Angiosperms: examples. flowering mea kanu

Group angiosperms i hanaʻia ma luna o 125 miliona. Makahiki aku nei. A hiki i keia manawa, he mau hoopaapaa e pili ana i ka mea i ho'ākāka 'wā (au) o ko lākou mau hanana. Kekahi i kapaʻia ka Cretaceous wā, kekahi olelo o ka mua ke kahua, i ke kolu o ka koi ma hope.

Heʻoiaʻiʻo nō, hoʻokahi mea koe: keia waeʻano o nā mea kanu noho ana i ka Hoʻohakuʻoihana a me ka noho pono ma luna o nā'āpana a pau o ka poepoe honua, mai Tropical ua nahele, a pau me ka wela a me ka icy nahele no hoi ia o Aferika, a me ka Arctic.

He aha e mea, angiosperms? Ano he kumu hoʻohālike, 'ano a me ka waiwai taxon Mea Maluna kūkā mai ma lalo nei.

Angiosperms: he mau hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

I ka inoa o na elele o keia pae i loaa mai ai no kona hiki ana i ke awa i ka anoano o ka pahee a me ka paakiki nā'aʻaʻa o ka fetus. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka wahi o ka pua, i mea keʻano o ka taxon i hanaʻia ma keʻano o nā kinona a me ka nui like 'ole, a me ka waihoʻoluʻu'aiaola waiwai o ka' ole. Ka mea, i kapaʻia hua.

Ke kanu ia - o ka pakele, e waiho ana i ka aina o ke kumu'ōnaehana a me ka mai i ka pua, a me nā anei i na lau. Reproductive hui, characterizing ka 'ole, a e leie aku ai i ke hakuloli i kekahi kaianoho koholā, a lanakila hou panalāʻau e noho no ka hooponopono - keia mea i ka pua.

More e holumua ai 'ole, a ikea mai la iloko o ka evolution o nā hiʻona a me na mea paahana, ae' elele pau ka gymnosperms, mosses a me ka'amaʻu. I kēia lā, i ka Honua i ka flora ua Kīwala'ō ma ka maikai, alohilohi, heʻano o ke ola 'ano apau loa angiosperms. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o kēia hiki 'ai pono i loko o ka lōʻihi loa manawa, no ka mea, hoʻokahi wale nō hanau mea oi mamua o 13 tausani. Pokole, ua hiki ke olelo aku nei au i kēia: a pau na mea kanu me ka pua - ia angiosperms.

Ka pono 'ole o ka manao

I ka papa kuhikuhiE nā loko i loaʻa kēlā lala o ka pūʻulu - ka mea eʻole ai i nā mea kanu ma luna: aa, kumu, lau. Additional 'ole e lako pono angiosperms manawa kūpono i hilinaʻi ma luna o ka wai no ka mea? Aneii kaʻina ua pua.

pua māhele, stipules, wahi, peduncle, corolla o petals, muʻo, pistil, stigma, stamens. A pau o kēia mau hale i ka ia me ka mea reproductive nā loko, e like me ka pono me ka poe a pau i hou i hoohuliiaʻi i loko o ka fetus, a i malama i ka hua i piha waiwai nui.

People mahalo 'mea kanu pua o ka halawai maikai, a me ka palupalu,ʻoluʻolu aroma. E ho ohana ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau waiwai o extracting pono keia mau mea nā pōʻalo i nunui ma ka mea e loaa ana juicy a me kaʻono hua.

No na mea kanu iho pua - pono keia mau mea nui hui, i hoolaʻe ia lakou mai o ka wai, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka? Aneii, no ka manawa ka mea, ua hana me ke kōkua o nā waʻa fertilization. Hua i ka maluhia a me ka hoomalu i ka anoano, e like me ka pono i komo i loko o kā lākou dispersal ma ka ai holoholona, Ua hoi he nui hoʻohui i distinguishes ka 'ole o ka angiosperm mea kanu i waena o' ē aʻe.

Kekahi 'ole o nā pua, i keʻano o ko lākou mau' ano apau loa ke hoomahuahua i aoao o ka pollination, a i ka poʻea pau i ke ākea kūkākūkā a me ka dispersal o ka mea kanu.

hiʻona

O ka holo ana, i ka mea nui a me ka ike loea HOU no ka flowering i ke kahua o ka pua. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole wale nō kēia, akā, na hoailona o angiosperms loaʻa iā Ua kuapo, a hoʻokūpaʻa i ko lākou dominance o ka nuipa i waena o nā flora. E like me ka kekahi laʻana:

