Bernard Baruka: Ka Moʻolelo o 'Amelika financier

Financier a me ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā Bernard Baruka i ikeia no kona nui kapikala a me ka nui kālai'āina keiki. Me ka loaʻa pomaikai nui ma luna o ka New York Stock haawi aku i na, hoomaka ae la oia e hana e like me ke aʻoaʻo iā 'Amelika luna. Kona ola - he kaleidoscope kupaianaha o ka hanana a me keʻano pāhaʻohaʻo.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

Ke financier kaulana Bernard Baruka i hanau August 19, 1870 ma ka 'Amelika kulanakauhale o Camden (South Carolina). He hele mai ka poe ilihune Iudaio ohana. Simona Baruka i ka makua kāne o ke keikikane eha, i ka lua o ka mea a ua Bernard Baruka. Na keiki, e like me ka manawa hōʻike, ua he loea a me ka paakiki-hana. Ke kaikaina o ka wā e hiki mai Kelemānia financier e hana me US elele i ka Netherlands, a Portugal.

Ka makahiki Bernard Rekonstrutsii mai ai i loko o ke au wā, ma hope o ke Kanawai War, ka United States hema nalu o ka hewa a me ka haunaele Naʻau. Ke huli nei no ka noho malie kihi o ka Barukaʻohana neʻe i New York. Here Bernard hele aku i ke kula nui.

Ka mua wahi Baruka hana i ka 1890 i ka brokerage AA Housman & Co. He iwakalua-makahikiʻokoʻa ua he gofer, loaʻa $ 3 o ka pule. Other nā manawa kūpono no ka pakiko-kō o ka nohona haʻahaʻa a me ka ohana, ka mea, ua i poe noonoo ole.

takeoff

Like nui no hoi na nā poloka, i ka holoholona market Bernard Baruka ke kokoke ma ka ulia. Kona hoao ana mua i ka poino. Akā,ʻo Baruka i i haawi mai. Hoomaka ae la oia e noi i ke kālā mai ka hoa a me ka 'ohana. Ma kekahi wahi, i ka makua kāne iā ia i ka hoouna 500 - mea a pau i koe o ka hale ma luna o kekahi lâ ua. Bernard ua i makau a me ka 'aʻa', hoomaka ae la oia i ka maikaʻi loa 'oihana ma luna o Wall Street.

Baruka i i pono i loko o ka mau kiʻi o ka launa like. Hihia ka mea, ua kokoke extravagant: e risky aelike ua komo 'o loko o speculation. 'Oihana ma ka bayonets i na successes mua o keia upstart. Ke moni kaulana a me ka financier o kona manawa, John Pierpont Morgan manao Baruka "kāleka sharper." Hewa i ka manaʻo i lalo capitalism a pau nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā Ua hoʻolimalima i kā lākou kālā i loko o keʻokeʻo Loan. Aʻole ka loa maemae kanaka ia ia iho, ua JP Morgan. Naʻe, nā kiʻina hana ma i mākaukau i ke kaua Bernard Baruka, hopohopo i ka loa notorious ka epa.

Wheeler-kanaka kūʻai lāʻauʻino

Mai kona helehelena ma ka kumukūʻai mail wā e hiki mai naʻi aupuni i haawi i ka Wall Street laila, mahalo kālepa hoʻolālā. Baruka, aole ke kemu nawaliwali poʻe me ka manao i ko lakou mau hope resale. Eia hou, oia i ole e akoakoa ai i kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni e hoea ma kumukūʻai o kona mahele. Ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā i ole, e like me ka mea mau, me ka scrupulous mooolelo o na kumu aʻe o ke kumukuai makeke.

Kue i ka mea na, e olelo oe laila, e noho ana ma luna o ke ala, i ka financier 'Imi ka hookanikani ana i ka haule. No ka au iaʻu iho, Bernard Baruka formulate i mea rula: ". E kuai lilo aku, a kuai i ka i kā mākou i ka palena iki hiki ole e" E like me ka hopena, ua make pinepine hele ku e aku i ke kuai au, e kuai i ka wā he nui i kūʻai liloʻia aku, a me ka hope versa.

