Coulomb ka kānāwai

I ka wa i hiki uila uncharged electroscope maikaʻi 'ole io ka uku ole, ka mea hiki ke ike i na lau electroscope e diverge ma ka huina uuku a nui.

Prikosnomsya ka hoʻohana hoʻouila electroscope i ka wahie i ka lāʻau hahau, a me ka hoʻopaʻanaʻau i ka huina ma i na lau, e diverge. I mea e haawi aku i ka discrepancy lau electroscope ma ka nui huina, ia mea pono, e haawi ia ia i kauoha mai i ka nui wahi o ka i hoopiiia maile. Conversely, na lau akoakoa, ma ka hoʻopā ana o ka lima i ke koʻokoʻo o ka electroscope.

Pela, ua loaʻa i ka ikaika o ka uilaʻoihana ma luna o na kino o oi a emi. Nolaila, i kekahi ke olelo o ia i kekahi mea e like me ka nui o ka uku ole, a, mai keia wahi aku, ma luna o kona Ana.

Keia ua i hiki ai i ke aloha a hiki i ka puka ma ka pau 'ana o ke kenekulia XVIII. kānāwai o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka pila 'āhewa' ana. Kēia kānāwai i wehe i ka Palani physicist Coulomb.

Ua ike empirically Coulomb ka kānāwai: nä känaka 'epekema alakai ho okolohua me ka torsion koena, a ana i ka ikaika a me a ka hoʻouila mea launa pū'.

Torsion koena he poe Lightweight, ole-lawelawe,ʻaʻohe pou hoopii Ai Pohaku Ai kaulia ana ma luna o loa lahilahi metala uea i loko o ke aniani ipu o ka paukūʻolokaʻa shape. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ke kookoo ua ikaika mau pale lei o Cork, he ma ka 'ē aʻe - he counterweight. Kona peʻa'ākau o ka uea ua pili i ka waenakonu o ka hoakaka i ka laʻau kuhikuhi, a me ka unahiʻole, i hoʻokaʻa me ka mahele, a lawelawe 'ana i ka hooholo ua paa i ka nui o ka huina o ke Kai o ka uea i ke poo.

ka ipu uhi mai i ka puka ma i ka insulator ua noi ia kekahi, i ka ua mea poepoe b, i mea like me ka nui o ke kukui. I ka nui o ka angular mamao ma waena o nā kala gula, a me ka b. E pōpilikia ma ka mahele ana, a mea ma luna o ka paukūʻolokaʻa moku. E hana i kēia, e huli i ke poo o ke koena ma ka kekahi huina, e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mamao.

nā o ka poepoe e e hoopiiia, a hoonoho iho la ma kekahi mamao ma hope, lei'ā'ī ke hooholo i ka ikaika a me i na kala kōkua ', ma ke ana o ka huina o ke Kai nā huakaʻi.

Inā ka mea, ua mālama '-calibrate, laila, ana i ka huina o ka kuapo ana o ke poo, e hiki ke ike pehea paakiki launa pū' hoʻouila kala.

E like me ka mamao ma waena o nā kala lei'ā'ī loaʻa ia ma a eia i 'āhewa' ana i ka ikaika a me a lakou i launa pū ', e e inversely hapaʻauhau i ka palua o ka mamao ma waena o lākou ioauoa.

Kamaʻilio akula i ke ana aiee o ka 'āhewa' ana ma luna o nā lei ua like penei: ina o ka poepoe e malama, a ma ka wehe mai i ka nakeke, e hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me kekahi mea poepoe, i pono hapalua o ka uku ole, e hele aku i loko o kekahi poepoe, mai ka poepoe b. It pela, e kauoha hapalua. Kau ka poepoe e hoʻi i loko o ka mea, lei'ā'ī loaʻa ia ma like mamao ma waena o nā kala a me kā lākou AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN max emi iho i na manawa elua - 'ana hapaʻauhau ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka uku dala.

Like me, neʻe maila i ka poepoe mālama ua hoʻololi i kekahi.

Mahalo i kēia inā pilikia ka haumāna i wehe i ke kānāwai, i a laila lilo aku ia Coulomb ka kānāwai, i ka wehewehena o ka mea like penei: o ka ikaika o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o nā wahi 'āhewa' mea pololei hapaʻauhau iā lākou nui, inversely hapaʻauhau i ke kahua o ka mamao ma waena o ka 'āhewa' ana, a kauoha ia ma ka laina e hoʻohuiʻia kēia mau mea.

Coulomb ka kānāwai Amonton hoikeia ma ka haʻilula:

F = K (q1q2 / r²),

kahi q1 a me ka q2 - waiwai o ka wahi 'āhewa' ana i launa pū ', R - mamao ma waena o' āhewa 'ana, a me ke k mea he proportionality ololi e hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea pa alima e komo i loko o ka haʻilula.

Ma keia wahi hea ka 'āhewa' ana i mea ma luna o nā kino o nā mea a pau nui like 'ole a me nā kinona i ka mea i lawa ka uuku like me ka mamao ma i hoʻokolokolo ai lākou AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN.

Haʻawina i hoike i ka nui o ka ikaika F ua 'ole ma ka papa, a me ka haʻilula e expresses ke Coulomb ka kānāwai Ua pili wale nō i loko o ka hihia i ka wa a ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o hoopiiia kino i loko o ka holo.

Aie i ka Coulomb kānāwai Ua i pa alima o ka pila hookuuia. Pela, ma lalo o ka mea, ua manaoia o ka malama o ka hana ana ma vacuo ma'ālike kauoha i mea ma ke kaawale ana o kekahi kenimika, me ka mana o kekahi dyne. 'O kēia ka kāpae electrostatic pa alima o ka uku ole.