Volga Federal District: i ka haku mele, mau mea, wahi

Hoʻomalu Russian Māhele aʻela,ʻaʻole wale nō ma luna o kū kaʻawale, nā panalāʻau e, wahi a me republics, akā, i loko o ke aupuni pekelala apana (FD). A nui o ka 7. He nui ka poe akamai i kuhikuhi i Volga Federal Apana. He aha nō ka i Kekahi Mau 'o ia ia kenekoa naehana? He aha kaʻokoʻa, mai nā wahi mai o ka Volga Pekelala District? Ano o kona waiwai, i ka nui a me ka hiʻona o ka mōʻaukala? Acaeoey o nā kūlanakauhale e e kūkākūkā i loko o kēia 'atikala.

He aha ka ka Apana Federal

Volga Federal District - hoʻomalu pa alima o Rusia, i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ka mihi ana o ke aupuni o ia kenekoa 'ole, mālama' ia i loko o ke kakahiaka 2000s. Ma ka papa o nā mea hoʻololi i hana 7 pekelala apana (FD), he houʻoihana - ka plenipotentiary Luna o ke poo o ka moku'āina ma kela a me keia o kēia mau ia kenekoa ē aʻei kūpono. Ua Ua manaoio aku i keia hoololi i manao e hōʻoia i kekahi mea e like ai ma luna o ka waiwai a me ka pili hoʻohui 'ana o nā wahi o Rusia. Mihi i mua ma ke au o ka ho okumu ana o ka hou, okoa mai ka Soviet loina o ka hoʻomalu'ōnaehana, federalism kŘkohu.

Ka moku'āina, e like me kekahi poe akamai i manaoio, hiki ole hiki olelo: e haawi aku i ka aina hou ku okoa ana, a centralize hooponopono ma Moscow. E like me ka hopena, ua hua mai la i kaʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai: ua hoʻoholo ihola e hana hou hoʻomalu hale a ma waena o ke kapikala a me na kanaka o ka Hui. Ua huli mai ia i ka wahi, ma ka kekahi lima, he loa kuokoa, ma ka 'ē aʻe - i koiia e like me ka pono o kokoke kanaka o ka Hui, a eia i loko o ka hookahi apana.

Noʻonoʻo loi o ka'ōnaehana o pekelala apana

Ke Lūkini poe akamai i lewa manao e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka hooponopono ia kenekoa huahelu, a i administratively maheleia Rusia. Volga Federal District - mea i koe. Loa pinepine i kēia mau mea nui o Hawaii i hoike ia ma ke kakahiaka nui 2000s, i loko o nā makahiki ma hope o kakahiaka o ka kalana'ōnaehana i hoʻolauna ma ka pelekikena. Kekahi o nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni - he discrepancy o keia Initiative, ka Peresidena o ke kumukānāwai kūmau. Ma 'ana, i loko o ka papa kānāwai o ka aina i olelo i ka olelo hooholo, e mihi i ka hoʻomalu-ia kenekoa nenoaiie o Rusia hiki wale ke nānā' ana i pekelala kānāwai, akā, i ka mea koho pelekikena kānāwai. Ia ka apana o ka hoonohoia'na o ka manawa e koho pelekikena paʻa. Kekahi wahi no ka i hoʻolohe i ka noʻonoʻo loi - Peresidena ka 'elele oihana i loko o ka pekelala apana. Ke Kumukanawai, ka mea manaoio ka mea,ʻaʻohe'ōlelo ma ana i ka mana o ke poo o ka moku'āina hiki ke iho i loko o plenipotentiaries oihana ma ka nīnau.

Mihi o ka Kuhina o Kūloko Affairs o pekelala apana

Ma May 2014, Russian Peresidena i lawe mai i ka hapa mihi o ka'ōnaehana o ka lehulehu oihana i loko o ke aupuni pekelala apana. Ua hoopa iho la i ka hale a o ke Kuhina o Kūloko Affairs o Rusia. Ma ka Apana Pekelala a pau i ka papa kuhikuhiE hooponopono (SU) o ka Kalaiaina Kuhina. Aupuni hoʻoholo ihola e ho'ēmi i kēia mau kulana like me ka hopena o kekahi aupuni olelo hooholo, e kau aku i ka i kā mākou helu o nā limahana o ke Kalaiaina Kuhina, kona hana a ua hoʻolako 'ia mai ka moku'āina Bedroom - 1 miliona 113 tausani 172 kanaka .. E like me ka hopena, malalo no o ka abolition o ke Kuhina i loko o ka Apana Pekelala (Ma waho aʻeo ka ka Research Affairs o ka Russian Hui i loko o ka North Haole Pekelala District). Main Keʻena o Kūloko Affairs i loko o ka Volga Pekelala Apana, e like me like hale i loko o ka Hōʻole akula Hikina, Siberia, ka Urals, i loko o ka Center, South a me North-West Rusia i hoopauia. Ua loko ke koʻokoʻo o kēia mau oihana, mai ke koʻokoʻo, a ua i undergo hou-loiloi, i ka hopena o ka a, e hooholo i wā e hiki mai kā lākou hana.

