Buinichi kahua - i ka mea paipai manaʻo luna '. Ke hoomalu o Mogilev

Ke Soviet Union, ua hiki ke olelo aku, komo aku la i ka Apana World War, e kau iaʻo Iosepa, unsuccessfully. Ka hoʻokikina Kelemānia koa literally kahili i sluggish, poorly o kāna mau hoʻolālā ia'ku ma kona alanui. Palaoa puupuu i hele mai i loko o ka Byelorussian mōʻaukala o Belarus hoomaka ae la e hoopiha i lono kaumahaʻaoʻao, mai ka lā mua o ke kaua.

Panic i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i hee aku ai

ʻO wai ka mea i pālahalaha aʻe ka manaʻo i ka Soviet Union i hoomakaukau ia ia iho, e hoouka aku Nazi Germany. Ma kekahi mau pōʻai, ka mea e hookomo ana i kekahi skepticism: ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma hope o ka hoike ana'ku o ke kaua, ke Army Red hoao iho la ia i ka loa nawaliwali hakakā ioeaie. Mea i olelo mai, ina i ka pule ma hope o ka outbreak o kaua i ka enemi ua mua ia Minsk?

O ka noho ana o ka hopu ana i ke kulanakauhale alii o ka repubalika mai i ka hoʻohanohanoʻana i ka Soviet kou akamai: no ka mea, he pōkole manawa i hoopuniia, a me ka 23 māhele o ka Western Front i ua luku aku. Ke pio huli 324.000 kanaka, a ua oi aku mamua o 300,000 ka i make: ka mōʻaukala o Belarus, mamua aku ike like me ka monumental ole.

He pono nō e hoʻokū morale

Stalin ia i ka hana 'ia i loko o kona ano keia ano, i mai la ma ka halawai o ka Politburo o ka mea i hōkaiʻia (e kau censorship) Lenin ka hoʻoilina. A ma luna o Iulai 22 o ka luna o ka Western Front, Pavlov a me eono'ē aʻe pūkaua komo i loko o ka hoomalu ana o ke kumukuai o Belarus, i hopu, a hooko aku la i na kipi. Major General Kopec makemake ole, e kali no ka mea inevitable weliweli hopena, a pana aku la ia ia ia iho ma hope o ke aʻo 'ana e pili ana i na poho hoʻonuiʻia ka mokulele i ka lā mua o ke kaua.

Mau ana i ke kōkua i ke kumu. Ma hope o ka loa ola pio ka Army Red i demoralized, ia mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻolako kiʻekiʻe-kbps kū'ē. Fascists aneane seamlessly neʻe i loko o ka'āina, ka hoʻolimalimaʻana Mogilev mea imminent.

Makaukau no ka mea e malu ai

Hoomakaukau ana no ka hoakaka ana'ku o ke kulanakauhale i lawe mai feverishly. July 5 mau Bakunin i noho luna ana o 61 mau pūʻali, kona hana i ka hoomalu ana o Mogilev. Ma ka ia lā, i ka mahele mau pūʻali i loko o ke kaua 'ana.

Ma ke kulanakauhale poe i hana kanaka ka militia. July 10, e pili ana i 12 tausani kanaka ka mea, i helu ia. I loko o kekahi mau lā, ka mea i hana i ka 'oihana nui:ʻeli Anati-pahu auwai, kukulu bunkers a me dugouts, eli iho mai i ka pau nenoaiu o ka' auwaha.

Ka nawaliwali lako hoike Memories o ka pololei i komo i loko o nā hanana. No laila, Voevodin colonel hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i kahiko ana militia ua he lahui luna 'hana. Koa aee, apparently, mea ai crammed mea i ka hana manawaleʻa huahelu, e hele aku ma luna o ke kaua wahi, a ohi i ka trophy (ka hapanui Kelemānia) mea kaua.

Kona mokuna militia e kali ana a ka mea i hiki, no ka titanic hana o ka'āina hoʻomalu: ka hoomalu ana o Mogilev he 23 lā a pau i ka make, akā, no ka mea kupanaha o ka heroism na defenders o ke kulanakauhale ole, he ma ka makehewa. Kela a me keia minuke o,ʻAʻole eʻole ia'ku e ku ei ka ke Kelemānia a pâʻani 'o ia: i ka'āina nui loaa i ka hoopai no ka mobilization.

