Viktor Gyugo: A Kawaihae a me ka hana

'Aʻole pono i e e he aloha nui o ka moʻokalaleo, e ike i ka mea Viktor Gyugo. Kawaihae a me kana hana, aka, he nui loa o ko mākou mau kama'āina i wale nō i loko o kekahi mau hua'ōlelo. A nae ka mea, o ka mea kākau, me ka i ia mea hiki ole e hoi i noonoo ai i ka Palani moʻokalaleo o ka 19th kenekulia. Viktor Gyugo, he pōkole Kawaihae a me kaʻike hoʻokumu o i i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kēia 'atikala - kekahi o ka mea nui loa pilialoha Palani theoretician a me ka luna o ka romanticism i loko o kona aupuni. Kana hana mea kupaianahaʻano a me ka versatility. A me ka haku mele, a me ka playwright, a me ka novelist, a me ka palapala, ai 'manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me ka mea kākau - a pau Viktor Gyugo. An hana hoihoi Kawaihae o kona kaumaha i kou noonoo.

Kumu a me ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi Victor

Makahiki o ke ola mākou e hoihoi i loko o ka mea kākau - 1802-1885. Ma Besançon, Pepeluali 26, 1802 Ua hanau Viktor Gyugo. Pōkole Kawaihae o ia, no laila, hoʻomaka i kēia lā. Kona makua kāne i ka haku kamana Shop. Ma na makahiki o ko Napoleon ka noho aliʻiʻana,ʻo ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ia mau. Ke keiki ka makuahine, ma ka kekahi lima, inaina Napoleon, a ua ikaika loa lakou royalist. Ua ua ike ia Hugoʻohana pinepine hoʻoneʻe mai wahi aku ia wahi aku. Victor a me kona mau makua i noho ai no kekahi manawa ma Sepania. Family Wāwahi ma Madrid ma hope o ka haule ana o Napoleon. Ma keia kulanakauhale, Victor ka makua kāne i ke alii kiaaina ana. Ma hope o ka oki mare, ke keiki hoalaia ma kona makuwahine.

Ka mua hana

Poetic tālena Victor Ala i kakahiaka nui. E like me hoomaka ae la he teenager e kākau Viktor Mari Gyugo. Kona Kawaihae ua hoailono aku la i kakahiaka nui iaia ia hana poem a me odes. Ka mea i ike i ka wanaʻao me 1815-16, niioaaonoaaiii. I loko o kēia mau makahiki, Victor ua eo i loko o nā Competition lawelawe 'ia e ka Toulouse Academy. Hope, o kana hana i ua 'ike a me ke Aupuni Royal. I ka makahiki 1822 a hiki i ka ohi mua ana o poetry Viktora Gyugo "Odes a me Nā Mea Likeʻole poem". Ua Ua hanaia i loko o ke kaila o ka classicism.

? Ac? O Romanticism i loko o nā hana o Victor Hugo

Ua pono e olelo mai ia Viktor Gyugo i loli loa koke classicism. No koke i Hugo loaʻa mai o ke kahua o ka apprenticeship, hoomaka ae la oia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka neʻeʻana i ke kulana o na Romantics, timidly ma mua, akā, ma hope o ka manawa, ua hooholo mua. Eia naʻe, Hugo ka Ana Aina, Huli mai ka outset hahai ma hope romanticism. "O nā hōkū Icelander", me kona mau mua puke, hanaia i loko o 1821-22 makahiki., Ua ike maopopo ana i keia. Viktor Gyugo i kona mau lua o puke ma ka 1826. I ka hana a ua kapaia "pilikia Jargal." Ua ua hoike o hou māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana ma luna o nā kūlana o ka romanticism o ka mea kākau, Victor Hugo. Kawaihae i kona wā e hiki mai makahiki paha ma ka hooulu ana i loko o kēia ao. Ma ka hana "pilikia Jargal" Victor ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka uprising o kauāʻeleʻele.

"Odes a Mele"

Hugo mihi i loko o ka mahinaʻai o poetic kaila ua, he mea kēia e puku i ka'ōlelo o ke kanaka Emotions manao dominance ma ka panina poem. Hugo manao, e haawi i na mea e nani ai, a i aie mai i ka pili kūpono loa o ke kahiko. A puni ka mea ia manawa,ʻo ia hoopii, a me ka Mele, a i manaʻo like me ka pilialoha Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo loa mahalo i loko o kēlā mau makahiki. Collection Hugo "Odes a me Mele," ikea mai i ka 1826. ka loa inoa o ka puke i mea kamaʻilio e pili ana i kona hoʻololi. Ode, i mea maikaʻi loa 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke o panina poetry, hiehie ia me ke Mele, ano o ka pilialoha moolelo.

