Alexander Belyaev - hana o ka fiction a me Kawaihae

I ka 2014 Kahiamoe 130 makahiki mahope mai o ka hanau ana o ka mea kaulana Lūkini kākau moʻolelo Alexander Romanovich Belyaev. He poʻokela mea nāna i hana i kekahi o na Mamua o ka 'ano moʻokalaleo o ka' epekema fiction i loko o ka Soviet Union. O keia ka mea, he mea hiki ole i ke kanaka ma kana mau hana e hōʻike hanana e hana ana i loko o kekahi mau makahiki.

Ke kakahiaka nui makahiki o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

No laila, i mea Alexander Belyaev? Ke Kawaihae a kēia kanaka i loko o kona iho alodio, a hanana. Akā, ma ka Akä naÿe na miliona o nā kope o na hana o ka mea kākau, e, ua palapala i kona ola,ʻaʻole no ka nui loa.

Hânau 'ia Alexander Belyaev ha o ka loko o March 1884 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Smolensk. I ka ohana o ka Orthodox kahuna me ke keiki keiki attaches e aloha music, kiʻi, kūkulu i ka hoihoi i ka heluhelu hoike ia novels a me ka hoʻonaʻauao'ōlelo'ē.

Ua noho ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o kona makua kāne Kulanui ', i ke kanaka'ōpiopio e wae mai ai ia ia iho i ke alanui i loko o ke kanawai, ka mea he pomaikai maikai.

Ka mea mua a me ke kapuai ma ka moʻokalaleo

Hoʻolimalima i maikai i ke kālā ma luna o ka loio i 'oihana, hoomaka ae la Alexander Belyaev e e oi hoihoi i ka hana o ke akamai, ka hele ana a me ka hana keaka. He pū 'Imi pili ana i kauohaia ia ia, a me ka dramaturgy. I ka 1914, i kona Debut hula "Grandma Moira" i paʻiʻia ma ka "protalinki" Moscow keiki ka Magazine.

insidious maʻi

I ka 1919, tuberculous pleurisy ke wehe 'na mea kuka a me ka hana o ka wa opiopio. More o eono makahiki o ka hakakā i kēia maʻi Alexander Belyaev. Mea kākau 'īnea nei e puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i kēia maʻiʻaʻai i loko iho. Ma muli o ka lapaʻau hoʻokō 'ole' ia i hoʻomohala tuberculosis o ka spine, a alakai ai i ka lōlō o nā wāwae. E like me ka hopena, i ka makahiki eono ia i lilo i loko o kahi moe, i ka hoʻomanawanui malaila makahiki ekolu i loko o ka nou ana la o. Ka hoomaopopo ole'ōpio wahine no hoi ke olonā wāwae o ka morale o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. I loko o kēia wā ka mea, he hou ka carefree, e hauʻoli ana me kaʻoliʻoli Aleksandr Belyaev. Ua piha ka lono kaumaha minute o ke ola kona Kawaihae. I ka 1930, i ka make ana o konaʻeono-makahiki kahiko kaikamahine Luda, lua o ke kaikamahine Svetlana maʻi rickets. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o kēia mau hanana ano hoomainoino a me ka maʻi, tantalizing Belyaev.

Ma kona ola, MOKUNA VI No me kona maʻi, ke kanaka i loaʻa ka ikaika, a me kona bapetizo i loko o ke ao o ka moʻokalaleo, mōʻaukala, nā 'ōlelo a me ka laau lapaau poo.

Ka lōʻihi-kakali i ka pomaikai

I ka makahiki 1925, oiai e noho ana ma Moscow, he piʻi wale kākau publishes i loko o ka "hanakimi pepa" moʻolelo "Kumu Dowell ka Head". A mai ia manawa koke nō i nā hana Aleksandra Belyaeva massively mai i ike i ka manawa o ka Magazine "World pathfinder", "Knowledge - ka lalau wale," a me "Hanu O Ka Hanakeoki".

ʻOiaiʻo ia ma Moscow, ke keiki talena hana novels nui he nui - "Ka Amphibian Man", "ka Hope Loa Man mai Atlantis", "Island Mahaʻulepu" a me "E paio aku i loko o ka lewa."

