Echinoderms holoholona: hōʻike, inoa, photo

Echinoderms - he ano o ka holoholona. Ka mea hiki ole ke hoohalikeia me ka 'ole i ka' ē aʻe ano. Helehelena N. o ka holoholona kohu i ka pua, he hoku, he kaʻukama, he mea poepoe, a no laila, ma luna o.

Mōʻaukala o ke ao

Ke kahiko Helene haawi aku la lakou i ka inoa "echinoderms." Me ka Poeikohoia o kēiaʻano i lōʻihi i hoihoi i loko o ka kanaka. I ka moolelo o ke ao ua pili, i loko o 'ana, a me na inoa o Aristotle a me Pliny; a ma ka 18th, a kakahiaka nui 19th kenekulia ka mea, i? anoee ma na mea he nui loa-ikeiaʻepekema (Lamarck, Linnaeus, Klein, Cuvier). Aka hoi, ka hapanui zoologists i ka manawa o kekahi correlated me coelenterates, a me na ilo. I. I. Mechnikov, he Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema,' ike akula 'ia ka mea, i ka pilina me ka kishechnozhabernymi. Pahi hōʻike i kēia mau meaola ua pili i like poe o chordates.

Keʻano o nā echinoderms

I ko makou manawa, e loaʻa ana ka echinoderms - na holoholona e pili ana i ka pae ana o ka loa i aloha i hoʻonohonoho 'invertebrates - e deuterostome. Ka mea,ʻikeʻia ma ka Honua oi ma mua o 520 miliona makahiki aku nei. Ke koe o echinoderms i loaʻa i loko o sediments pili ana i ke kakahiaka nui Cambrian. Kēiaʻano kikowaena ma kahi o 5000? Ueo.

Echinoderms - kai holoholona, lalo, ka hapanui o ka i mea i paa ole-ola meaola. Emi, he pono ole e pili ana i ka lalo ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi kupaianaha anei i. Ke kino o ka hapanui meaola i aia ma luna o ka 5-kukuna, akā, i ko lakou helu ana ma kekahi holoholona'ē aʻe. Ua ua ike ia echinoderm poʻe mākua iʻeluaʻaoʻao symmetry, mai i kēia manawa ka loaa noa-auʻau larvae.

maloko 'ole

Nā 'elele o echinoderms i loko o ka subcutaneous connective, ahu iho e hoʻomōhala ana i ka iwi haku o calcareous papa a me nā paipu, kakalaioa, etc. N. Ma ke kino ili honua. Like i loko o chordates, mau meaola haumāna kino lua ua hanaʻia ma ke kaawale ana o ka intestinal mesoderm mauʻeke. Gastropor i ko lakou ulu ulu ole iho i loko o ka anus. Ma keia hihia, no ka waha larvae i hana hou ia.

Echinoderms holoholona i ka circulatory kahua. Aka inhalation ua ulu loa nawaliwali paha nonexistent. He mea pono e pokole hōʻike i ka 'ē aʻe hoailona o echinoderms. Ma kēia mau holoholona, eia i kūikawā nā loko o ka excretion. E aho primitive ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiie o meaola o ka hoihoi ia mai. Ua Ua Aia kekahi i loko o nā epidermis a epithelium invaginates maloko o ke kino.

mawaho 'ole

Echinoderms hiʻona pono e inā ma ka hiʻona o ka mawaho 'ole o kēia mau meaola. Ka mawaho epithelium o ke kumu nui loa o echinoderms (kai kaʻukama koe) mai cilia a ho okumu ana i kekahi papa o ka wai. Ka mea, e kuleana no ka hoolako ai, kinoea, e loaa hou a me ka maemae o ke kino, mai ka mud. Ke poi o echinoderms i keʻano o ka maʻi 'aʻai (hoomokuahana glow a me ka make), a me pigments, a haawi aku i ka kupanaha ano i mau holoholona.

