Soviet kākau moʻolelo Valentin Kataev: Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu

Kataev Valentin Petrovich - he loa kaulana, o ka oi aku i loko o ka Soviet makahiki, kākau moʻolelo, kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, playwright, novelist, haku mele a me ka screenwriter. I ka 1974, no ka mea, o kona mau makahiki o ka palapala, ai hanaʻo ia i i hookoia ai ka inoa Hero o Socialist na Hana Lima. I kana mau hana i hana na mea he nui moʻolelo keaka wale-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, Film a me documentaries a me Cartoons. ʻike hoʻokumu Valentin Kataev ua 'āwīwī a me ka paʻa mau, ka mea lawe i ka loa e pono e loaʻa ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka' āhewa 'ana o ke aloha a me ka manaʻo kanaka.

wahi o lākou kūʻauhau

Omaka i Kawaihae o kēia kaulana mea kākau o ka pono a me kona, heʻe piʻoloke ihola lākou kūʻauhau. A ka mea, ke loaʻa he wahi lihi iki o ka hana hoihoi mea.

His paternal kupunakane - Kataev Vasiliy Alekseevich (1819 hanau) - i ke keiki a ke kahuna, a hahai aku la ia ma kona mau kapuwaʻi, oia mua puka 'o ia mai ka Vyatka Theological Kulanui' o, alaila, o ka Moscow Theological Academy, a ma ka hopena i ole Vjatskogo Archpriest o ka Hale Pule Nui.

Makua Valentin Petrovich - Kataev Petr Vasilevich - ua he loa hoʻonaʻauao ke kanaka, i ka puka mai ke Kulanui 'o, alaila, i ke Kulanui o History a me Philology Novorossiysk, a ho'ōla lilo i kumu cadets Odessa diocesan kula.

Makuahine - Bachey Yevgeniya Ivanovna - i ke kaikamahine a General o Poltava ka pae 'ohana.

Eugene Kataev (ka inoa Alia Petero ka makua kāne), ka mea hoi hope i lilo i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana - he kaikaina o ka mea kākau moʻolelo ua. Ma ke ala, Eugene - keia mea i ka loa Petrov, ka mea HI-no ka mea kākau i kākau ai ma Ilf kona kaulana hana "12 noho" a me ka "The Golden keiki bipi".

Valentin Kataev: Kawaihae

iluna Kataev Ua hanau ia ma Odessa i ka 1897, ma 16 Ianuali. Kona mau makua, ua hauʻoli hui, ka mea i ua loea keiki elua (i loko o ka wā e hiki mai Valentin a Eugene kākau). i ka hanau ana o kana keiki lua ma hope o Yevgeniya Ivanovna hina maʻi me ka pneumonia, a make iho la. Education a me ka malama ana o na keiki i i kona kaikuwahine, i auou caiaiai ia, a me kona makuwahine iho.

Lākou 'ohana ua unusually nui waihona piha me ka Classic, mōʻaukala, i maopopo kahi a me ka encyclopedic moʻokalaleo, i mea ai leʻaleʻa o Valentin Kataev. Kona Kawaihae Hōʻike i nā mākua heluhelu i ka puke 'ölelo i kā lākou poʻe keiki.

Ka mua hana

Love o panina moʻokalaleo i vaccinated keiki mai ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi. Kataev ia ia iho ma hope hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia i laila, ua manao ia oia e ia i ka mea kākau moʻolelo.

Kona mua poem "Akuma ka" i paʻiʻia ma ka ahakanaka "Odessa KA LAHUI" i ka 1910. Over mau makahiki ma hope ia paʻi 25'ē aʻe poem.

