau mea loa e like, akā, ma muli o kā lākou i ka wahi i hilahila. I ka mea, ma ka hoohiki ana o ke alahaka mua loa o ka iki, e noonoo ma kona inoa, a me nā mea a pau i hoike. Tower ka mea, ua kapaʻia ma muli o ia ka mea i kahi i loko o ka wahi koke o ka E kūʻoe ma ka akau kapa o ka Thames, me ka halekiai o London. Ma ka Hawaii photo ma lalo nei oe e ike i ka London Bridge.

Location kahi kūlike: 51 ° 30'20 "me. W. 0 ° 04'30 "W. d. Tower Bridge mea he henua nui. Mai na puka makani nui o kona gale me ka Waimanalo manao o ke kulanakauhale me ka recognizable skyscraper inoa kapakapa "kaʻukama" a me ka hana ana i ka Shard. Huli i kona nānā aku a hiki i kaʻaoʻao hikina, e hiki ke ike i ka Kaunakakai Observatory a me Docks St. Ana.

Tower Bridge: Description

Ke alahaka o ka uapo huki, a e kau ana i ka ia manawa. Kona lōʻihi, he 244 m + a me ka mea i kā mākou laula (ma ke kikowaena kīkoʻo) ihoiho 61 m. Ua puunaueia ka Media aoao o ke alahaka i loko o nā punohu'ēheu, kela mea keia mea o ka i kaupaona oi ma mua o ka tausani tona. No ka mea e hooholo ia ana o na moku e hele mai ana i ke Thames, ka mea hiki ke hoala hou i ka huina o ka 83 degere. Ma waena pū alahaka hoʻouka kekahi hale kiaʻi 65 m + kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka luna nui o ko lākou hoʻohui i nā meheu elua. Ka mea, i ke hoʻololi e counteract i ka papamoe hoʻopilikia koa e ho okumu i ka wehe 'hapa o ke alahaka Tower Bridge ma ka aina. Ma ke kumu o kēlā me kēia hale kiaʻi waiho kaʻapuni hana.

Ka papa kala like 'ole noaia o ke alahaka (uliuli, a keʻokeʻo) i aponoia i ka 2010. Prior i keia, ua i koe ua hoʻololiʻia mai 1977, ka wā i ka hanohano o ke kala Iubilē o Queen Elizabeth II manao pena i loko o ekolu ano: uliuli, ulaula, a keʻokeʻo.

Ka papahele o ke alahaka, ua hamama ke kalepa, a me iaoeo. Naʻe, i ka hale kiaʻi māhoe, na meheu ma ka hoaka o ka 'ilikai a me ka engine keena o ka Victorian au i kekahi hapa o ka Tower Bridge Exhibition. Ua hiki i balota 'ana i kēia mau hoʻopunipuni.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

I ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 19th kenekulia i koho ma ka ulu o ka aina, a me ka ala hou ana o ka hikina Ka pau. Hele wāwae, a kalepa ae la lakou equestrian māhuahua mau manawa ma ka pili ana i kēiaʻoihana kaua i ka hoʻolālā a holo i ka Thames a hiki i ka hikina o London Bridge. I ka 1870, ma lalo o ka muliwai tunnel i waiho Tower kaʻa'ōhua ma lalo iho. E like me ke kaʻa'ōhua ma lalo iho, hookauwa aku la ia i ka kŘpa a pōkole manawa a me ka ho'ōla, hoomaka ae la ia e hoʻohana wale ma iaoeo. Ano ka mea, ua loaa ka wai ka papa kuhikuhi. Pela, ke tunnel i ole ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia, no laila, i ka 1876 i ka Komite Wae ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Sir A.D.Altmana, i ua e imi i ke ala o ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka muliwai e holo.

Ke Komite kūkala i ka Competition, a lawe pu aku ma mua o 50 pāhana. Ka uwa maila Ua kūkala i ka 1884, akā, laila, hoʻoholo i kūkulu i kekahi alahaka Tower Bridge (English - Tower Bridge). ? Ieoaeunoai Ua hoomanaia mai au e Act o hale kanawai i ka 1885. He ho'ākāka 'ia i ka nui o ke alahaka, e like me ka manao kaila - Kokika.

