Aaiaoe 'Aeʻa: walaʻauʻana waiwai o ke kaʻina

DNA hapa ma i ua ke aupuni 'ua kapaia i kekahi'ōewe locus. Ua hiki ke komo 'ē aʻe wale nō o aaiaoe' ike - alleles. Ma kekahi heluna kanaka, ma laila nō he nui helu o kaʻikepili hale. Pela ke kaʻana like 'ana o kekahi mau allele i loko o ka genome o ka mau heluna hāpai i ka inoa o ka'ōewe nä alapine.

I ka kekahi mutation alakaʻi i ka evolutionary loli o? Ueony, kona alapine (frequency) e ia i lawa ke kiekie, a me ka mutant allele mai ia e paa i loko o nā kanaka o kēlā me kēia hanauna. Me ka hōʻemi iki nui o kona loli mutational mea i hiki ke ho ololi i ka evolutionary mōʻaukala o meaola.

E allele alapine (frequency) ulu, e hana i kekahi mau aʻe - aaiaoe 'Aeʻa, Polenekia, a kūlohelohe koho.

aaiaoe 'Aeʻa - keia mea he kaulele allele ka ulu ana ma lalo o ka aoao o kekahi mau hanana e hui pu iho la, a i ka stochastic külana. Kēia kaʻina ua ua hoʻopili i ka mea i ole a pau kanaka i loko o ka heluna kanaka e komo i loko o nā'ōlelo. He ano loa o na symptoms a me nā maʻi i mea pohihihi keia, akā, ma muli o ka nele o ke koho hiki ke waiho i loko o ka 'ohana a hiki i ka holoʻokoʻa heluna o ka uuku nui no ka lōʻihi manawa. Kēia kumu ua pinepine ike i loko o ka uuku heluna kanaka, i ka helu o ka i mea ole oi aku mamua o 1,000 kanaka, no ka mea, ma keia hihia ka loa uuku Polenekia.

I mea e maopopo maikaʻi ka aaiaoe 'Aeʻa, ë he mähele wale o kēia mau kānāwai. Ma na wahi a ka allele alapine (frequency) o 0, ma ka olaa aku la hanauna ia, aole ia e lauwili ole. Inā e hiki 1, laila, ke olelo aku nei au i ka'ōewe i loko o ka heluna kanaka ua paa. Random aaiaoe 'Aeʻa, a mea heʻilihune o ka haka pono maila kaʻina me ka i ka wā hoʻokahi lilo o kekahi allele. Loa pinepine, hiki ke Hahai I keia kumu i ka wa a ka mutation a me ka poʻe Polenekia aʻole i paʻa nā loli i nā eiiiiiaiou o loci.

Mai ka'ōewe alapine (frequency) mai ka pili-directional ano, e ho'ēmi i kā ke 'ano o ka laha', a me maoli i ka likeʻole ma waena o ka kūloko populations. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i keia counteracts ka poʻe Polenekia, ma i kekahi pūʻulu o ka meaola kaʻana lākou mau alleles. E pono no hoi e olelo aku nei ia aaiaoe 'Aeʻa i aneane ole ia ma luna o ke alapine (frequency) o ke kanaka nā'ōewe ma nui populations, akā, ma ka liʻiliʻi, e hiki ia he kuleana evolutionary ololi. Ka helu o nā alleles ua hoʻololi dramatically. hiki e irretrievably nalowale nā'ōewe kekahi, a nui impoverishes ka aaiaoe ka nohona.

E like me he kumu, nui maʻi'ōkuʻu, ma hope i ka heluna kanaka i lawe mai kokoke koi no i kona mau poe. A, a pau kakou i'ālike kūpuna'ōewe. A laila? Anoe? Allelic 'ano e lako pono importation Manufacturers a me nā pū'āʻana hele e paipai i ka ulu ana oko ma ka aaiaoe kiʻekiʻe.

Lōʻihi hoike ana o aaiaoe 'Aeʻa ke kahea helehelena ihola ia hou heluna i ua hana mai wale i kekahi mau kanaka - ka ai-kapaia mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā kanawai.

Ua pono e olelo aku i na kumu hoohalike o ka genome ka kūkuluʻana këia biotechnology. Aaiaoe 'enekinia, - i kekahiʻano hana o keia' epekema, a leie aku oe e hoolilo aaiaoe ike. A pau keia'ōewe hoolilo e leie aku, e hana ana me ka? Ueo'ākeʻakeʻa mai, a haawi ole aku i ka waiwai i makemake meaola.