Vestibular cochlear nā aʻalolo: ano, 'ole a me ka'anatomia

Kaʻawale Anatomists he umikumamalua hui o nā aʻalolo e i kekahi 'oihana a me ka i aia i loko o ke poo a me ka ai. Kekahi o ia mea i ka vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo. He mea kuleana no ka mea kūikawā pā lonoaʻili: lohe a me ka ano o ke kaulike. 'Aʻe' ana i kona oihana a'anatomia ke alakai i ka walaau ole kīnā o ke kino pono.

'ole

He aha ka ka vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo? Anatomia ia mea loa huikau, e like me ke kumu o ka inoa, he o mau hookaawale aa, a me kekahi mau hana. Ka mua - ka vestibular, mea kuleana no ka koena a pau ai ka semicircular Canal o ka pā pepeiao. Lua - lohe, e lawelawe ai impulses mai ka Kimi o ka cochlea i kona spine.

Nā aʻalolo i kona kumu i loko o ka lalo ili o na hemispheres, e waiho ana i ke oho mea i loko o nā nuclei oliva ma ka medulla oblongata a me ka maluhia iho la lalo o ka lehalehu t nā aʻalolo. Auditory lala hoomaka, mai ka'āina mai o ka cochlea, a me konaʻike ākea keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o hope o kaʻoni iho kino, a me ka Central Haʻalele i ka ma ka luna o ka pyramid auditory iwi i loko o ka lolo, a me ka cochlear nuclei ihoiho.

ʻO ka lua, o ka vestibular, ka lālā i hoʻomaka me ka nodule, i ua aia i loko o ka pā pepeiao. Nā dendrites o kēia mau neurons e hele i ka semicircular Canal, spherical a me ka elliptical mauʻeke. A axon like hapa o ka vestibular kumu ua hoouna mai ai i ke daimana-hoʻokino lua a me ka welau a ma laila, i loko o ka vestibular nuclei.

hoomanao e ana i lohe

Ua kani He kanaka pokole'ōnaehana mea, aole i huikau. Aia i ka pahale mawaho, waena a me ka loko pepeiao, akā, vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo innervates wale nō ma loko. Mua, ua ike kani hawewe ma ke eardrum. Kona oscillations i laila 'o ia i ka hāmare, kua a me kuʻu kēpā, i mea interconnected. Me ka nalu e loli ai ka stapes ka'ololaha puka aniani, e waiho ana ma ka Ewa o ka maze. Kuekueni i pohupani hale o ka perilymph a me ka endolymph i loko o ka maze. Oscillate pu me ke kinowai, a kiʻekiʻe apana o ka eardrum, ke basilar a una honua. Ma ka mea e zvukovosprinimayuschego lauoho, hoʻomakaʻia nā aʻalolo impulses. Ua Ua pū i hiki ai i ka helical pa alima, aia i loko o ka pā pepeiao. Keʻano o ka hanaʻana o nā aʻalolo aeee i e i ka'āina aia ma ka puka i loko o ka pepeiao Canal, a, ai pili aku ia me ka vestibular nā aʻalolo, e hele i ka uwapo, ai ka waiwai a pau, a me ka cochlear nuclei ma ka rhomboid fossa.

cochlear neuronal axons intersect a hana kīloi paʻewa loop. Na olona, i laila kaawale. A hapa uuku wale no na welau ma ka lalo Iegasaduha quadrigemina papa (midbrain). Ke koena hele i ka medial geniculate kino i loko o ka diencephalon a medial thalamic nucleus.

koena kuleana pili i

No ka mea koena o ke kino ma ka makahiki i ka hele, a ma koena mea i kuleana vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo. Ka hoʻokukeʻana kona innervation mai ka uninitiated e i aback me ka hōʻoia 'ana i kēia kuleana pili i pono synchronous hana ana i na wahi he nui o ka ua'emi ko kahua.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka vestibular i hoʻomākaukauʻia ka mea i kekahi haawiia manawa e kālailai i ka oihana o ke poo ma ka makahiki, a hoʻomaʻa i ke kulana o ke kino a me ka Muscle leo. Hui, kēia kuleana no ka koena, mea e pili ana i ka Kimi ma ka waena pepeiao, a ho ekolu intersecting Kanal ka'ololaha, elliptical a me ka mea hope spherical sacs. Loko kēia mau hale a ua hoonoho iho la no hoi na lauoho i nā ikepili koʻikoʻi i ka loli ma ka poo kulana, angular a me ka laina hoʻonui, a me nā loli i ka umekaumaha.