Skeletal nā kumumea i loko o starfish - calcareous mau papa, a i hoonohonoho ma lonikū lalani, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO me spines, poʻokela ma waho. kai urchin ka kino ua hoomaluia e calcareous iwi. Ua ninoieo o ka puke o ka papa, paa i interconnected, me ka lōʻihi paipu, e noho ana ma luna o ia mau mea. Ma kai kaʻukama i calcareous kino, a i hoʻopuehuʻia i loko o kā lākou ili. Ka iwi o kēia mau meaola ma luna o ka wahi lulu kumu.

Musculature a ambulacral kahua

Musculature o kēia mau holoholona a hooku iho la muscular holehole mai ai a me kēia nāʻiʻo. Ua aʻoʻia muli o kona kulana maikai, e like me ka hiki i hoʻoneʻe kekahi a me kekahi holoholona. Ma ka hapanui laha 'o echinoderms ambulacral'ōnaehana lawelawe' ana i ka hoʻopā aku, ka hele, a me kekahi kai urchins a me ka kai lilia papahana no ka ha. Mau meaola i hoʻokaʻawale, ua ike lakou i ka hooulu ana o ka metamorphosis o ka larva.

Mea Maluna o echinoderms

Aia nō 5 papa o echinoderms: Brittle, starfish, kai urchins, kai lilia a me Holothurians. ʻAno ua maheleia i mau subtypes: neʻe 'elele i echinoderms hōʻike brittle hoku, holothurians, kai urchins a me starfish, a me nā mea pākuʻi - kai nā līlia, e like me kekahi mea ole papa. Ua Uaʻike e pili ana i ka laekahi 'ano eono tausani, a me nā ana palua no hoi me na mea ole. All echinoderms i meaola holoholona i noho wale i loko o ka wai.

starfish

Ka 'elele kaulana loa o ke' ano mākou i hoihoi i loko o ka starfish (Hawaii photo o kekahi o lakou, a hoike aku la ma luna). Mau holoholona no a hiki i ka papa Asteroidea. Starfish mai i accidentally kiʻi i ko lakou inoa. Ma kona ano, he nui wale o ia mau elima-kuhikuhi mai la lakou hoku a pentagon. Eia naʻe, he mau hoailona ia mea, ma ka helu o nā kukuna a hiki kanalima.

E nana i ka hana hoihoi kino i ka starfish, a hooku iho la ia kiʻi ma luna! Inā ka mea, ua nana e hoole, ka mea hiki ke ike i ka underside o nā kaola i lalani omo wāwae liʻiliʻi me ke omo kīʻaha ma ka hope o ka. Animal, no ia mau mea, crawling ma ka seabed, e like me ka piʻi vertical surfaces.

All echinoderms i ka 'auhau no kokololio e noho. Starfish kēlā me kēia mea nana i ulana, a i hookaawale ae mai ka kino, ia mea viable. He koke regenerates, a me ka mea hou kino mai mai o ia. Ka hapanui o starfishʻai nō ma luna o ka i koe iho o ke aloha mea. Ka mea, loaʻa iā lākou i loko o ka lepo. Kā lākouʻai nō hoʻi ka loaʻa o na kino o ka iʻa a me ka līoho. Naʻe, kekahi lala o ka starfish - Moana e hoouka aku kā lākou mau mōhai (paa invertebrates). Ma hope o ka pōʻalo ua loaʻa, e dumped mau holoholona i kona'ōpū mai. Penei, digestion o kekahi predatory starfish lawe mai. Nā kukuna o kēia mau holoholona i ka ikaika loa nāʻiʻo. Ua apono 'ia e hiki wawe ka wehe i ka clam kāʻei. Starfish e hiki, a luku aku ia poho ina e pono ai.

Ka loa kaulana mawaena o na holoholona hihiu o Acanthasterplanci - lei alii kakalaioa. 'O kēia kaʻinoʻenemi o meaola hāpāpā. Aia i ka hola 1500 laha 'i loko o keia papa (' ano echinoderms).

