Cognitive 'epekema: mōʻaukala, manaʻoʻike kumu, kumuhana, Pahuhopu a me kāu kiʻina hana o ka noiʻi

He aha hiki e aku, he pono ole ma kaʻike manaʻo, linguistics, e ao ana e pili ana iʻimi hoʻopunipuni manao a me ka pähola 'ana o ka naauao? A pau o ka mea ma luna ana hiehie cognitive 'epekema. Kēia ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ke kahua i këia ka cognitive a me ka noʻonoʻo' keʻano o ka hanaʻana 'ia i loko o ka lolo o kānaka a me nā holoholona.

Mōʻaukala o Cognitive Science

Kekahi mea kupaianaha na poe akeakamai nui Plato, a Aristotle ua hoihoi i loko o ke 'ano o ke kanaka ike. He nui na hana a me nā mea mahuʻi manawa o kahiko Greece i ua kau mua ma luna o keia kumuhana. Ma ka XVII kenekulia ka Palani mathematician a me ka poe akeakamai Rene Dekart popularized ke kālaikūlohea kekahi naʻauao o kēia 'epekema, i ka i ana i ke kino a me ka naau o ka poe ola, he poe e hana nona iho mea.

I ka mea kākau o ka manaʻo o "cognitive 'epekema" i ka 1973 lilo Manuela Longuet-Higgins, ka mea i aʻoʻimi hoʻopunipuni akamai. Ua hoʻokumuʻia kekahi mau makahiki ma hope Paʻi o Cognitive Science. Ma hope iho o kēia hanana, cognitive epekema lilo iho la i kuokoa ao ao.

E noonoo i ka inoa o ka meaʻoi aku kona koʻikoʻi noiʻi i loko o ke kula:

• Dzhon Serl Ua hana mai i ka manao hoʻokolohua i kapaʻia ka "Pake keena".
• Physiologist Dzheyms Makklelland,ʻimi ana i ka lolo.
• Steven Pinker - he hoʻomalu i loko o ke kula o ka manaʻike manaʻo.
• Dzhordzh Lakoff - linguistics kanaka noiʻi.

kēia cognitive 'epekema

ʻepekema, e ho'āʻo nei e hooiaio i ka hana pono i ka pili o ka lolo physiology a me ka noʻonoʻo 'ʻike manaʻo, hoʻohana' visualization. Inā ma ka hala kenekulia o kanaka ike paka i ole ia i loko o ka nui, akā, kēia manawa ka mea, ua komo i loko o ke ao o ka walaʻauʻana hana o cognitive 'epekema.

Ka hooulu ana o keia ao ana e like me ka a pau hilinaʻi nui maʻanoʻenehana holomua. No ka laʻana, ke kiʻi, ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole a nui i alakaʻi ai i ka hou ia mau nō lā hoʻi o ke ola a me ka hooulu ana o cognitive 'epekema. Kaʻimiʻana ae mai e ike i loko o ka lolo, nolaila, e noiʻi i nā keʻano o ka hanaʻana o kona functioning. ʻepekema, e olelo aku ia ma luna o manawa,ʻanoʻenehana holomua, e kōkua na kanaka a hōʻike mai i nā mea huna o ko mākou naʻau. No ka laʻana, ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka lolo a me ka Central ko mākou hopohopo kahua.

Ke kumuhana Ke mea, Pahuhopu a me kāu kiʻina hana o ka noiʻi i loko o cognitive 'epekema

A pau e pili ana i na kanaka naau, i ka XX kenekulia, ka mea, ua pono i ke koho koke ihola nō, no ka mea, ka manawa e hoao i ka pähola 'ma ka hana ua hiki ole. Ka manao ma ka lolo i hanaʻia ma luna o ke kumu o ka aie 'ike e pili ana iʻimi hoʻopunipuni manao, manaʻoʻike ia mea a me physiology o ke kiekie Central ko mākou hopohopo kahua.

Symbolism a me ka connectionism - panina ano o ka ho omaulia, hōʻikeʻia nani cognitive nenoai. Ka papa hana mua ua ma muli o ka manaʻo o aʻo Kīwala'ō o ke kanaka naʻau me ka lolouila me kekahi kikowaena aaioee pa alima a me ka aaioee oʻikepili kahawai. Connectionism loa ke kue i ka symbolism, wehewehe ana o ka incompatibility o kaʻikepili neurobiology o ka lolo hope. Kanaka manaʻo hiki ke noho hauma¯na kahi eʻimi hoʻopunipuni neural latike e kōʻikepili ka poʻe.

Cognitive Science he mamalu manawa like i manaoia E. S. Kubryakovoy i ka 2004 makahiki, e like me ka mea i ao ai ka loaʻa o ka helu o interacting makaainana:

• Kālaiʻike o ka manaʻo.
• Hoʻokolohua a cognitiveʻike manaʻo.
• ʻimi hoʻopunipuni akamai.
• Cognitive linguistics, ethology a me ka anthropology.
• Neurophysiology, neurology a me ka neuroscience.
• Hookomo cognitive 'epekema.
• Neurolinguistics a me psycholinguistics.