ia kenekoa 'ole

He aha ka mea kupaianaha Volga Federal District? Mua o nā mea a pau, i ka nui loa i ike ia kanaka noho. Most nui na kulanakauhale o ka Volga Pekelala District: nani, Samara, Kazan nani, kaʻao Nizhniy Novgorod, Perm a me Ufa hoʻokipa. Eia hou kekahi, he pono nui helu o ke aupuni pekelala kanaka a pau o acee? Iuo oeiia i loko o kona haku mele 'ana. E helu i ka nui. Mau mea o ka Volga Pekelala District - he Kirov, Orenburg, Samara, Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov a me Ulyanovsk. E like me kekahi hapa o ka Apana, he 6 ke aupuni republics: Bashkortostan (kapikala - Ufa), Mordovia (hoʻomalu waena - Saransk), Tatarstan (ke kumu nui kūlanakauhale - Kazan), Mari El (kulanakauhale nui, o ka Lepupalika - Yoshkar-Ola), Udmurtia a me Chuvashia (ma ke poʻo - Izhevsk a Cheboksary niioaaonoaaiii). Ka Volga Federal District ua haku o like Perm.

hoʻokele waiwai

Volga Federal District, i lilo kekahi hapa o kekahi mau megacities, a me nā kumu waiwai i-waiwai wahi, o ka alihi kaua i waena o nā District i ka hua'ōlelo o hanalima-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a hiki imua o Central, kahi malaila o Moscow. Main nāʻoihana - mīkini hale, wahie a me ka ikehu eiiieaena. Nā alakaʻi ma ka hana - Kirov māhele 'āina, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Mordovia.

A nui kaʻana like 'ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka Apana ua hana ma ka mahiai (oi loa aku hoi ma Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod wahi, i loko o ka Perm māhele' āina). malamalama ka hana (Mari El, Penza māhele) ua pono ke kino. Hoʻokele waiwai District, e like me kekahi financiers, ana i ka māhele 'āina kekahi o ka loa uʻi no nā kānaka hoʻopukapuka kālā.

Muliwai a me ic ??

Ka Volga Federal District ua aia i loko o ke kīʻaha o ka nuiʻEulopa muliwai - i ka Volga. Ua hoʻomaka ma Valdai me ka uuku kahawai, a kahe ana i loko o ka Caspian Sea. Lōʻihi o ka muliwai -. Oi ma mua o 3.5 tausani ei. Volga catchment āpana - oi ma mua o 1,6 miliona sq. ei.

Ma ka Volga Pekelala District loaʻa nō i ka hailona o ic ??, kā lākou no kona hele ana ma na umi o na tausani. Ka hapanui o ia mau mea i loko o Tatarstan (ma kahi o 8 tausani.), Bashkortostan (ma kahi o 2 tausani.), I ka Chuvash Repubalika (750), e pili ana i ke tausani - i loko o ka Kirov'āina, 689 ua aia i loko o ke Aupuni Lepupalika o Mari El.

Kazan

Wahi o ka Volga Pekelala District ka loa mua. Kazan - kekahi o ka mea nui oo? Aacu o Rusia, kekahi o Rusia ka loa kaulana kūlanakauhale i loko o ke ao nei.

Makahiki o ka hookumu ana o Kazan, e like me ka nui maliu hulikoehana hōʻike - 1005 la. City Ua i waho e like me ka kaua o ka Volga Pulakalia. No ka mea manawa mua i loko o Lūkiniʻoihana aliʻi i oleloia Kazan i ka 1177. Ke kulanakauhale i kekahi o ka mea nui loa kalepa a me ka pili-oaio? A ana o ke Gula iā Goga. I ka 1438, ua loaa i ke kūlana o ke kapikala o ka Kazan Khanate. I ka 1552 ko kulanakauhale i lanakila ma ke kaua Ivana Groznogo, a hoohui ia Rusia. lilo I 1708 la oia i ke kapikala o ke Kazan aina.

I kēia lā, i kēia kūlanakauhale - kekahi o ke ki i ka hoʻokele waiwai Lūkini, ka mea kaulana ethno-moʻomeheu waena. Ka Kailua Kona hoʻohuiʻia i ke kulanakauhale me ka nui localities ma Rusia, a ma kahi e aku. Ma Kazan, loaʻa nō kokoke a pau ano o ka lehulehu amo, a me ka Metro. Ke kūlanakauhale ka wahi i luna o 100 nationalities. Official 'ōleloʻaneʻi - Russian a me Tatar.