Kukulu i ke alahaka

Ieoaeunoai o ka uwapo, kapaʻia ma hope o ka Tower hoomaka ma ka 1886 a he makahikiʻewalu. Iloko o keia manawa, ua i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka elima nui nā kānaka kūkulu hapa: D. Jackson, Baron Armstrong, William Webster, H. Bartlett a me W. Arorol. Ma ke kūkulu kahua o 432 kanaka a pau ke komo pū o. I ka huina o na lilo o ka uwapo i ka manawa ua like ia 1184 tausani. Paona. Ke kukulu i oi mamua o 11 tausani. Nā kana o ka kila.

Official puka o Bridge Tower Bridge i wahi ma June 30, 1894 I ka hana pili i hele ma ka Prince o Wales (i ka wā e hiki mai King Edward VII) a me kana wahine Alexandra o Denemaka.

Ua i loko o ka makahiki mua o kona hana walkways ma waena o nā hale kiaʻi o ke alahaka loaa kekahi nasty kaulana like me ka malumalu no pickpockets a me ka wahine hoʻokamakama. No ka mea, i kākaʻikahi hoʻohana 'ano o iaoeo, ka mea i paa i ka 1910. ka lānai hou wehe gale wale i ka 1982. I kēia ka mea, ua hoʻohana' ia e like me ka, mākaʻi ihola iā anuu, a me ka iau.

Neaa Bridge System

Tower Bridge, e like me ka olelo maluna, i ke kikowaena e hooholo ia, māheleʻia i loko o nā punohu'ēheu. Ka mea ala ma ka huina o ka 83 degere. Mahalo i ka counterbalance i kń ho'āʻo pono, ke alahaka hiki ke nāu kekahi ma ka pono hoʻokahi minuke. Nā kapuwaʻiʻehā ua kipakuʻia kekahi neaa kahua. Ua i mua o ka wai me ka ikaika o ka pae'ōnaehana puʻe o 50 bar. Wai EII ni mau mahu kiko'ī, a i ka huina pau nona iho o ka 360 nā lika. Kēia'ōnaehana ulu Hamilton Randall Owen.

Neaaʻano papa hana, a me ka kinoea kau iho'ōnaehana Ua hoʻouka kekahi ma William Sugg & Li Ltd, he luawai-ike ma Westminster. Flashlights koke mai la initially hamama kinoea burners i loko o ia mau mea. Hope, i ka'ōnaehana i hōʻano hou i ke kālā no incandescent ipukukui.

Na neaa'ōnaehana Ua maopopo ka moʻolelo a hiki i 1974. Ka mea wale nō ke keʻena i mea no ka hoʻohana i kēia lā i ke kapa hope loa. Ka mea, i noho mana ana ma ka laekahi neaa Hawaii me kona kapa, kahi e hoʻohana 'ia ka aila kahi o ka wai. Original maomeka i ua hapa 'ia' la i ka malamaia. ka mea, e ole hoʻohana 'ano a me ka hamama i ka lehulehu, ina he kumu no ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, a ua loaa he alahaka ma London Tower Bridge.

modernization o ke alahaka

I ka 1974, hoomaka ae la ka hana ma ke kūapoʻana i ka OOAOAaXUEIE palapalaʻano papa hana e kipaku aku electrohydraulic kahua. I ka makahiki 2000, he laekahi kamepiula'ōnaehana Ua hoʻouka kekahi, e ho'āla a malalo Kākoʻo kākou e hooponopono. Akā, ma ka ike maopopo ia huli mai ia e unreliable, a me ka hopena he alahaka pinepine apo la ma ka wehe a me ka paʻa kulana, oiai ma ka 2005 i ole auou caiaiai kona nā mea e loaʻa ka mea nalo.