People mama

Kūpono ma Mogilev kēia kanaka Kelemānia, hoomaka ae la ma 12 Iulai, ua koho 'ia i kona punahele nā kaʻa mokulele o "ticks". Ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ke kūlanakauhale ua hiki ke kiʻi a puni kŘpa a hoopuni: ka 53rd Infantry Māhele, hele mai ma lalo o ka brunt, i aiʻulupā, ka pilina me kona kauoha i keʻakeʻa. Akā, i loko o ka mea'ē aʻe ala e hiki aku ai ka Nazis loaa he nasty hou:ʻaneʻi moe ma ka hoohalua no kā lākou'ōlohe wiwo 172 Māhele ma lalo o ke kauoha o Major General Romanov.

Ma Buinichi kahua (kahi kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Buinichi) kaua i 388 la Infantry Regiment Colonel Kutepov. I ka wahine paha, o keia luna i lilo kaʻao. Ua ua he kanaka koa, e like me ka mea, e olelo aku, mai ke Akua mai: he loea, e koa hoʻi, kupono kanaka i mea ole makau i ka lawe kuleana.

Weliweli ke kaua ana 14 hola, i ka pōʻino ma luna o nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, ua alahula mau. O ka 70 Kelemānia poʻina nalu haalele ma ka Hopu, Soviet koa e hoʻokele e luku 39 lala ma hope hoʻomanaʻo aʻela hanana i mea kaua kākoʻo ua lawa lako, pakahi aku la ia ia me ka nānā 'ole i ka ammunition - unsatisfactory (a me kahi, ina oe e ai mamua ma ka hapalua like-July ka mea i lawe mai wale mai o ka lewa, a laila, i ka 1941, ka mea i aliʻi ai unchallenged Luftwaffe). Akā, e firebombs, a pono ole ia he regular kaua, pono-e iai? Oaiaaiiua koa, pono i hoʻolako pono me ka Nazis i haʻakoi e kuemi hope.

I kekahi lā, 13 July, 3rd kapa kila Māhele hoa paio i kekahi ho'āʻo e hemo mai ma i ke kulanakauhale, akā, hou holomua. Kēia manawa i ke kaua ana 10 hola. 172 Māhele a July 22 Ua paa Buinichi kahua (Mogilev alanui hakakāʻana o ua hoomaka i ka manawa).

Ole-e hānau ai Kelemānia hoʻolilo 'ia'

Ke ia'ku o ka Soviet poʻe hao wale i kaʻawaʻawa loa haohao no na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, ka mea i manaʻo ka mea pono, e hūnā, mai o kona aloha Führer ka i ka oiaio awaawa. Ka uku hai aku ma luna o lanakila ma loko o ka mahina kakahiaka o ka kūloko lanakila, a me keia i ke kumu o kekahi mau curiosities. A lohe o Buinichi pahu lulu iho la ia, mai ka Naita me ia o nā pūpū, a hiki e hoʻomalu aku i ka Mogilev Soviet poʻe hao wale, he Kelemānia koa kiʻekiʻe,ʻoliʻoli houluulu mai i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, ka poe i manaoio i ka lōʻihi manawa ia,ʻo ia i hele pololei i ka kūloko ke keʻena luna o ka Red Army.

Ma ka ia moʻolelo i loko o ka ahu fascists ka poe i hoopuehu ekolu kaa makana "No ka hopu ana o Moscow" - Hitler ikaika aku la ia i manaoio aku ai i keia momentous kekahi hanana pono a puni ke kihi (hiki'Āhewa ia ia me ia i ka nawaliwali kaʻike). Ole-haawi mau mekala nō nei, lilo iho la lakou i ka haʻaheo nona o Mogilev Regional Museum.

mau paʻa

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ke kula ua ole Buinichi pinepine ae la oia ike pehea kanaka pepehi kekahi i kekahi enthusiastically. ʻO ka 1595 ma laila i wahi he kaua koko ma waena o ke kua'āina kipi koa alakai e Severin Nalivaiko a me Duchy o Lithuania hao wale. Nā insurgents i ole e loaa ai (au ua nui kaiʻewaʻewa koa), akā, e hoʻokele e pakele. I ka 1812, ka Lūkini kauaʻaneʻi iā Napoleon ka poe koa. I wwii Buinichi kahua hou nui o ke koko-aloha `ia.

