Acetic anhydride: waiwai, e hoʻomākaukau ai a me ka hoʻohana '

Anhydrides o carboxylic nāʻakika - nā huahana o dehydration o na nā lātoma. Kēia e wehewehe aku ma ka isomerism biosoedineny radicals. Ka wā hea carboxylicʻakika anhydrides loa mau hoʻohana nomenclature Home Land (e laʻa me, anhydride, aceticʻakika, maleic anhydride, etc.). Iloko o ka hou o carboxylic nāʻakika dehydrating konohiki (nō kāu phosphorus'okesaside) ia lŘlŘ lākou dehydration, kūpono ana ma ke kahua o ka carboxylicʻakika anhydrides.

Acetic anhydride: e hoomakaukau ai no

Ka inoa hui loaa hiki ke holoi kekahi mau aoao. No kona hoʻololi kemikala loa mau hoʻohana phosphorus'okesaside, i mea he loa ikaika dehydrating hope paha. He nui no hoi na ano no ka hoʻololi kemikala o anhydride. No ka laʻana, acetic anhydride hiki ke loaa ma lalo o ka hana o ka posapahate like me ka'ākekaʻakika anhydride. Ke anuanu maila kaʻina ua hou dropwise SN3SOS1 kekahi huna no huna dewatered a maloʻo loaʻakika-paʻakai'ākeka. Ua kūpono läÿau, Ua enaena moderately, a ua weheʻia ka synthesized acetic anhydride i loko o ke one auau, a laila hoomaemaeia ma ka distillation. E like me ka hopena o ka hana he ikaika honi wai'ākekaʻakika.

Acetic anhydride, a me ka haʻahaʻa-hakakino waiwai - wai a me ka pahi ala, kokoke insoluble i loko o ka wai, hooholo koke wailana ma na mea he nui ke aloha waiwai. It E e hoʻomaopopo i nā anhydrides o kiekie carboxylic nāʻakika (oi loa aku hoi ke kaupalenaʻana) - puaʻa hiwa odorless. Lākou nā kapuahi e wela me ka nui loa ma luna ma mua o ka like carboxylic nāʻakika.

Acetic anhydride: Nine kulai

Kēia hui ia olelo hoʻohana no ka nui kona mau lala o kekahi papa o ke aloha 'ona ma kāu kiʻina hana o ke aloha hoʻololi kemikala. Ma ka naoh o na anhydrides me ka wai, e haawi mau nā lātoma o ka likeʻakika.

Amonoliz anhydrides hiki aku ai i ke kahua o ka amides a me 'amoniuma paʻakai o ka like carboxylic nāʻakika. Nā reactions hoʻohana no ka loaa alkoliza me anhydrides nā mea kemika.

Acetal anhydride ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka dehydrating a acetylating hope paha i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie kaʻina atsetiltselyulozy, vinyl'ākeka, laau lapaau, dimethylacetamide, colorants, onaona waiwai, etc. 'ākeka aldehyde ua o keʻano ukiuki i ka ÷ naehana hanu'āpana, mau maka, a me ka i ili'ā.

Kelulose'ākeka loaa no i ka hana ma ka kelulose'ākeka anhydride ma ke alo o ka hōʻeleu (ʻakika sulphate). Kāpili acetylation hoomakaukau mono- a me ka kelulose diacetates. Di- a me ka kelulose triacetate hoʻohana i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o'ākeka silika. No keia mea ka mea, i mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka läÿau, o ka acetone a me ka ethanol (85:15) a ma ka maemae acetone. (Viscosity) pāʻoihana ua loaa i ua extruded ma kūikawā kānana. Lahilahi holehole mai ai o ka pāʻoihana e hoʻomaloʻo aku nō, a huli i nā huakaʻi, a i hoʻohana ai no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie oʻano o nā huakaʻi o kemikala olona.

Ka hanalima palapala noi i hoʻohana a me nā anhydrides. Maleic anhydride - mea pōaka waiwai, pono wailana i ka wai, a me ka acetone, heheʻe ma 52,85 ° C. Nō kāu, ua lako ua hoomakaukauia mai maleicʻakika. Hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o pesticides, polyester a me alkyd kēpau. Phthalic anhydride ua hua mai no a hiki i ka'okesaside o naphthalene. Ka hope ua hoʻohana no ka hoʻololi kemikala o ka ulu promoters, insecticides, e like me kekahi lapaʻauʻia. Phthalic anhydride - mea pōaka paa me ka mahele heheʻe i ka wahi o ka 128 ° C. I aku la o anhydride ua hoʻohana 'ia e loaa Phenolphthalein (anakahi a me ka medicament). Kēia anhydride ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana repellents (dimethyl phthalate).