Starfish ke paʻi nā kiʻie a asexually no laila, (e noho). Ka hapanui o kēia mau holoholona - dioecious meaola. ka mea, ua hana Fertilization i loko o ka wai. Ke kino e hoʻomōhala ana i ka metamorphosis. Kekahi kai hoku ola mai i ka 30 makahiki.

Zmeehvostki (brittle)

Mau holoholona i mea i like loa me na hoku: ka mea, ua lahilahi, a lōʻihi kaola. Ma brittle hoku ( 'ano o echinoderms) hepatic ole appendages, ka anus a me ka hindgut. Ma ke ala o ke ola, ka mea, i kekahi like e starfish. Mau holoholona e dioecious, akā, e hiki hoi o nā noho, a me nā'ōlelo asexual. Kekahi? Ueo i luminous 'ano apau loa.

zmeehvostok kino (brittle) makana he i lalo iwi kuamoʻo kona anawaena o 10 knm. Mai ka mea haalele 5 a 10 Hoʻohana lōʻihi lahilahi kedera. Animals hoʻohana no ka neʻeʻana o ka curving kukuna me i kolo ma ka seabed. Mau meaola neʻe i loko o jerks. Ka mea, e unuhi mua o kona hui mau o ka "lima" a laila, ho opa ao ka päkaua ia hoʻi. Zmeehvostkiʻai ma luna o detritus a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Brittle hoku noho ma luna o ka seabed, ka huahuakai, ka pōhaku punakea,, kai urchins. Aia nō ma kahi o 2 tausani? Ueo. Mau holoholona i ikeia, mai ka Ordovician.

crinoids

Echinoderms, ua nui loa nā holoholona. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike crinoids e hoi no i kēia 'ano, hooku iho la ia ma luna. Mau meaola mea wale nō lalo. Ka mea, alakai he sedentary Aloha Hawaii. It E e ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia i kai lilia - keia mea he kanu,ʻo nā holoholona, hoʻowahāwahā lākou inoa ole. Ke kino o kēia mau meaola ninoieo o ka bola, ke kumu a me nā lima (brachiolar). Me na lima i wae 'ia ai (particles) mai ka wai. Most kēia? Ueo noa-mai kēia mau waʻa a me ka acaulescent.

Besstebelchatye lilia i lohi crawling. Ka mea, ke hiki au i loko o ka wai. Kā lākouʻai ninoieo o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, plankton, ka līoho residues. I ka huina helu o? Ueo ua oaeuiinoe ma 6000, a i ua a ianoiyuaa a poe emi o 700. kēia mau holoholona i, ua ike mai ke Cambrian.

Ke aloha i nā pōpō laha 'o ke kai līlia nohoʻano nui i loko o ka moana a me ka moana o na subtropics. Ka mea, i pili i na papa anuʻu loa kai mea. Ua Ua manaoio aku i keia miomio holoholona, akā, ma ka Mesozoic a me Paleozoic au, kā lākou kūlana ma na wai o na moana a me ka moana ua nui loa.

Sea kaʻukama (kai kaʻukama)

ka poe i kaheaia okoa kēia mau meaola: kai kaʻukama, hua capsules paha holothurians. Ka mea, ho i ka papa o invertebrates e like me echinoderms. Aia mau manao i ke kanaka e ai. Na na inoa o ka edible kai kaʻukama - "kai kaʻukama". Trepang o koʻu mau ma luna o ka unahiʻole, i nui i loko o ka Hōʻole akula Hikina. Aia nō i make kai kaʻukama. O kēia mau loaa likeʻole ai '(e laʻa me, goloturiin).

Currently poe ma kahi o 1.150 laha 'o ke kai kaʻukama. Me ka Poeikohoia o ia e māheleʻia i loko o 6 pūʻulu. Silurian - manawa, i ka loaʻa o ka mea kahiko fossils o ke kai kaʻukama.