Kālaiʻike o ka manao e like me kekahi o na eiiiiiaiou o cognitive 'epekema

Eia ke ano o ke kuka nei lakou i keia hahau, he 'ano o ka ike paka i a me kona pili i ke kino ike maopopo (ka noʻonoʻo' waiwai o ka naʻau). Ka Amelika poe akeakamai Richard Rorty kapa modernity e ao ana no ia pono keia mau mea wale nō i loko o kālaiʻike.

Aia mea he nui helu o ka pilikia i kupu mai, mai hoao mai ana e pane i ka ninau o ka ike paka i ka. Kekahi o ka mea nui kumuhana apau loa i cognitive 'epekema haʻawina me keia hahau - ka mea, o ka makemake o ke kanaka. Nā materialists manaʻo i ka ike paka i - hapa o physical aku o ka lanakila a me ke ao nei a puni mākou mea pono subservient i na kanawai o ke kālaikūlohea. Penei, kekahi hiki hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i kanaka hana mea malalo iho o ke 'epekema. Nolaila, ua mea e kaawale.

Other poe akeakamai, a me Kant komo pū, hoomaopopoia i ka ike maopopo hiki ole e ihola ia kalele iho ma luna o ke kālaikūlohea. Proponents o kēia Hawaii manaoio i ke ku okoa ana oiaio o ka hopena o ka hana i koi 'ia ma ka kumu.

cognitiveʻike manaʻo

Kēia hahau haʻawina ka cognitive keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ke kanaka. Manaʻoʻike kumu o Cognitive Science kekahi mau 'ike ma ka hoomanao ana, manaʻo, noonoo, paʻakikī, Logical noʻonoʻoloi, ke hiki i ka e hoʻoholo. New haʻawina huli ana ike ma muli ma aʻo Kīwala'ō Me manao maalea, a kanaka cognitive keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ka loa, he pono ole manaʻo o ka psyche e like noonoo maalea, a me ka hōʻailona huli ana ioeaie. pāʻani Kūloko cognitive manaʻo a me ka meaola aayoaeuiinoe i na palapala he nui kūlana i loko o kēia ao. Kēia mau nenoai i ka hiki i ka paʻa, kūʻai, a auaiaea.

cognitive ethology

Ke hahau haʻawina o ka naauao hana ana o ka naau a me ka holoholona. Olelo ana e pili ana i ethology, hiki ole mai i ka manaʻo e pili ana i Charles Darwin. English naturalist ua kūkākūkāʻia,ʻaʻole wale e pili ana i ke alo o ka loka, manao, hiki e mamuli o, a aʻo mai i nā holoholona, akā, i ka hoopaapaa ana. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka ethology i ka 1973 ua lilo i Nobel laureate ma ka physiology Konrad Lorenz. Nä känaka 'epekema ike kupaianaha holoholona ana ke hiki, e hoʻouna i' ike i kekahi i kekahi, kūpono ma ka hoʻonaʻauao kaʻina.

Stiven Vayz, he Kumu ma Harvard University, ma kana hana ana me ke ano inoa "E uhai i ka hīnaʻi manu" like ana o ka Honua Honua mea wale kekahi ola a pau hiki o ka hana ana i ke mele, kūkulu i ka rocket, a hoʻoponopono i makemakika pilikia. Ua mea, o ka papa, ke kanaka kupono. Akā,ʻaʻole kanaka wale hiki e hihia lakou a pau, Miss, manaʻo, a laila, ma luna o. I ka "mākou kaikaina" i kamailio ana o ka mākau, nā mea pono, kūmau o ka hana a me ka aesthetic ano. Ukrainian academician O. Neurosciences Krištáľ kaulana ia i ka lā, ua lanakila behaviorism, a me ka mea hou ike i ka holoholona, e like me ka "robots ola."

cognitive kiʻi

Aʻo 'o hiehie ka' ana i kūpono a me kāu kiʻina hana o ka hōʻike o ka HW pilikia ma ka mea i kiʻi i ka hoʻomaoe hou akulaʻo e pili ana i kona hooponopono a hooholo i loko o kona olelo e lilo. Cognitive 'epekema Ua pili kēia mau' ana i kūpono i ʻimi hoʻopunipuni manao kekahi, i hiki ai ke hoʻolilo i kekahi kuhia kikokikona ano o ka hana i loko o ka figurative e hoohalike ai.

Da Pospelov hoʻokumu ekolu iniiaiie hana kiʻi kamepiula o:

• Ke Ana Hoʻohālike hoʻonaʻauao o ka ike, a hiki e ka mea e hoakaka i ka Logical, a makakū manaʻo;
• visualization o kaʻikepili i mea ole i hiki ke wehewehe i ka olelo;
• loaa ia mauʻaoʻao e hoʻololi mai figurative kiʻi i ka hoʻomanaʻo keʻano o ka hanaʻana, i hūnāʻia ma hope o kā lākou mauʻano.