Mai sensory lauohoʻike ākea keʻano o ka hanaʻana o nā neurons i hoouna aku ai i ka vestibular paena, Aia ma ka lalo o ka kino iwi. Komo i ka lolo waiwai, ke aʻalolo ua kauoha ia i ka rhombus lua i ka vestibular nuclei. Mai ke alahaka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o nā neurons oko i loko o ka spinal kaula (i na nuclei o ka anterior pu), cerebellum (cortex ilo), thalamus (vestibular nucleus) a me ka reticular kahua (nucleus o cranial nā aʻalolo). Kēia hale i ke kino launa pane e stimulation o ka vestibular mea loaʻa. Nā 'ike mai, mai ka subcortical hale i loko o ka wahi o ka waena a me ka emi iki mahope o ke kino gyrus, ma ka waena konu o ka Hawaii oihana, i ka piko o ka nohona ma pā lonoaʻili a me ka kino XML waena.

lohe noiʻi

He aha e pono ai e hana, e ike ina ko lakou kuleana pili i hanaʻia pono vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo? Kona mau lala, i kaawale. I ka lohe ana Research alakai ENT kauka, neurologists, psychiatrists, a pela no ka ia no nā mea a pau i ka hana e ho'āʻo ai i? Ac?.

Ua pau hoʻomaka me ka hālāwai hoʻolohe manaʻo ho'āʻo mea. Maʻamau, pono i ka mamao o ka elima mika, e lohe kakau kekahi kanaka i ona lā Hāwanawana olelo ana. Lohe poho a me ka nele o ka mea hiki i ole wale lilo o ka mea ma waho paha waena pepeiao, akā, i maloko. He nolaila, nui e maopopo i nā kumu o ka maʻi.

1. Schwabach ho'āʻo ua muli i ana i ka lōʻihi o ka iwi conduction. Camerton nā a kau ma luna o ka mastoid iwi ma ke kua o ka pepeiao. Inā ka hoʻomanawanui 'aʻole i lohe i ke kaniʻana, a laila i ka pilikia - i loko o ka pā pepeiao, akā, inā ua lohe hou ma mua o pono i ke kaniʻana, i ka pathology mea i loko o ka pauku waena o ka mea kālailai.
2. Rinne ho'āʻo huai ae i ka likeʻole ma waena o lewa a me ka iwi conduction. Hookomoia (tuning fork) kau ma luna o ka mastoid iwi, a me ka hoʻomanawanui ua noi e olelo aku ia ia e hou e lohe i ke kani. Ke koʻi lipi ua hoololiia no ka pinna. Ma ka hihia ma ke ahonui mea ola, e nō e lohe kani.
3. Weber hōʻike. Puhi iho ho'ā '(tuning fork) kau ma luna o ka piko kahi o ke kanaka, a me ke kauka ninau mai, aʻaoʻao ua lohe pono i ke kani. Inā ke hoʻomanawanui i ka 'ai kaʻaoʻao ahonui, keia olelo ma ka lokomaikai o ka wati waena pepeiao poino, a ina he ola, pilikia - i loko o ka pā pepeiao.

Loiloi 'ana o equilibrium

Vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo mea i kuleana no ke koena, no laila, neurologists ma noniakahi nana pinepine Kauai i nā ho'āʻo ma, e kaha i ka hoʻomanawanui ka ia'ku:

1. Romberg ka ho'āʻo - kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole koho. Ke hoomanawanui Ua noi e kū i ka pono ai i na wawae e ma ka ia laina, a hoomaha iho la i ke kuekue wawae o kekahi wawae i ka lua o ka manamana. Hands E e hoʻoneʻe hookaawale ole mea i mua. Ke kauka laila, noi e hana i kekahi mau kapuai aku mua me kou mau maka, a laila papani. Naueue wale no hoi o ka gait i loko o ka lua o ka hihia pili i ka pahale pepeiao pōʻino.
2. Hoʻokolohua Mittelnaera. Ke hoomanawanui hele kekahi ma luna o ka honua i kona mau maka paa me. Inā he mea he ole no ka vestibular i hoʻomākaukauʻia, a laila, i nā la oia e huli ma kaʻaoʻao o ka ipu ahi.