Eia naʻe, i loko o ka hana Belyaev paʻi i ka nupepa "pio aku" a ua haʻalele lākou hoailona, a me na Soviet moʻolelo, e like M. Bulgakov, EP Petrov, IA Ilf, iluna Kataev, M. Zoshchenko.

Hope, ma hope o neʻe i Leningrad, oia kuu i ka puke "hana mana Eye", "papa anuʻu loa kai mahiʻai", "ka Haku o ka World", e like me nā moʻolelo o ka "hana o Kumu Wagner," a enthusiastically heluhelu a pau Soviet poe kanaka.

Ka hope lā o ke ola o ka novelist

I ka wā o ka Great Patriotic War, Belyaev ohana noho i loko o ka suburb o Leningrad, i ke kulanakauhale o Pushkin, a ua ma ka oihana. Hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia kino hiki ole ke ku i ka weliweli ka wi. Ma Ianuali 1942, Aleksandra Belyaeva ua hala. Native kākau moʻolelo ma hope o kekahi manawa i ua deported i Poland.

A hiki i kēia lā, e waiho i ka mea pohihihi i kona wahi i kanuʻia Belyaev Aleksandr, he pōkole Kawaihae i ka piha ana o kanaka paio ikaika no ke ola. Aka hoi, i ka hanohano o ka loea kākau moʻolelo ia i ka mea hoʻomanaʻo stele ma Pushkin ma ka Kazan ilina.

Roman "'Ariʻela" o ka hope hanaia'na Belyaeva, ka mea i paʻiʻia ma ka "Contemporary moʻolelo" koke ma mua o kona make ana.

"Life" ma hope o ka make

Ua Ua pio ka polokalamu no 70 makahiki mai ka Lūkini ua ole 'epekema fiction, akā, i ka hoomanao ana o na la e ola ana i loko o kana mau hana a hiki i kēia lā. I ka manawa, Aleksandra Belyaevaʻike hoʻokumu malalo i rigorous noʻonoʻo loi, i kekahi manawa, ua lohe derisive manaʻo. Naʻe, i ka manaʻo o ka 'epekema fiction i mua mea absurd a scientifically ole, e ho'ōla e hoohuli i ke hoʻololi i ka loa hoopaakikiia skeptics.

mea kākau o ka hana, a me kēia lā hoʻomau 'ia e hoolaha, ka mea, i loa i loko o ke koi ma o ka mea heluhelu. Books Belyaeva instructive, kana mau hana hea aku no ka lokomaikai a me ke koa, ke aloha a me ka mahalo.

Ma ka manaʻo, akä, o ka mea kākau i ka novels he nui nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni Film. No laila, au i ka pale o ka ewalu i pena i ka 1961, he hapa o na Classics o Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kekahi o ia mau mea - "Amphibian Man", "Ke Kauoha o Kumu Dowell," "Mahaʻulepu Island" a me "wahine kuai i ea".

Mōʻaukala o Ichthyander

Paha i ka hana kaulana loa o Ara Belyaeva mea he puke "Amphibian Man", i i kākau i ka makahiki 1927. ʻO ia ka mea, a me ka "Kumu Dowell ka Head" kokua mahalo i ka Gerbert Uells.

Ka hanaia'na o ka "Amphibian Man" Belyaeva ua paipaiʻia, mua, i ka hoomanao ana o ka heluhelu puke ma ka 'ōlelo Palani kākau moʻolelo Zhana Deʻo Ira "Iktaner a me Moizetta", a me ka lua, he nupepa' atikala e pili ana i ka hooholo ia i loko o Argentina lawsuit ma ke kauka hihia, a lawe mai ia wahi ho okolohua ma luna o kanaka a me ka holoholona. I ka lā, i ka inoa o ka Nupepa, a me nā mea kiko'ī o ke kaʻina mea aneane hiki ole i. Akā, ka mea, proves hookahi hou ia ma ka pili ana i ko lakou 'epekema fiction, Alexander Belyaev imi iho la e hilinai aku maluna o maoli ola kūʻikena a me nā hanana.

I ka 1962, na mea kuhikuhi; a me V.Chebotarev G.Kazansky Film "Ka Amphibian Man".