May 9, 1995 ma ka wahi, kahi i ikaika loa e kaua ana Soviet koa, wehe aʻela ia i ka mea paipai manaʻo luna ', papahana e nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone a me Chalenko Baranovsky.

Memorial eiiieaena

Ua ninoaaeyao oi ma mua o 20 eka, a hoʻomaka i ka puka e komo ai, hoʻonaniʻia graceful Arcade. Mai ka mea, kekahi o na ala ololi eha, e ke hiki i ka piko o ka haku mele 'ana - ka Capella, ma ka i koe iho o na defenders make o ke kulanakauhale. Ko lakou mau inoa (ka mea i ike) i kiʻi kālaiʻia ma luna o kinikini slabs kau ma ka paia o ka lumi.

Ka luna 'i He uukuʻimi hoʻopunipuni iʻa, a ua kapaia ka Lake o nā waimaka. He He symbolic i ka waiwai auhau i ka waimaka a me ke kaumaha o ka makuwahine, na keiki ka mea lawe aku i ke kaua. 'Aʻole loa, mai ka Capella mea i ka iau o koa pono, kekahi o i nā hanana ho'āʻoʻia.

kia i ka haku mele

Kekahi o na Avenue houʻia, mai ka piko mai o ka luna ', ua hoʻolaʻa' ia Konstantin Simonov, i ke kumu o na mea he nui na hana kaulana (i loko o 'ana, ka "E kali no iaʻu"). A laila, huki aʻela i ka pōhaku me ka hoʻomanaʻo palapalaia maluna penei ma Buinichi kahua hoopuehu i ka lehu o ka haku mele ma hope o kona make ana.

Simonov maoli hōʻike kū'ē i ke kaua e kaua aku ai:ʻo ia ua kokoke Mogilev July 13-14 a me kino i ike Colonel Kutepov, ka noʻonoʻo 'a me ka ' oihana e like ai , o kahi mea i hoʻomaopopo ai. Iloko o ke kaua, o Simona, i mālama ai i ka correspondent kaua o "Izvestia", a me ka kaua o Buinichi kula i kona hakakā ka hoao ana mua, nui iho la ia etched i loko o koʻu naʻau.

Ke heroism o na defenders o ke kulanakauhale i Konstantin Mikhailovich no laila, pīhoihoi lākou eʻike i ka mea, a hiki fussed no Mogilev hui kūkā nei i ka inoa o ka meʻe-kulanakauhale, pinepine ae la oia kipa, a hui me ka i komo i loko o nā hanana.

"Ae, ua e noho nei, e hoopoina ana au i"

'Ōlelo Aʻo Simonov "Hot Day" i paʻiʻia ma ka "Izvestia" ma Iulai 20. Mamua o ka haule ana o Mogilev, i kapaʻia no ka mea o ka mahuka A kulanakauhale koe ewalu lā, akā, i ka ikaika me ka i Soviet kaua noho kokua aku mokuna, ua lilo i ka maikai stimulus no ka hooikaika e ana oia i ka morale o ka Red Army. Mogilev hope i kapaʻia ai ka makua kāne o Stalingrad a me Buinichi kahua ua lilo ia i hōʻailona no ka ikaika no a pau, unbroken makemake, ka mea makemake, e pono ai ko lākou'āina mai o kaʻenemi.

Militarily, ka heroism o na defenders o ke kulanakauhale, pū,ʻaʻole i loko o make hewa: kā lākou mau hana i mālama ai i ka deterrent i komohewa, ua lilo waiwai manawa iʻaneʻi, a ua ma he uku nui no nāʻaoʻaoʻelua.

I ka mea paipai manaʻo eiiieaena "Buinichi kahua" - kipa wahi. Belarusians, i mau, hai aku i kona mau moʻolelo me ka malama nui: mālama no ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka haule koa, i ke aupuni 'i loihi kauhale, ae hōʻike ana i ka mahalo no ka heroism o ka poe i mohai aku la lakou ia lakou iho no ka pono o ke ola o ka hanauna e hiki mai.