Ma ke ala ana i ka waiwai

Most Baruka mika a me ke kaila o kekahi speculator kaulana Dzhessi Livermora. Kēia poʻe kālepa e mau i uaʻikeʻia i kēlā wā i kēia wā haʻalele i ke kuai, a kakali no ka manawa maikaʻi no ka resumption o ke kuai. Once ua maliuia mai ia i ka pilikia hooholo no na punters, Bernard i mai la, "Jay, au manaʻo ia ka manawa e pana manu." Ma hope o keia cue, oia kuai lilo aku i kona wahi, a hele aku la ma ka lōʻihi hoomaha i kona māla Hobkau Barony ma South Carolina. Palemo wahi lepo wai a me ka one kahakai mea koikoi nui Duck a me 17 tausani eka uaʻaʻohe kelepona, me ka i kekahi ke hoʻohui me New York. Akā, hiki ma hope o ka loihi kaawale ana o kekahi i poʻokela 'hoʻiʻana i ka holoholona, e loaa hou.

I originality me a Bernard Baruka, a Dzhessi Livermor hoomaewaewa aku la lakou i ka nui oluolu rula o ka poe kalepa, i ia kaulana i mua o ka helehelena o ka nui dala o ke kulanakauhale alii. Kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, no ka pomaikai o ka upstarts i ole kali.

Ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā a me ka pāʻoihana

He hoʻomaka 'ia mai ka lalo Baruka hoʻolimalima i lawa, e lawe i ko lakou mau waiwai kūʻai. Kekahi o na hana mua iʻikeʻia ma luna o kona mau hoa a pau Texasgulf Inc., hana kūikawā i nā lawelawe i loko o ka hoʻomaka koke ka ulu 'ʻaila oihana puolo.

Akā, e like me mahope hanana hōʻike, i ka poloka i ole makemake'ōnaehana poe. Kona poem koe kalepa, i ka i ana i hoolilo loa o ka manawa hoolilo ia ma luna o Wall Street. Kela manawa, ma ka 1900. ka holoʻokoʻa ka hikiāloa hapaha o New York i ka mea Bernard Baruka. I ka moolelo o kona pomaikai hooeueu ae la i na mea he nui, a he nui loa ka bogey. Mau he mau lono e pili ana i ka nui moku'āina speculator. I ka pālākiō o keia huahelu ua like me ka unahiʻole Dzhozefa Kenedi a me JP Morgan.

"Lone Wolf"

I kēia lā i ka poe hooilina o Bernard Baruka hoʻomau eʻai i ke kūlana, kui hoʻi, kā lākou nimble pili. I ka 1903, i ka makahiki o ka 33 makahiki nei ike ole poloka lilo i lâlâ o ka laau o ke millionaires. Kona holoʻokoʻa kukū ala i ka New York Stock a haawi aku i Baruka i loa wale. He makemake e malama i na mea a pau ma lalo o hooponopono, a hiki ole ke hoomanawanui i ka like ha awina. No keia mea hoʻopukapuka kālā i kapaia "lone hae o Wall Street."

Over o ka makahiki, i ke kālā hana o na mea he nui ia iluna, a iho i lalo ua hoano e Bernard Baruka. Kawaihae financier mea he laʻana o ke kanaka, i mea aha doggedly poʻomanaʻo, 'no ka pomaikai. 1907 Baruka loaa ana he kālepa naueue ole M. Hentz & Co., a me he kanaka makua,ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka makemake o waihona kālā e pili ana i ka ike loea maoli waiwai.

aupuni i hoʻokumu '

Me ka loaʻa nui ka pomaikai ma ka holoholona, e loaa hou, a ma ka hana, hoomaka ae la Baruka, e nana i ke kulekele. I ka makahiki 1912ʻo ia iʻae e kākoʻo ana i ke koho pelekikena kai eʻe o Woodrow Wilson. Foundation no ka kemokalaka Party ua loaa mai ka punawai-wisher o ka 50 tausani dala. Wilson lanakila i ka lahui a me ka hoomaikai ana i ke financier hoonohoia ma ka Oihana o ke aupuni ke pale.

Ma kona mua lehulehu oihana Bernard Baruka, he Hawaii photo no i ua, e hōʻike i loko o na nupepa,ʻalo me ka nui hihia. Ka hui malu pu ana o ka pili a me ka pāʻoihana aayoaeuiinoe ua paʻakikī loa kēia lā.