Kirov

Kirov - i kekahi kulanakauhale me ke kiʻekiʻe loa entrepreneurial haʻawina. E like me ka helu o ka Institute o System Haʻawina hana aʻe o loko o 2012 Kirov māhele 'āina i lilo i alakaʻi ma keʻano o nā hoailona. Ma 'ana, ka aina koko aliʻi kiʻekiʻe mai mua ma ka helu o nā pāʻoihana liʻiliʻi no 100 tausani ka heluna o ka poʻe -. Mea 220 huahelu. Kirov māhele hookūlana mua i loko o ka helu ana o kanaka e hana ana ma ka liʻiliʻi pāʻoihana. I ka nui o ka waiwai kūʻai i loko o ke kapikala o nā pāʻoihana liʻiliʻi no capita Ua oi ma mua o nā hahauʻana ma luna ma mua o ka Lūkini awelika (oi - wale nō i loko o ka Penza māhele 'āina).

Kirov kulanakauhale kekahi mau haneri makahiki. Makahiki o kona kumu - 1181 la. A 1457 ka mea iʻikeʻia me Vyatka, a 1781-la - pehea Khlynov. ʻO kēia inoa o ke kulanakauhale i loaa mai i ka makahiki 1934. I Soviet manawa, Kirov Ua manaoia kalaka nui-paʻa hooponopono o ka helu nui o nā hana ke aupuni 'i loko o kona pale kaiaulu. Ano, i ke kulanakauhale i hamama i ka poe hoaai, mai Rusia, a mai ka'āina'ē.

Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod - ka nui kūlanakauhale i loko o ka Volga Pekelala District a me kekahi o ka loa kaulana i loko o Rusia. Mea, ua hookumuia ia ma 1221 ma Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. o ka inoa o ka mana mua ma muli o ia i ka haʻahaʻa wahi me ka mahalo i Veliky Novgorod, ma ka lua o ka - ma ka pili ana i kekahi kulanakauhale a me ka ia inoa i mea ma luna o ka Volga. Iloko o ka Mongol-Tatarʻauamo i loko o Rusia, Nizhny Novgorod i ole no hoi ua kaulana. Akā, ma hope o ka poʻe komohewa i kipakuia mai o ka aina Lūkini, hoomaka ae la oia e hoʻoikaika i hoʻomaka koke, pinepine kaulana i loko o ka moʻolelo. Kekahi mau moʻolelo manaoio ia i ka wa o ka Nizhny Novgorod na'lii a (i loko o 1341-1392 makahiki) i ke kulanakauhale ke hoʻomākauaka no ke kūlana o ka Lūkini kumukuai, e like me ka mea i hiki ke paʻi me Moscow a me Tver. I ka 1612 i ka paia o ka Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin hoʻomaka o ka neʻeʻana o ka poʻe hao wale, alakaʻiʻia Minin a me Pozharsky, a hookuu mākou'āina, mai ka Polish-Lituania komohewa. I ka 1722, kona kanalima lā hoʻomanaʻo i loko o Nizhny Novgorod kaulana i ka Emperor Petero ka Nui. Here noho i ka Lūkini ano akamai Kulibin, Lobachevsky, Damaseko, Kuzhelev mea aʻo, kākau moʻolelo Ilyinsky hele Baranschikov. City kipa A. S. Pushkin. Kona nā manaʻo mai e hele i loko o ka iconic wahi ma Nizhny Novgorod,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o "Evgeniya Onegina" mokuna. Mai na 30s a ka'opi o ka USSR i ke kūlanakauhale i kapaʻia ma ka hanohano o ka mea kākau moʻolelo A. M. Gorkogo. Ano, Nizhny Novgorod - kekahi o na hanalima-oaio? A o Rusia. An Enduring mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu hoʻoilinaʻo ia ka mea i kaulana mākaʻikaʻi, a o ka haaheo o Nizhny Novgorod lakou ia lakou iho.

Volzhsky pôpeku huiwaina

Volga Federal District, ka haku mele 'ana o ka i ua hanaʻia e kekahi o e kahua i ka FIFA World Cup ka loa hoʻokele waiwai ulu wahi o Rusia e e mālama' ia ma 2018 ma Rusia. Mau kūlanakauhale FD, e lilo kekahi hapa o ka ai-kapaia Volga huiwaina - he conglomerate o ka noho, a e kūkulu e ainoeieoa no na ihoiho o ka Poʻokela Honua.

I waena o kēia mau kūlanakauhale Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Kazan a me Saransk. Ma na mea he nui o lakou i pôpeku aeuiiai ieaia? Hou mai kūikawā. Volga Pekelala District a me ke kūlanakauhale pela e eʻike,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o Rusia akā, i nā hualoaʻa a. Ua koe e e kūkuluʻia i loko o ka nani kahua pâʻani nei, a me ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka Competition.