"Ka Last Man mai Atlantis"

Ua UaʻAʻole hele unnoticed i loko o ka Soviet a me ka honua moʻokalaleo, kekahi o ka mua na hana o ka mea kākau - "Ka Last Man mai Atlantis". I ka makahiki 1927, ua lilo i ka mea mua mea kākau o ka ohi Belyaeva me "Island Mahaʻulepu." Mai 1928 a hiki i ka makahiki 1956 i ka hana i poina, a wale mai 1957, ka mea, ua paʻi ma ka Soviet Union.

Ka manaʻo o loaa ia i ka nalowale ka noho o Atlantis ho'ā Belyaev ma hope o heluhelu i nā memo a pau i loko o ka'ōlelo Farani Nupepa "Le Figaro". Kona maʻiʻo ua like ia me ka Society no ka Study o Atlantis ola ma Palika. I ke kakahiaka nui iwakalua kenekulia, keia ano o ka 'ona e loa, he pono ole, ka mea loaa i ka māhuahua pono o ka heluna kanaka. Kēia a hoʻoholo i ka lawe i ka shrewd Alexander Belyaev. Science fiction mea kākau hoʻohana i ka leo me he prologue i ka "hope Man mai Atlantis". I ka hana a ua maheleia i mau apana, ua ike ia e ka mea heluhelu, ua hala loa na mea a me ka pīhoihoi. Ka mea no ka palapala o ka puke e holo pololei ana mai o ka buke o Rozhe Devinya "O Kela Me Keia me ka pelapela. Atlantis,ʻo ka hapaono o ke ao nei. "

Ai he mau wanana 'epekema fiction mea kākau

Ke kapakai a ka wānana o ka 'elele o ka ' epekema fiction, ia mea nui, e hoailona oukou i ka i hoʻomaopopo loa i ka 'epekema manaʻo o ka mea kākau moʻolelo Soviet Aleksandra Belyaeva puke ma ka 99 pakeneka.

No laila, i ke kiʻi i ka manaʻo o ka puke "Kumu Dowell ka Head" ua i ka manawa e revitalize i ke kanaka kino ma hope o ka make. Ma hope o ka makahiki kakaikahi ma hope o ka lehulehu ākea o keia hana, Sergei Bryukhonenko - ka nui Soviet physiologist, hua mai la i like ho okolohua. ka e piʻi like ana o ka hoʻomaopopo like lapaau i keia la -ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hoihoi hou ia ana o ka maka maka aniani - i maopopo aku Aleksandr Belyaev oi aku mamua o kanalima makahiki aku nei.

Ka puke "Amphibian Man" i wānana i loko o ka 'epekema kūpono' ana o ke kanaka lōʻihi noho ana ma lalo o ka wai loea. No laila, i ka 1943, Palani nä känaka 'epekema Jacques Cousteau Palapala Sila Nui i ka aqualung mua, ma laila ka hooiaio ana Ichthyander - ia mea,ʻaʻole pēlā unattainable kiʻi.

ʻana mua hoao o unmanned Honolulu kaa ma ka ke kanakolu o ka iwakālua kenekulia i loko o ka United Kingdom, e like me ka hana ana o psychotropic mea kaua - ka mea, ua pau 'epekema fiction i ho'ākāka' ia i loko o ka puke "Ka Haku o ka World" i ka 1926.

Ka puke "ke kanaka nana i nalowale maka" i kāna moʻolelo o ka holomua 'ana o ke eaʻoki kino, a ua kaua kipi ma ka pili ana i kēia mau pono nīnūnē. Ma ka moʻolelo, ke kiaaina o ka moku'āina transforms i loko o ka Negro, e lawe ma luna o nā kālā a pau o nā hui pili koko hoʻokae. Eia mākou ke kikoo aku i kekahi ia laua a hiki i ka hopena o ka meʻe, a'ī maila i ke kaulana Amelika mea hoolea Michael Jackson, ka mea,ʻauheʻeʻana lā mai ka poe pono ole na ka hoino anei, i ka nui helu o ka hana, e hoʻololi waihoʻoluʻu.

Ma kona makakū ola Belyaev aumeume ana me ka maʻi. Hoʻonele physical nā mea hiki, oia ho'āʻo e uku i ka meʻe o ka buke o nā hana nā mea hiki: e kamaʻilio me ka olelo, lele e like na manu, au maikaʻi ma mua o ia. Akā, e iho mailoko o ka mea heluhelu kuala i loko o ke ola, i kekahi mea hou - mea i keia mea i ke tālena oiaio o ka mea kākau moʻolelo?