Mau meaola oko mai nā echinoderms, oblong, spherical a ilo-e like palapala, e like me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka dermal iwi, a me ka nui, e hoike i ka mea, i ole nei iluna spike in. Waha o kēia mau holoholona ua hoopuniia ma aureole oia hoi o tentacles. Me ke kōkua o kēia mau kai kaʻukama ka hopu ai. Mau holoholona i ka lalo, naʻe loa pohihihi keia, a noho i loko o ka silt (pelagic). Ka mea, alakai he sedentary Aloha Hawaii. Sea kaʻukama hanai i ka poe liilii, a me planktonic silt.

kai urchins

Mau holoholona e noho ana ma ka lalo a kokoke i ka lalo. Ke kino o ka hapanui o ia mea kokoke spherical, a me ka hua-hoʻokino. Kona anawaena papa koa mai ka 3.2 hiki i 30 knm. Waho ua uhiia i ke kino me ka lalani o spike in o calcareous papa a me paipu. Nō kāu, o ka una honua ua fixedly i pili i kekahi i kekahi, ho okumu i ka iwi (iwi anuanu). Kēia iwi Aʻole 'ae' ia e hoʻololi i ka kinona o ka holoholona. I kēia lā, kai urchins, ma laila nō ma kahi o 940? Ueo. Ua poe i ka nui helu o ka laha 'i loko o ka Paleozoic. Currently, eia 6 papa, oiai ka loa iaʻi - 15.

Like no ka ai, a laila kekahi kai urchins hoʻohana 'ia ma ka ai make'aʻaʻa (detritus), oiai kekahi poe kepa mai na pohaku limu. Ma ka hope Ina o ka holoholona ka waha ua lako pono me ka kūikawā a mama i hoʻomākaukauʻia i kapaia o Aristotelian ipukukui. Ma helehelena mea kohu o kaʻepekema. ka huli 'ana kekahi laha' o echinoderms (kai urchins) me ke kōkua o ole wale no ka ai, akā, no ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka pohaku ma kaʻeli puka i loko o ia mau mea.

Value o ke kai urchins

Kēia mau holoholona - he waiwai ano o liluwelo kumu waiwai o ke kai. ʻO nā pāʻoihana hana hoihoiʻano nui lā o ka nāhelehele o ke kai urchins. In Japan a me nā'āina o ka Asia-Pacific māhele 'āina, ia mea he ono huahana. Caviar mau holoholona he nui biologically hana waiwai. ʻepekema, i na kumu mua i ka mea i loko o laila, hiki ke hoʻohana i ka maʻi 'aʻai like me ka pākōlea a me ka prophylactic Agena. No hoi, ka mea alakai i ka maʻamau ke koko, mahuahua potency, outputted mai ke kanaka kino radionuclides. Ua Ua maopopo i kaʻaiʻana huaʻai maoli ia'ku i nā mea palahēhē, kōkua me ka digestive'āpana illnesses, ho'ēmi i kā ka hopena o ka pāhawewe Inc, iaono? Ienoai i ka hana o ka 'īnea i glands a me ka thyroid, mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko nenoaiu.

Ua haawiia ka luna, ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i ke kai urchin - kai echinoderm, a lilo ae la ia i ka pa hookipa ana. No ka laʻana, Kepani e noho ana kēlā me kēia makahiki i pau ai ma kahi o 500 na tona o ka hua o ka holoholona i loko o kona kino palapala, a i mea hoʻonui i ka ipu. Ma ke ala, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka meaʻai huahana pili i nui ke ola ma keia aina, kahi poʻe noho ma ka awelika 89 makahiki.

Ma kēia 'atikala, wale i ka papa kuhikuhiE echinoderms holoholona i hōʻike mai iā ia. Lākou mau inoa, hopefully no. Aelike, ka meaola kai ka maikai loa a me ka hana hoihoi.