Alfred Bester - ka haku nui o ka fiction

Alfred Bester ua i ka holomua screenwriter kīwī papahana a me ka Radio dramas, puke kātuna puke luna hoʻoponopono a me ka mea kākau. Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i nā piʻi like i loko o nā mea a pau i kēia mau mea, nui ka hoomanao ia ia i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka 'epekema fiction.

Hala a Bester?

Alfred i kekahi o na mau kākau i hoomaka kākau 'epekema fiction. Koke ma mua o kona make ana, 'epekema fiction kākau' Amelika Hui Bester i hookoia ka honorary inoa o "Luna Nui". I ka 2001, i ka inoa o Alfred Bester i ka papa inoa o ka "Hall of Fame".

Hânau 'ia i kākau i loko o New York ma 18.12.1913, i loko o ka ohana kāmaʻa hale kūʻai mea nāna. Kona mau mākua, kona makua kāne James Ua hoʻoneʻe mai Austria. Bella ka makuahine i hānau i loko o Rusia, a hele mai i Amerika ma o kona wa opiopio. Family hahai ma hope ku una Iudaio. Hope, i ka makuwahine i ka Hui manaoio. Alfred ua balancing ma waena o nā hoomana ana elua, ua hoala hou mai atheist.

Alfred Bester aʻo i loko o ke Kulanui o Pennsylvania. Kona hana kūikawā uaʻike manaʻo. He aʻo ma ka "maikai", uku hoʻolohe i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka humanities. An maikaʻi 'âlapa, Alfred pâʻani i ka pôpeku EeIeIAIAeU, a, ma kana mau olelo, ua ka loa holomua fencer. Ma hope o ke kula kulanui Columbia Law School, akā, i ka makahiki ma hope haʻalele iā ia.

Ma ka New York poʻe i loaʻa i ke Kakauolelo o ka hana, a, a me kona mau ikehu, Ho'āʻo e iai? Oaiaaou pilikino. I ka 1936, ua mare oia i ka mea hana keaka ana Rollie: wahi a, ia i noho ai a hiki i kona make ana ma 30.09.1987 makahiki me ka mea a. Bester mau noho i loko o New York. Ma ka hapalua like-50s au i noho i loko o Europe no ka oi ma mua o ka makahiki, akā, laila, e hoʻoneʻe i Hawaii Rollie.

E like me ia i hoʻomaka i kona 'oihana?

Kona mua hanaia'na Bester i loko o ke kahaha Bay Magazine. Iloko o na makahiki ekolu o ke alu like 'ana me ka' epekema-fiction paʻi puke i kākau Alfred he umikumamaha moʻolelo. ka uʻi mea kākau i ka 'oihana hele uphill.

I ke kakahiaka nui 40-ies Vaysingera M., luna hoʻoponopono o ka Magazine i kono e hana i loko o ka kaulana poe National Periodicals, kahi i noho ai superheroes Superman a me Batman Nā Puke Kātuna. Lākou Hawaii, a kaumaha aku la i ka hana Vaysingeru. He ole wale maliuia mai, akā, i alakai i ka poe o ka pae iho o nā kākau, mawaena o lakou ua Alfred Bester.

Frantic holo mālie o ka puke kātuna puke hana i Bester. Eia, i Akä naÿe i ka periodical moʻokalaleo, ka mea, i kēlā lā, e invent hou moʻolelo, dialog, moʻolelo keaka. Akā uku no keia hana a ka nui maikaʻi.

O ka holo ana, ia mea paakiki e Loiloi i ka pilikino na makana Bester ma "superhero pōʻaiapuni." Mai ka hana ana o ke kauoha Nā Puke Kātuna uaʻike hoʻokumu - ka mea i kākauʻia e kekahi mau kākau, a ua kekahi manawa ma kekahi mau kakini moʻo. Nā Puke Kātuna hanaiaʻi ka aka Alfred ole wale akā, i kana wahine. Ua Kupanaha nui pelekikena a ma ka Radio kēia "Superman."