Ka mua hana keaka hana Hugo

Romance ma ka hopena o 1820s hoomaka ae la e uku nui noonoo i ke keaka, e noho i ka manawa ma lalo o ka noho aliʻi o nā aliʻi Classicism. Viktor Gyugo i kākau ai no keia mea, "Cromwell" kona hana keaka mua i ka 1827. Kēia pilialoha-mōʻaukala hana olelo o ka bourgeois kipi i loko o 'Enelani i ka 17th kenekulia. Cromwell, kona alakaʻi, hōʻike he ikaika kanaka. Naʻe, ka mea, ua wehewehe aku ma ka ponoʻokoʻa, like a pau huapalapala hana i loko o ka? Aieao o classicism. Cromwell lūlū ihola ke aliʻi,ʻo ia manao e hoʻololi i ke kipi, a lilo i ka mō'ī. 'Aʻole wale nō i ka hana ia iho, akā, i ka hoike ana i ka hana keaka i loaa ke kaulana nui. Viktor Gyugo ka mea, ho'āʻo e hoʻohui i nā papa o ka moolelo o ka hooulu ana o ka honua moʻokalaleo, e hōʻike ana i ka lanakila o ka romanticism ku i Hawaiʻi nei. He hooku iho la ia i ka polokalamu holoʻokoʻa he hou ka ao ao.

"'Ākia"

I keia manawa, he nunui-faceted makakū laulima Victor i launa pinepine '. Ke ohi "'Ākia", iʻikeʻia ma ka 1829, lilo i maopopo nui kekahi hanana. 'O kēia ka mua piha ohi o pilialoha poetry, Hugo i hana mai i ka inoa maikaʻi me he poʻokela lyric.

Ua pono e mai la oia i ka hana ana o Hugo me ka poe lawelawe ma ka ke nānāʻano o Huli. Like ana hula nā Ka Ana Aina, a me ka poetry, a me ka hana keaka Viktor Gyugo. Kona Kawaihae, nae, paipai i ka mea, ua mua a me ka poʻokela i ka haku mele.

hou hana keaka

Like no ka hana keaka o ka mea kākau, kona ideological maʻiʻo hele hoʻi a hiki i ka hopena o ke kaua o ideologies o na 1820s, like hoʻi me hanaia ma ka makahiki 1830, JulyʻOiʻenehana. Romantic hana keaka Victor, he pono ole me ka lawelawe a me ka mau nīnūnē. Ua kokua aku i ka holomua pono kīvila a me ideals o ka mea kākau.

Ma muli dramas Hugo i hana i loko o 1829-39 makahiki. (Koe no ka "Lucrezia Borgia" i ka 1833), ka mea i manao e halawai me na makaainana kanaka me ke aupuni mō'ī a me ka feudal aristocracy ( "Marion Delorme", "Maria Todor", "ke alii o ka leʻaleʻa," "kekeka Bla" a me kekahi poe e ae.).

"Notre Dame de Ka Paris" (Viktor Gyugo)

Kawaihae wā e hiki mai makahiki mākou e hoihoi i loko o ka mea kākau o ia i ka muli o na mea he nui hou huahana. I ka lua o ka hapalua o na 1820s i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Farani moʻokalaleo - i ka noho alii ana o ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke like me ka mōʻaukala puke. Ke huahana o Viktora Gyugo "Notre Dame de Ka Paris", kukulu ai i ka makahiki 1831, o kekahi o ka kiʻekiʻe e piʻi like ana o ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke. Ka puke lewa i ka mōʻaukala o Farani. Ke huahana Ua loaʻa a me ka pili nīnūnē e pili ana i ke kahua ma ka aina i ka palapala o ka buke.