Pilikia a me ke kānāwai

Ma ke kumukūʻai e loaa hou mai Baruka, hoomaka ae la e'Āhewa hoʻohana pākela i kona mau kūhelu kulana e loaa insider 'ike e pili ana i ke kuai. Eia hoʻi, i ka 1917, ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā hoopiiia o ka 'ikepili palapala malu. Na e noiʻi manao ana, e lawe ana ka lanakila o kona kulana, oia ua illegally hoʻolimalima i kahi o hookahi miliona dala.

Ma muli o ia i ke kuleana o ke kānāwai mākaʻi lapaʻau nāna Baruka olelo ana i loaaʻi i kona hope kala kuai like na like me ia i hana ai ma mua o kona helehelena i loko o ka lehulehu hana. Ka hoomalu ana i ka ikaika pōhaku puna - he speculator ke kiʻi aku me ia.

Mau kumu aʻoaʻo, i ka Peresidena

E like me ka luna Bernard Mannes Baruka ua kuleana no ka puunaue ana i koa kauoha. A laila ia i haʻalele i ka ua maoli New York Stock haawi aku i na. Waiwai oki, e kuai mai a kuai aku, akā, hoomau iho la oia i kona mau nā kānaka hoʻopukapuka kālā 'hana, o kekah ia i loko o ke alanui o ke koa hana. Baruka ke kala kahe i poe hana i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kaua likeʻole a me ka ammunition. Maopopo leʻa kekahi hapa o ke dala kokuaia mai, mai ka moku'āina Bedroom ma ka oihana koa nā hale hana,ʻo ia noho i loko o kona eke akamai kivila kauwa. E like me ke okoa koho, i ka manawa o ka pio ana o Kelemania, i ka mea nona o Baruka i loko o ka moku'āina o 200 miliona.

I ka 1919, ka luna o nā lāhui kanaka lanakila halawai ma ka Paris maluhia hālāwai kūkā. i hele aku Baruka i ka Palani kapikala. He ua he lâlâ o ka kūhelu US'aheʻelele, alai ae ma ka Peresidena Wilson. Economic kuhikuhi kue excessive indemnity i Kelemania, a kākoʻo i ka manaʻo o kekahi o Oʻahu, no Nations pono e paipai alu like 'ana ma waena o kekahi mau aina.

Baruka, a me ka Great kaumaha

Vudro Vilson haʻalele i pelekikena ma ka 1921. Kuapo o ka White House i ole Hāʻule maila lākou Baruka noho ma luna o ka US kālai'āina loa. He ua he kuhikuhi ma Warren Harding, Herbert alana hoover, Franklin Roosevelt a me Garri Trumene. Balancing ma waena o ke aupuni a me ka pāʻoihana, financier hoʻomau e hoʻowaiwai, hoʻohana 'insiderʻikepili ma o ka moku'āina o ke kuai. Na hooilina o Bernard Baruka makemake e waiho me kekahi denari i loko o kou eke, ināʻaʻole no kona 'eleu agility. Ma ka Ewa o ka Great kaumaha Baruka kuai lilo a pau o ko lākou mau puu, a me ke dala i loaa i ka nui loa o ka paa.

October 24, 1929 US holoholona wahi kanaka pua'opi. Ka a pau kuai i loko o nń ma o ka hiki ana mai ulia a me ka maopopo wā e hiki mai. All - akā,ʻaʻole Baruh Berenada. Ka puke, kākau ma ka pau ana o ke ola ana o ia iho, mai nei ia i ia lā he speculator hele mai i ka New York Stock haawi aku i na, pu me Winston Churchill. Ke kipa i ole accidental. Waiwai i makemake ai e h ÷ ike i ka manao o Beritania o kona enviable oicyenoaaiiie naʻauao.

Speculation i loko o ke gula, a me ke kala

Kekahi o ka loa lucrative hoopunipuni Bernarda Baruha, hoomaka ae la ke kaulahao o kana mau hana i loko o ka makahiki 1933, ka wā o ka abolition o ke gula hae i loko o ka United States. Ma ka manawa o ka aina no kekahi mau makahiki i noho ai i loko o ka moku'āina o ka weliweli hoʻoponopono ulia. Ua kī ka mea nui ka nele a me ka panakalupa o ka nui poʻe. Ma kēia mau ana, i ke aupuni, a hai mai i ke ao hoolapanai ana o ke gula mai nā kānaka. Ia makahiki, no ka mea maikai metala, kanaka i loaa pepa kālā.