I ka makahiki 1912, i ka mua puke kātuna moʻolelo hoʻomaka e e paʻiʻia ma ka ia nupepa. A i ka Ia manawa hohola aku i ka lehulehu ākea o nā hookaawale bulk o ka moʻolelo - "malu huapalapala" a me "ala." Ka mua ua i ka satire ma Kuprin, M. Kornfeld, Averchenko, oiai ka moʻolelo lua o ka mea e pili ana i ke kanaka uʻi i ka aloha, ka mea i hoole no ia, mai ka hoʻokahuli aupuni neʻeʻana.

aloha

Ma mua o ka outbreak o World mea kākau Valentin Kataev halawai mai la me kana mau palapala, ai 'kumu IA Bunin a me AM Fedorov. A uuku hope noho alohaʻana me nā'ōpio kākau o Odessa Edward Bagritski a me Yuriem Oleshey.

He he kāpili kiʻekiʻe-kula hoʻonaʻauao no ka mea, o ka mea komo i loko o ka First World War, a me ka kaua kūloko, a laila, i loko o ka White neʻeʻana.

I ka 1915, ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka Army Valentin Kataev. Kawaihae, ua hōʻike anaʻo ia i mālama i loko o ka papa o ka palapala luna, i hoehaia,ʻelua hahauʻana, a loaʻa iā gassing.

I ke kauwela o 1917 ka mea kākau moʻolelo ma hope o kaʻeha ma luna o ka Lomānia alo i loko o ka haukapila ma Odessa. He Ua hookoia mau nā keʻa o St. George a me ka Papa o St. Anne IV «No ke koa". Me ka mea mua luna ka hoouka i ke kaua no ka piʻi like, ia i loaa ole hereditary aliʻi inoa.

hanaia'na

I ke kaua skate i loko o kona hoʻokoe manawa kākau moʻolelo a me nā pepa (essay) hoolilo i ke ola ma ke alo. Ma ka puke pai "ka a pau honua" i ka 1915 no ka manawa mua i loko o nā 'aoʻao o ka Moscow paʻi hale paʻi i kona moʻolelo "Niemczyk."

I ka papa kuhikuhiE a wale i kona kumu Kataev manao Ivan Bunin, ka mea ana i halawai ma Odessa, ka pakiko-ao mai la ia mea kākau A. Fedorov.

Civic

Ma hope o Odessa haukapila i ka 1918 Kataev loaʻa, e lawelawe i loko o ka poʻe kaua o Hetman Skoropadsky, a ma hope o kona betrayal a me ka defection ma Pelelina hele i ka hana manawaleʻa koa me ke ano o ka lua o ka lutanela. A laila, hookauwa aku la ia me he gunner ma luna o ka mea e kahiko ai kona hua lole "New Rusia" kaua aku Petliura ma ka Winery, a me kaʻulaʻula, - ma Berdichev.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka o ka hee i loko o 1920 ma Zhmerinka kona haule ana mai me ka typhus, a ia ia hou e kali ana no ka Odessa haukapila, a laila ka hale, nō maʻi a me ka nawaliwali, lawe ia i ka hale. Ma hope o kona hoola ana i lilo lola honua limahana luna kipi akula lākou iā PN Wrangel. Koke i hopuia, a me kona kaikaina o Eugene paʻa i loko o ka hale paʻahao a hiki i Sepatemaba 1920, a laila ka mea, i kuu, i ke koena o ka poe kipi i ka ia haule ana.

Moscow

I ka 1921, oia hana i loko o Kharkov hoʻopuka puke hale pu me Yuriem Oleshey a e hoʻolimalima aku i keʻena me ia. I ka 1922, Kataev hoʻoneʻe i ke kapikala, a hoomaka ae la e hana ana i loko o ka nūpepa "pio aku", i kona mau 'atikala a pau o ia manawa, he Humorous a me ka satirical ano, oia pūlima pseudonyms Mitrofan mākeke, Old Man Sabbakin, Ol. Ke Kai.

