ʻeleu tundra mea kanu

Ma ka akau o Rusia, mai Chukotka a hiki i ke kola Peninsula, a kŰlń ao tundra ciia. He He ana e hoomaemae ia, a lawe ole aku, aole hoi e emi - 14% o Lūkini ?? eoi?. Ma keia oo, he nui loaʻoʻoleʻa aniau. Winterʻaneʻi mau mai i 8 mahina, a me ka i koe manawa e kau mai ma luna o kekahi me a me ka pōkole ka luna hoʻomalu. A i loko o lulai (ka kaua mahina) i kaʻawelike mea wale 10 degere. Eia, i kekahi ua haohao paha paʻahau hau i haule iho ma ka waenakonu o ka wela. A i loko o kēia mau i hoʻohalahala hana kūpono kahu ai, e ola mahope aku o na mea kanu a me nā holoholona o ka tundra.

Kokoke i ka nui mokuna o ka tundra permafrost mea, he pono ole. A me ka'āina i loko o kēia mau wahi thaws ma ke kauwela, a laila, he lepo ka hohonu - 1.5-2 mika kiʻekiʻe, a me ka pinepine i emi. A hohonu ma lalo o kēia waiho paʻa paʻahau lepo. A me keia permafrost i mea kanu ma ka tundra i ka ikaika. A, o ka hopena mea i maikaʻi. Ma hope o ka pau koke o ka hau, me ka paa, i loko o ka lepo, aole ia i ae na aa e uluʻoi. Ka mea, i ia e oluolu me wale i ka luna, ahu iho o ka lepo. Nō hoʻi, permafrost Aʻole 'ae' ona mau e seep ia. A ia ka poʻea pau i na wahi lepo wai.

Kekahi tundra mea kanu i ke hakuloli i ka kūikawā malamalama pololei i - ka Polar lā. Kahi i loko o ke kau, i ka lā haʻahaʻa, akā, hoomalamalama puni ka uaki. A me ka mahalo i kanaka maoli kanu i ka ulu wa pono pōkole manawa e kiʻi lawa ka malamalama, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa,ʻaʻole mea liʻiliʻi kanu waena lakikū. Ke ka nui ana o ka malamalama ma ka tundra mea i oi aku, ma muli o ia i ka maemae a me ka mäliko o ka lewa o ka wahi. A ua hakuloli lea ia e like me ka hooloihi ae i ka lā kanaka maoli kanu, a pono ke kino.

Ke'ī mai, ma ka tundra loa maikaʻi no ke ola o ka luna, ahu iho o ka lepo. I mahana lawa 'aneʻi, a ma kahi haahaa, ahu iho o ka lewa, i mea e pili ana i ka honua. A me kēia mau papa elua hiki ke anaia wale he mau kenimika. No ia mea, ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i na mea he nui o na mea kanu o ka tundra o ka ulu haʻahaʻa, a literally flattened ma luna o ka honua. Lākou mau kumu nenoai uluʻano nui horizontally, aneane me ka hele ana. A i loko o kēia mau lakikū ulu i ka hailona o mea kanu, na lau o ka a i ohi ia ma o ka rosette, like hoʻi me nā mea a pau, kela waina keia mea kolo a laau uuku a me nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi. Lakou wale "aʻo" e loaa mai ka wela kahi kokoke i ka lepo i kā mākou pono, a ma ka mea ia manawa, e hana me ka ikaika i nā makani.

A me ka papa kuhikuhiE mea kanu o ka tundra - mea mosses a me lichens. Ka mea mau loa i ka hailona o? Ueony, a me ka manawa uhiia ka mea, me ka nui aouli o ana moena. Ka hapa nui o kēia mau mosses a me lichen pili ole wale me ka tundra. No ka laʻana, ua Bryophyta me hilokomium, plevrotsium, Kukushkin olonā paha lichens 'ano dia ka limu i loaʻa i loko o ulu lāʻau. Akā, loaʻa nō kekahi mau 'ano o nā mea kanu i e loaʻa wale nō i loko o ka tundra hiki. A pau o ia mea, e akakaʻi hoolilo tundra aniau. Kēia mau mea kanu ke pana aku au i ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o ka hau e like, a me ka ia.

Akā, tundra kanu mea ole pela monotonous. Ma kekahi wahi, i ka moena o ka limu, a lichen nāu kekahi limu ka pohopoho o. Ma nā wahi, e ulu ana ka hapanui laau uuku - Alpine bearberry, kuropatochya mauu, blueberries, Veronica. A kokoke i ka nahele-tundra ciia loaʻa nō scrub, oia hoi o dwarf birch a me ka wilou. ¶ A kokoke i ka nahele a me ka muliwai awāwa o ka permafrost, ahu iho o ka apana uuku naʻoi. Ka makani i loko o kēia mau mea, hoi, ua i like loa. A eia oe ke 'imi lāʻau e like me larch a me ka birch. Akā, i kēia mau mea kanu o ka tundra e loa walohia, kā lākou kiʻekiʻe mea i oi aku 6 mika.

A i loko o ke kauwela i loko o ka tundra loa pokole ua pua i nā okoa'ōniʻoniʻo, e like me poina-iaʻu-Polar Lanai, bluebells, dandelions, buttercups, saxifrage, a me na mea e ae. Mea kanu e ulu ana iʻaneʻi, ka hapanui evergreen a me perennial. Ka mea, e mai e pono ai i kela makahiki, e lilo makamae manawa no ka ulu a me ka hooulu ana, e like me ka distillation o na lau. Akā, e ulu lohi, lalau aku i kekahi mau millimeters no ka makahiki. He pū kokoke i ka haule ana 'aneʻi oo likeʻole hua e like me cloudberry, raspberry, lingonberry, cranberry a me ka blueberry.