I 2008-2012. Bridge Ua undergone facelift paha, e like me ka mea i kapaʻia i loko o ka ahakanaka, "facelift". Ke Kaʻina Hana i makahiki eha, a loaʻa £ 4 miliona. Na HW ma luna o ka 'ole i ua holoiia ia i ka hanau metala. I kona residues mai i hāʻule i loko o ka Thames, kēlā alahaka pauku uhi ma ka ulu lāʻau, a ea ho film. Ka manao Ua pena i ka uliuli, a keʻokeʻo. Eia hou, i ke alahaka, ua loaa i ka hou ho'ā nā mea i manao ai.

alahaka'ōnaehana

I mea e pono kahu ai, a hooponopono muliwai alahaka o ka neʻeʻana, hoʻohana i ka moʻo o ka rula a me nā lepa. I ke ao ana i lawe mai ai me ke kōkua o kaʻulaʻula semaphore, i ua hoʻouka kekahi ma keena liilii, ma na aoao a elua o ke alahaka? Aeia. I ka po, nā pōpō kukui i hoʻohana: elua ulaula - ke hooholo ia ua paa hou mai la, a mau uliuli - ke alahaka Ua hamama. Ma foggy map kukui pu gong.

Maalo ae la oia ma ka uapo o ke kahua, hoi, ua loaa ia no ka hōʻike 'ana i kekahi mau lepa. Ma ka auina ia ua heʻeleʻele mea poepoe me ke anawaena ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 0,61 mika, e kau ma ke kiekie ole i ka maka. I ka po, i loko o ka ia ke kina ole o Palilaʻulaʻula kukui. Ma foggy map koi 'ia mau ÷ ailona mahu pio moku.

Part o ka ka hōʻikeʻana lako a ua malamaia a me ka manawa, ka mea, ua poe i loko o ka iau.

Interestingly, ke alahaka oi ma mua o ka haneri makahiki, ia mea he olelo wahi i ke aloha i kona nui iauaeoia oo? Ecia a nō i hoopaa mai ai i ka nui pele o ke kalepa. Kela a me keia lā ka mea, nā keʻa oi mamua o 40 tausani. People (iaoeo, cyclists, motorists). I mea e malama i mall ano hoopono, he mea he māmā ka palena o ka hele ana ma luna o ke alahaka, - i oi aku mamua o 32 km / h - a ua lawe aku ke kaupaonaʻana - i hou aku 18 tona.

I ka wā ma mua, i wehe i ka uapo ma ka kela la i keia manawa, a oi aku mamua o hookahi. Ano, e hele ma lalo iā lākou, E e kiʻi 24 hola ma mua. Opening manawa ua paʻiʻia ma luna o ka kūhelu punaewele. Hele noa.

Ka inoa o ka alahaka a me kona helehelena, he kama'āina puni ka honua, a no laila, e pinepine hoʻohana no ka hoʻolaha hana. No ka laʻana, ua kapaia he nui hoʻonaʻauao kulanui Tower Bridge. Ma 'ana, ka Moscow kalepa kulanui me ka mālama nui study o Pelekania. I mea e i ka manao e pili ana i ke kula, heluhelu i nā hōʻike manaʻo e pili ana i ke kula "Tower Bridge School" haʻaleleʻia e kona mau haumāna a me kā lākou mau mākua.

Public naoh i ke alahaka

Ua mea noteworthy i ke alahaka Tower Bridge, me ka a ka keia laekahi London mea wale hiki ole i loko o ka kakahiaka 20th kenekulia, nani nui nema aku. He Ua kapa Hope bezdelnichestva, falsification a me ka pretension. Pelekāne artist a me ka akamai Frank Brangwyn olelo i oi absurd 'ole i ole, ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka strategically nui muliwai.

I manawa hala, e hoʻololi i ka lehulehu pokole o ke alahaka. Ano ka mea, ua ike ia e na Hawaii o ka moku'āina poʻo. Kakaolelo a me ka connoisseur o kuhikuhipuʻuone Dan Cruickshank koho ia ia e like me kekahi o na pono eha, a i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o kona Auana "Ke maikai na hale o Beritania Nui."