I ka wā o ka haku mele Osip Mandelstam i hopu i ka 1938, nona hana i aeia e ka Soviet Aupuni like libelous a me ka obscene, Kataev kokua mai i kona ohana kālā.

wartime

Ke kaua ku e fascist komohewa Kataev-aku manawa like me ka kaua correspondent. I ia manawa, palapala iho la oia pōkole moʻolelo, (essay), journalistic 'atikala. Kekahi o ka maikaʻi hana o kēlā mau makahiki i ka moʻolelo o ka "E ko makou Makua."

Ma mua o ka lanakila nui, i palapala mai i kona kaulana puke "Ka Tinder Box", a ma ka MH 1946 ka mea, e loaa no ka State uku.

Ma hope o ke kaua ua olokaaiaʻe kila hoomainoino nui ia lā o ka hana inu, ua aneane alakai i kona oki mai kana wahine mai o Valentin Serov. Akā,ʻo ia hoʻololi i kona manaʻo ma ka manawa, huki ia iho pu a hookanaka inu ana.

Valentin Kataev: Book

I ka wā mai ka 1955 a hiki i 1961 Kataev hoʻokumu "Hana" Magazine, a lilo kona hoʻoponopono ma luna. Here ia i kokoke mai i ka hana o keia manawa i ike ole haku mele opiopio akā loa i olelo mua iaʻi, a kākau moʻolelo, me ka ai-kapaia Sixties.

He loa oluolu, noonoo ole a me ka 'ōlelo maopopo No kākau kana mau hana, Valentin Kataev, ua lilo loa mahalo i kona mau buke. Ka pomaikai mua ua lawe mai ia i ka puke "embezzler" (1926), a laila, ua hahai ma "Squaring ka Circle" (1928), "Time, aku!" (1932). Ua E hoi e kaulana moʻolelo "Hemolele Well" (1965), "mauu oblivion" (1967) "Diamond koʻu leialii" (1975), "piha muliwai" (1986), etc.

No hoi i hana i ka hailona ana o na hana o Valentin Kataev na keiki a me ka wā'ōpiopio, maʻaneʻi ka mea, hoike hou facets o kana hana. I ke kakahiaka nui 40s hoomaka ae la oia e hoolaha i kona moʻolelo "Fife a me ka bākeke", "Golubok", "Tsvetik-Semitsvetik". A i ka makahiki 1945 mai ka helu ana "Zhemchuzhinka" a me ka "kumu", i ka loa wiwi, oia discusses pono nīnūnē.

Loa akahele a mālie lawe i ke keiki a hiki i ka pololei hopena a Valentin Kataev. Kona Kawaihae Ua mau, uaʻano nui e pili ana me kaʻike hoʻokumu. I ka 1926, ua hoʻomaka i ka hana i ka tetralogy "Black Sea Hawewe", a komo i ka moʻolelo "Lone White Ka Moku" (1936), "Catacombs" (1951), "ka aina i loko o ka wao nahele" (1956), "Winter makani "(1960).

Ma hope o Kataeva makemake e waiho i ka luna hoʻoponopono o "ka palapala, ai Nupepa", akā, i kekahi mea i ole ke kino. A laila, i ka 1966, ua i waena o 25 moʻomeheu na kii kakauinoa i ka palapala LI Brezhnev - ka laila luna o ka Soviet Union, e ku e ka hoʻopulapula o Stalin.

I ka 1979, o ka "New World" Ua paʻi puke "ano i kākau Werther" i loko o ka mea ana i hoike mai i ka malu o lākou komo i loko o ka White ka hele a me ka hopu. Kēia moʻolelo i loko o ke kaiāulu, kena ae la nui repercussions. Mea kākau i ka manawa ka mea, ua i loko o '83.

I ka pau ana o ke ola o Kataev Valentin Petrovich iʻoki kino,ʻo ia i hele ai i ka cancerousʻeho. Ma ka 90 la makahiki o ke ola, 12 April 1986, i hala aku i ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Kona kupapaʻu i loko o ka Novodevichy pā ilina ma Moscow.