Ma October 1933, ka wā ka hapanui o ke gula i laila 'o ia i ka Waihona, Peresidena Roosevelt kūkala i ka devaluation o ka aina kālā. Ano, i kuai ai i ke aupuni gula ma ka mahuahua kumukuai. A pau na Kai a me 'ana e haʻalele o ka papa loli i ike i ka hoʻopuniʻana koho pelekikena kuhikuhi Bernard Baruka. Quotes ka a laila e kaomi h ÷ ike i ka ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua i loko o ka wela o ka pinepine'ano'ē hou. Wale o ka "lone hae" ua hiki ke hoʻohana kēlā hou 'ole. He Ua ua hoʻopuka kālā he nui hapa o kona waiwai i loko o ke kala pono ma mua o ka kumukuai mahuahua lehulehu buyout o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia.

World War II

Ma nā makahiki, ke ola o Bernard Baruka i kona ha awina kālai'āina nui kaulia'na maluna ae kālā. Me ka outbreak o ka Apana World War, oia ua hou i loko o ke kūlana o ka oihana koa, a? Aneiai kuhikuhi iā 'Amelika oihana. Mea hoʻopukapuka kālā Ua i he nui na makana i ka loli ma ka 'Amelika auhau nenoaiu. I mea, ia ua hoʻoili i aneiai mobilization o ka aina. Ole mau kumu aʻoaʻo, ua ai nui ia ma ka makahiki 1944, Pelekikena Roosevelt hoolilo i ka mahina i loko o kona pono-ike South Karolinska waiwai.

Peresidena a hiki laila'ōlelo akulaʻo Baruka, e alai i ke Komite no na koa-hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Mau kumu aʻoaʻo, Ua lōʻihi mokumokuahua e noho ana ma keia oihana, a wale no na formalities noi manawa no ka ninaninau e kekahi kauka e eʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o lākou iho ola i ano nui i oihana. Eia naʻe, iā Baruka huki me ka pane, kekahi Roosevelt kuhikuhi Harry Hopkins e hoohuli i ka pelekikena e haʻalele i kēia manaʻo. E like me ka hopena, i loko o ka playoff ka mua kanaka haalele i kona manaʻoi hāpai 'ia.

"Baruka Plan"

I ka MH 1946, i ka hakahaka no Roosevelt, Truman i kauoha mai ai Baruka i ka oihana o ka US elele a hiki i ka un komite kuleana no ka mea nukelea mana oihana puolo. E like me ia, i ke koho pelekikena kuhikuhi i lohe nuiʻia i loko o ka USSR. Ka mea e ma ka hālāwai mua o Baruka Kuleana i manaoia he pāpā ma nukelea mea kaua, a hana i ka hana ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o ka nui kino o nā'āina i loko o ka nukelea kula. AEeAaOA o hāpai 'i kapa ia ka "Baruka Plan".

Ma ka pōʻaiapili o incipient anuanu War, i ke kahe o nukelea palekana ua lilo hou kaʻenaʻena. Makau o ka'ātoma bombings ua nui, no ka mea, e like me kekahi mau makahiki aku nei, o ka US ho'āʻo i kēia mau mea kaua ma luna o nā Japanese kulanakauhale, ae hōʻike ana i ka horrific hopena o na lako kaua hou loa. Ua nema Aka restrictive Americans ka Initiative i loko o ka Kremlin. Stalin i makemake ole e pau ana i ka nukelea lima lāhui, a i ole ana i ka e hoʻolako, ke kaumaha ma muli o kaʻoihana o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ua hooleia "Baruka Plan". i ole i ke un lawa keiki, e hoolilo i hoʻonohonoho 'papahana e hoʻomōhala nukelea mea kaua.

Olelo ana mai o ke kaua anu, ka mea e e kaulana ia mea, ua Bernard Baruka i ke ola a hiki i keia hopuna'ōlelo, naʻe, e like me kekahi e like me ka wahi o ka hoomaopopo, o ka hopuna'ōlelo "anu kaua" i mua i loko o ka'ōlelo ma ka Winston Churchill. Ma hope iho o ka cessation o ka hana o ka un mea he kūpuna kuhikuhi hoʻomau i ka hana i loko o ka White House. He make ma June 20, 1965 ma New York ma ka makahiki o ka 94 makahiki.