Rollie a me Alfred laila'ōlelo akula i nā man- akia e huli no ka moʻolelo keaka mea kākau o ka Makäkiu Radio E hoike mai, a kaumaha aku i ka paa i ke kala no ka hana. Na Company alakai aku ia mau Makäkiu hōʻike, no laila mākou i ka hana ma ka pāpā huhū uuku ae. Akā, Bester hope o ua mea he ka ho'āʻoʻana, i ke aloha a hiki i na Nā Puke Kātuna. Eia hou, i ka pae ana o kākau moʻolelo alakaʻi ma kekahi 'oihana i loko o kā lākou mau kahua Uolter Gibson.

I ka 1948, no ka Bester i kekahi pāhana - oe kīwī Radio. mea lahaʻole laila o nā polokalamu kīwī ua nō, no laila, pinepine hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ma hope o kona hana - i ka hopena ua "Tom Corbett," i hele mai i loko o hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni no kekahi mau makahiki ma kekahi mau auwai a. I ka makahiki 1950, Bester hoi i ka 'epekema fiction Magazine.

E hoʻi i nā kumu o ke

Alfred Bester hāliu aku i kona hoi ana i ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke fiction moʻolelo "Oddi a me Eid." I ka 1959, ka mea i paʻiʻia ma ka August pukana o ka Magazine aʻo lua, unchallenged alakai i ka honua o ka Fantasy. Akā, me ka hou Hoʻoponopono kulekele i alakai ia Campbell i ka "e pakele ai" mai ka Magazine na hana mana he kākau.

Ua alakai aku ai i ka haku o ka hou paʻi puke, a me Campbell, ua kiola ia e nāʻano mea kāhea pauku F & SF a me Wiliau Hōkū Science fiction. Alfred Bester, paepae ai hou no ka hana hoʻopuka puke.

E hana ma ka Radio, a kīwī manawa-e hoopau ana, no laila, Alfred i kākau iki. I loko o ia manawa, oia hou i kona akamai pū nō hoʻi. Kona moʻolelo Ua lilo i ka maikaʻi loa ke aloha o ka pāpana, he lauwili anei a me ka wela ikehu, a me ka makemake i hana me ka hanohano i kekahi paiia o ka Fantasy Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo.

Edition o F & SF publishes mau moʻolelo Bester - "Choice" a me "About ka manawa a me Ekolu Avenue." I ka makahiki 1952, i ka Magazine Wiliau Hōkū kaʻina kānāwai he hapa ka paʻi o ka puke, a ua kākauʻia e Alfred Bester, "ka Man Me ka Recycle."

Ala i ka luna

Ka auoiaea o na novels Bester o "Ka Man Me ka Recycle" a me ka "Kika mua! Kika! "Ua like me ke kanawai o ka exploding pōkā pahū. Nō. A psychologist ma ka aʻo, Alfred i hookoia ka quintessential kona mau huapalapala kekahi mau moʻolelo.

Deep manaʻoʻike kanaka, e hooho ana i ka pono kumu mua perennial a me nā nīnūnē - ku okoa ana, kānāwai, oiaio, kala ana, kuleana. 'Aʻole he hookahi hana wale hua'ōlelo - nā mea a pau e pono a maximally subordinated i ka manaʻo. Kēlā me kēia hoʻopaʻi stress, me he mea paa a wili luawai. Books makemake i ka ikehu e,ʻo, a ua mahuka mai ka heluhelu ole i ke Akua.

"Ka Man Me ka Recycle" wehe i ka mea heluhelu i ka honua kahi e holo nei i hiki maiʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o ka evolution, i mahele ia kanaka i loko o telepaths-Espers a me netelepatov. Ka mea, he makemake i ke ao nei ma luna o ke kapa o ka make a me ka chaos. Akā, espers hana lākou nā mea hiki wale no i ka pomaikai o ke kaiāulu.