• A hou ka conduction'ōnaehana iloko olaila phloem kānana oihana mua a me phloem'aʻaʻa. Ua apono 'wikiwiki lawe aku i ka mea e pono ai nā minelala hao a me ka wai e like me ke aloha waiwai, e paipai i ka makemake kanu māhele me ka manao e hou o kahi waiho waho.
• Ka pale 'ana i ka hua pericarp hale, pinepine manoanoa-kino hua.
• Keʻano o ka aoao o ka pollination (makani, nā mea kolo, na holoholona, na manu, pakiko-pollination, keʻa-pollination, a me na mea e ae).
• e hiki ke hoʻomōhala koke Reproductive nā loko (gametophytes) a wale, ma lalo o ka malu o ka laau sporophyte.
• Ke biochemical haku mele 'ana o nā'aʻaʻa. He nui nā 'elele noʻawahia waiwai alkaloids, flavonoids, e yiaeaiiacaaeneiie, a no laila, ma luna, a ua ālai' ia ai na holoholona a me ka ole ae ia, e uhi i ka ulu ana o nā mea kanu.
• Ka 'ole o ka angiosperms mai nā' i ko lakou ola i loko o kekahi ola ano - laau, laau uuku, ka nalu, laau uuku, mauʻu wanawana, kumu waina.

Mau kiʻiona hiʻona e keia pae o ka mea kanu i kaulana loa, Hardy a, pono hakuloli a me ka resettlement. Like pono me e pono ai a me ka mea nui i ke kanaka, a me kona hana.

Mea Maluna

Aia nō ma luna o 250.000 laha 'o angiosperms, hui i ka 13.000 hanau mai 350 mau ohana. Systematics lehulehu lawa o ka taxa a me ka poeikohoia.

Na Mea Maluna Ua nānā 'kuhikuhi angiosperms papa, o ka a ma laila nō nā:

• monocots;
• bipartite.

Kēlā me kēia papa ua poe ma ka helu o nāʻohana, a me kekahi mau ano o ke ola, a me ka ho'ānoʻole i loko o nā mea a pau o nā panalāʻau e noho.

Class dicots

Ua nā angiosperm mea kanu, examples no a kokoke e pau i ma ka hale i loko o ka palapala o ka potted pua. Ua lila, begonias, spatifillyum, laholio mea kanu. No ka mahiʻai mala Rosaceae a pau a me Solanaceae, Cruciferae a me ka hahai, Compositae - rosehip, nā komako, kaʻukama, uala, cabbage, i nā hua waina, eggplant, buckwheat, a he nui na mea e ae. Mawaena o na ano o ka laau no hoi i flowering kanu, examples i: lāʻauʻoka, lehu, Maple, linden, birch, a no laila, ma luna o. Hoʻokele waiwai nui Poeikohoia, kumu o ka waiwai, heʻiʻo maka mea: pulupulu, olonā, jute, Hevea, ke kinamona, hemp, Pohon, a he nui na mea e ae.

Total Dicotyledones i ma 170 tausani.? Ueony, no ko ka hola 75% o nā mea a pau flowering mea kanu. I kā lākou Mea Maluna mahele 360 mauʻohana i loko o 60 kauoha wai puna mai ka 7 subclasses.

Features he bipartite

Aia i kekahi mau walaʻauʻana.

1. Mua i loko o ka hua cotyledon elua (halves). He mea maopopo loa, e ike i ke kumu hoohalike hua legumes. Aia nā hewa i kekahi a 3-4 cotyledons.
2. ʻAno o ka mole nenoaiu: koʻokoʻo. Ua i aneane i kaʻikepili flowering mea kanu. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike i loko i ka mea i oluolu i ka hope: kekahi pahūpahū, hemp, paʻapū, begonias, spinach, a no laila, ma luna o. 'Ia - i ka wahie pepa.
3. Flower, kokoke pau four- aʻelima-Aupuni Lālā a. Kākaʻikahi ka 'ē aʻe.

papa Monocotyledones

Aia nō ma kahi o 80 tausani okoa Poeikohoia, hui i loko o ka 'ohana. Lehulehu waiwai angiosperms, examples o i loaʻa nā kēia: na kiliala a pau, Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, maiʻa, Sedge, ka hapanui poho. A i ka i ka mea a pau papa inoa, no ka mea, kēlā me kēia 'ohana ka loaʻa o ka nui helu o kekahi' ano o nā 'elele.

Great cia i loko o ka kanaka meaʻai hana i kiliala. Mau mea i ka loa mahi i loko o ka nohona o ke ao nei: palaoa, raiki, bale, rai, kulina a me na mea e ae.

Key hiʻona o monocots

Aia i kekahi mau kī:

• mole'ōnaehana - fibrous, me he mau hewa;
• na lau lanceolate, elongated;
• pua tripartite kākaʻikahi four- a elua;
• cotyledon i loko o ka embryo wale.

Classes o angiosperms a me kā lākou mau elele lehulehu nāna i hana i ke ano a me ka nani o ka flora, i mea no laila, kiʻi i ka loaa a me ka mea e hāʻawi mai iā mākou i ke ola. O ia ka leo'ākau, no ka mea, o ka mea kanu paka oxygen, a me kekahi o na holoholona mea e hiki ke noho me keia kinoea.