Lanakila cochlear lala

Make vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo ma ka paena kuleana no ka aaioee auditory lāʻau ikiʻai wale i kekahi lapaʻau hoike ana. Aia nō nā hoʻoholo nā koho:

- kani conduction kue, a lawelawe poino lohe (waena pepeiao maʻi);
- sensorineural lohe lilo i lesions o ka pā pepeiao.

I ka mua hihia ke kumu aku ana paha e hoʻoʻino, a neoplastic'aʻaʻa sclerosis maʻi. hiki i ka lua oʻano maʻi i hoʻoʻinoʻike manaʻo, neuroma, a me ka 'ona ka lolo ioauoa ma nuclei wahi walu o ka cranial nā aʻalolo.

Clinically ka mea, ua hoikea mai oia, hoopii e pili ana i walaʻau i loko o ka pepeiao, headache, mau emi ma ka loheʻana. Inā ka pathological kaʻina hana i loko o ka lolo ka pūhaka, ka mea e hoʻomanaʻoʻia ai e lilo oihana a me ka moku e nā aʻalolo, e like me ka vestibular, lehalehu t a me ka trigeminal. Oia commonality o symptoms kapaia "alternating hemiplegia."

I ka make ana o ka vestibular

Pathology vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo i ka vestibular lālā hapa, e hoike mua iho pōniuniu, nausea (i kekahi manawa ka luaʻi) a me ka nystagmus. Kēia nā aʻalolo He hapa kuleana no ke kahua o ka'ōnohi a poʻopoʻo ka wā i ke kulana o ke poo, no laila, i kona make paha e ka wā o ka loli ma ka maka o ka neʻeʻana. ʻo ia kai kohola ana papamoe, a vertical jerks.

Eia hou, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka lolelua ka ana, 'a nele oia i ka straddle (like ma luna o kekahi moku ma ka owili) ma ka mea e mālama i kona kaulike, a mau kanaka hoʻoponopono i ko lakou mau wawae. Nolaila, ua kanaka i ke kauka ke paipai i kaʻike, i ka manawa ia e hele mai i loko o kana oihana.

Neuroma vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo

Innervation vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo paipai i ka mea uhi ka puluniu wahi o Schwann keena. Kēiaʻano o ka'īpale i ke aʻalolo impulse ua i hoolilo i ka'ē aʻe olona. Akā, mai ka aeea membranes, ma ka pohihihi keia hihia (hoʻokahi haneri tausani) ke ulu i ka benignʻeho.

Ua hoike mai ai ia ia lohi a me, like me ka rula, i ka wa a kaʻeho i mua i hiki aku ai i ka nui ka nui. E hoomanawanui i ohumu o ka lohe poho ma kekahiʻaoʻao, pōniuniu,ʻeha i loko o kaʻaoʻao o ka maka, a me ka alo o ka comorbidity lehalehu a me abducens. Keia; ua hoikeia mai olelo impairments, hihia i loko o kā lākouʻahaʻaina. Kaʻeho compresses na nā aʻalolo, i kumu no ka? Aaieou kūpono.

Inā hele mai neuroma mai nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, i ka hoʻomanawanui ua? Aeiiaiaoaony i kekahi, e like me ka aaiaoe ninaninau no ke alo o ka neurofibromatosis (he hereditary connective'aʻaʻa maʻi). Iapaau ana mea IeAUPIIe, IAa IOʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau.

Meniere ka maʻi pale

Vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo hiki ke poino kahiko o ka'āina i loko o Meniere ka maʻi. Iho i ka pathology pili me kaʻole? Iecaianoaaiiuo a me outflow o ka loli i loko o ka pā pepeiao. Her oversupply e ukuhi i puʻe ma ikepili koʻikoʻi no hoi na lauoho, i hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o disequilibrium.

Hoikeia mai ho'āhewa wale o ka vertigo pu ma ka tinnitus, a me ka manao o ka nui ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole ia ma. Eia hou, e hoomanawanui i ohumu o ka holumua ai hālāwai hoʻolohe manaʻo me keia poho. E like me ka maʻi progresses, symptoms worsen, a i e mai ai i ua kanaka ma ke kāʻili 'ana i hiki ole kiʻi mai o ka moe, a huli i kou poo.

ua hoemi ia ke kokua ana o discomfort lapaau i ke kaua a me ka loaa ana kiaha dala ma lucidʻanuʻu. Inā makeʻe kulana lapaʻau 'aʻole i kōkua i akoakoa ai i drastic mea, a luku aku vestibular Kimi a kea lala o vestibulocochlear nā aʻalolo.