Na hana o ka weuweu 1820-1840-ies

I ka pau ana o 1820 hoʻomaka o ka makahiki 1830, - i ka manawa o kekahi makakū haʻawina, a hiki no i prolific mea kākau, Victor Hugo. Pōkole Kawaihae o kona manawa, e like me ka expulsion o ka wā (1851 a hiki i ka makahiki 1870) ia i ka hoʻokumu o keʻano o kekahi mau hana. Hugo nui i ka pilialoha hana keaka, hana ma ka Ana Aina, a me ka poetry. I ka 1830s, a kakahiaka nui 1840s, Hugo hana 4 hoiliili ole o ka poetry. I ka 1836 i ikeia'ku "Akuma ka lau," i ka makahiki 1837 - "Songs o ka wanaʻao", i ka 1841, - "Na kukuna a me ka Pua" a me ka "pahale Voices". A ua haʻalele elua-ka leo ohi "Contemplation" i ka 1856, haawiia keia mua a hiki i ka wā o ka expulsion.

Ke au o ka pio

Viktor Gyugo Hoʻoholo ihola e haʻalele Farani ma hope o ka makahiki 1848 FebruaryʻOiʻenehana, i ukali ia e Louis He Hoikehonua lilo i ka dictator. Hugo hele aku i loko o ke pio. Victor i noho ai ma luna o ka mokupuni, aia i loko o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia Channel. E denounce ma mua o ka honua i ka pili aupuni adventurer Louis He Hoikehonua, a me kona karaima? Eia, ia manawa i ka makahiki mua o ke pio,ʻo ia i hana i ka puke "Napoleon Small". I ka makahiki 1877-78 ua he huina hoonui o ka "Moʻolelo o ka hewa", a mea he denunciation chronicle o ka coup d'etat ia i wahi i ka MH 1851.

Outlook Viktora Gyugo i hope i hanaʻia i loko o ka makahiki o ke pio. Eia, ma ka mokupuni o Jersey,ʻo ia i hana i ka makahiki 1853 i ka ohi ana o "Maps", noʻonoʻo i ka mea maikaʻi i loko o ka poetry kālai'āina o Hugo. Ma mua kilohi, ia mea he kaleidoscope o caricature kiʻi, a, e hoohuli mai i ke ola. Naʻe, i loko o ka ohi i kona mau semantic laina, e like me ka nui kiʻekiʻe o ka 'ehaʻeha o stress. Ka mea, lawe mai la lakou heterogeneous mea i loko o ka pau, a kauoha huahana.

Viktor Gyugo Ua 'Imi hoʻolaha a me Ana Aina, Huli i iho ko lākou noho ma luna o ka mokupuni o Jersey. He hana ekolu novels. I ka 1862, ua ikea mai "Les aku ko oukou poino", i ka 1866 - "Toilers o ka Sea", a ma ka 1869 - "Ka Man Who kaʻaka". I ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like o kēia mau hana o ka theme like ana o na kanaka.

pili aupuni ha awina

Ua pono e olelo mai ia Victor ua kaulana ole wale me he haku mele a me ka mea kākau, akā, i like me ka nohona a me ka pili aupuni activist. He 'Imi imi e hoʻololi i ka hana ana o ka hanana ma ke ola ana o ko lakou aina. I ka 1872, Viktor Gyugo i hana i ka ohi i kapaia "weliweli makahiki". He Heʻano o poetic chronicle o nā hanana lono kaumaha o 1870-71. A lohe o Farani i kuleana i loko o ka Franco-Prussian War.

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

A hiki i ka makahiki hope o kona ola ua i pio i ka ha awina o ka mea kākau. Ma ka hope wā o kona hana hou i ka hahai ana i hoiliili ole o ka poetry, a poem: i ka makahiki 1877 - "Ka no o i ke kupuna kāne", i ka 1878 - "Ka Pope", i ka 1880 - "hoki", i ka 1888-83 - "a pau na kaula o ka lyre," a me na mea e ae.

Ka mea kākau i make i ka 1885, ma ka 22 May. Palani lehulehu ike i kona make ana me he aupuni pōʻino. Ka ike ana Viktora Gyugo hope huakaʻi hoomaka grandiose hoike ana. Ua Ua hele ma na tausani o ka poʻe.

Paa ia ma ka 'ōlelo Palani a me ka honua moʻokalaleo hana i i hanaia e Viktor Gyugo. Kawaihae, he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o kona mau puke i haku ai, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo e pili ana i ka mea kākau - pau keia ua ike i na mea he nui o ko mākou wā. Ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau, no ka mea, Viktor Gyugo ua e 'ike me ka Classic.