Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka maoli-manawa pae'ōnaehana nenoai. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka mea ulana pukapuka, pae'ōnaehana nenoai

Ka pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana maoli manawa (RTOS) - keia OS, a hoʻohiki i kekahi nona iho no ka hoʻoholo ma mua manawa wā mawaena. No ka laʻana, ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi i laila, e like me ka hōʻike 'ana i loaʻa mai i mea no ka lopako ma luna o kaʻaha kanaka laina. Oia ka paleʻana i hoʻolaha like "paakiki" a me ka "pahee."

maoli-manawa Hard pae'ōnaehana nenoai kuhi i hiki ole i ka i ka ho omaulia e hana, ina o ka mea mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka mea i koho ia manawa (i kēia hana, e pau i ka hoʻokō 'ole').

Ka pahee pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana i ka maoli-manawaʻaha kanaka laina ma lalo o kēia mau hana e hoʻomau i ka hana, akā, no ka auoiaea i ia ma lalo, no ka mea iauaeoia mea,ʻaʻole hiki iā e i loaʻa i loko o ka manawa, a me ka hopena i ka lopako e hulina i unproductive.

Ma mua o ka hōʻike examples o maoli-manawa pae'ōnaehana nenoai, e pono e maopopo i ka 'o kā lākou hana. Kekahi o kēia mau OS i hanaia no kekahi palapala noi, oiai kekahi poe - no ka oi mau. No hoi, kekahi mau-manao pōkā pū ua i kekahi manawa, hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana i loko o maoli manawa. Like examples o kēia 'ano o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai ke hana maikaʻi-ike Windows 2000 a IBM Microsoft / 390. Oia hoi, a hiki ina ka pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana aʻole e hālāwai me kekahi mau koi, ka mea e i ano e ae mai, e noonoo ia me ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana no i kekahi palapala noi pilikia i maoli manawa.

Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai a me kā lākou characterization

I mau, i ka pae'ōnaehana nenoaiu o maoli manawa i ka kēia mau 'ano:

• Multitasking.
• Kaʻina lua i pele i hiki ke prioritized.
• A lawa helu o? A? Uaaiey pae.

pinepine Real-manawa pae'ōnaehana nenoai e hoʻohana i ka meaʻuʻuku i loko ihoʻili, a i hoʻohana ma microdevices format. No ka laʻana, kekahi o ka nucleus hiki ke noʻonoʻo me hookahi-tasking pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana (examples: ka Kernel like hapa o IOS, Android, a pela aku ...) Ma maoli manawa. Eia naʻe, e hana lākou mau hana i kauoha mai nā eiiiiiaiou o ka mea, no ka laʻana, O Keaukaha. A no ke aha la piha-fledged pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana mea maoli-manawa, e like me ka rula, Ua oi ma mua pono o ka Kernel.

A typical kumu hoʻohālike o ka palapala noi RTOS HDTV-pa alima a me ka hōʻike 'ia nei. He e heluhelu i ka mīkini neaiae, decode ia a me ka hōʻike 'ia nei i loko o ka palapala o ka hoʻopā ai ikepili. I kali hou aku e ia kekahi 'me ke kiʻi kiko wikiō, a / a kani ua nānaina.

Naʻe, i ka wa a na leo hooluolu i ke "haawi examples o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai o kēia 'ano," kēia e hōʻike i ka loa kaulana inoa. He aha hapa o keia pae?

VxWorks mai poʻe WindRiver

VxWorks mea he maoli-manawa pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana hoʻomohala me he kūpono lako polokalamu me ke kōkua o WindRiver. I ka mua, kuu i ka 1987, VxWorks i mua 'ohi' ana ma i loko iho nenoai e kauoha maoli-manawa a me ka deterministic hana. Penei, e hoʻohana examples o kēia 'ano o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai i loko o ka maluhia a me ka maluhia mau mea, okoa na hana (pakahi aku la ia i ka aerospace a me ka pale), i ka hana o ka' inikua manaʻo, hanalima pono, nā lopako, ikehu, amo'ōnaehana, ulana pukapuka, nā pono, ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka kaʻa a me ka consumer uilaʻoe.

VxWorks kākoʻo i ka Intel (x86, me ka hou hoʻokolohua o IntelQuarkSoC a me x86-64), MIPS, PowerPC, SH-4, a me ka lima-kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ua hele mai me ka mana RTOS Kernel, middleware, kākoʻo no ka uku no kekahi hoʻokomo-ma pūʻolo helu a me ka lako e loea mai nā Manufacturers. Ma kona hope hilo - na VxWorks 7 - i ka'ōnaehana i ua hōʻano hou i ka modularity, a me ka upgrade no laila, i ka OS Kernel ua iloko o kaawale mai ka middleware, palapala noi, a me nā pūʻolo helu.

QNX Neutrino

I Classic examples o kēia 'ano o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai - kekahi UNIX-e like iwi. Oia o ka QNX Neutrino, mua hoʻomohala i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 1980s, ka Hale huakai Quantum Nokia Systems. Ultimately, Ua lilo i ka hooulu ana o BlackBerry i ka 2010. QNX o kekahi o ka mua pāʻoihana holomua microkernel pae'ōnaehana nenoai, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā manaʻo, me ulia kaʻa a me ka lawe lima kaul.

FreeRTOS

FreeRTOS mea he nukelea OS maoli-manawa kaulana i loko iho i na mea maalea, a ua ukana 35 microcontrollers. Ua kŰlń ao ma lalo o GPL laikini me ka hou kapu a me ka ponoʻole, koe. Kapu ua papa benchmarking, oiai ke kū'ē lula e leie mea hoʻohana, e hoʻohana i ko lakou iho kivila me ka paʻa kahi, oiai e malama ana i ka Kora naʻEsau iho. It pela kōkua ai i nā ai ka hana FreeRTOS i loko o kou mau noi.

Windows ce

Windows i loko iho Audiobooks - o ka pae'ōnaehana'ōnaehana o ka subfamily ulu "Microsoft" hui i loko o ka Windows i loko ihoʻohana o nā huahana. Haʻalele Windows i loko iho Koo, a ua nānā 'ana ma luna o Windows NT, mau ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka pae'ōnaehana nenoai hoʻohana mikanele hapalua Kernel. "Microsoft" poe hoʻolako Windows ce laikini no ka palapala lako a Manufacturers i hiki ke hoʻololi 'ana, a nāna hoʻi i hana i ko lakou mau hoʻohana Interfaces, hoomaopopo ana i ka oaoieei-kumu no keia.