Ma ka waena o ke kanaka o ka nui hui, kona nightly loaʻa kūpono, kahi āna i poʻe hahai iā i ke kanaka me ka maka. Ke culprit o harrowing nā moeʻuhane i manaʻo i kona enemi, a hoʻoholo i ka pepehi kanaka. Akā, pehea ia? Ia? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i kēia mau manao hiki ole ke AOON telepaths.

Ka puke "Kika! ! Kika "o kekahi koe i loko o ka evolution - ka hiki e teleport, dzhantatsii (pohupani hale o ka mana o ke manaʻo). O ka poe i nele i kēia nā mea hiki, mea paha i ka maku o ke kaiāulu. Spacecraft me "maʻamau" luina crashes. Ka poli ola kai o ka moku mechanic eono mahina e noho ana i waena o ka'ōpala, a hoouna aku la i loko o ka lewa pōpilikia neaiaea. Akā, kāpae'ōlelo iā lākou.

Ola kai lawe i ka pahu hopu - e ola a me ka hoʻopaʻi hoolei aku la ia i ka make. E loaa no kekahi nā mea hiki, akā, me ka kumukuai wale pūʻali koa, oia Cuticura ke mea e kū ai i ka makemake kōkua iā ia wale nō pono-? Aaony hana.

Pohihihi mau mea e kukaʻi, a me ka läÿau, o ka Makäkiu fiction, hana malu, hiki wawe koʻano o, irony malama i ka mea heluhelu ma ka hoailona makue, mai ka mua a hiki i ka laina hope o ka puke. Ua haawiia i na puke i kākau i loko o ka 50s o ka hope ke kenekulia, e ike i ka inoa o ka "Luna Nui" deservedly loaa he nui 'epekema fiction mea kākau Alfred Bester.

mea kākau

Over kanaha makahiki o makakū aayoaeuiinoe Alfred puka emi mai o ka umi novels. Akā,ʻo nā puke Bester i ka hanana. Kokoke i ka mea ia manawa me ka mau buke mua, ua palapala mai i ka puke "Owai ka ia?".

Ma ka hopena o '50s i ka lāʻau kū o Alfred ka'āuna respectable Holiday Magazine hoʻoponopono. Bester Eʻoluʻoluʻoe i kā lākou mau manaʻoi hāpai 'ia a me ka hana i loko o ke paʻi' a i ka panina o ka Magazine. I loko o kēia wā, ua paʻi wale Links puke "Ka Life a me ka Make o ka ukali" a me ka moʻolelo.

A me kânaka o Fantasy manao i ka manawa i hou puke. Akā, nalowale no na makahiki, oia i manao i ka nana ole i ko lakou inaina Bester. Alfred, i ka ohi ana i pōkole nā moʻolelo a hoohaunaele oia nei i ke kuala o ka heluhelu, mō'ī, i loko o kona 'oihana' epekema fiction mea kākau.

Ma hope o ka mea nui, kokoke iwakalua makahiki, au e wawahi mai i ka 1975 "diabolo ka mau '." Ma hope oʻelima makahiki o kona peni mai kekahi ma hope o ka mea 'ē aʻe novels "Golem100" a me ka "Cheaters". Ka puke "akahai kāʻili wale o ke kuko" a me ka "Psiholavka" I ka makahiki o ka makahiki 1991 a me ka 1998.

kakau iho la Alfred Bester oi ma mua o kanaono pōkole moʻolelo, novels a me ka pepa (essay) e i ua paʻi i mau paʻi puke. mea kākau o ka hana i paʻiʻia ma ka puka i loko o kekahi mau compilations. I loko nō o ka mea i i palapala ma luna o kanalima makahiki aku nei kana mau hana, a me keia mea, i loko o nui koi. Nō hoʻi pū i loko o ka papa inoa o ka mea maikai novels i loko o ka Fantasy Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo, e hookupaa aku ana i ka honorary inoa o kona Mea Hana i.