Epidural anesthesia: waiwai, contraindications, complications, hōʻike manaʻo

O ka lā, i loko o 'inikua nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau mea he nui loa o ka hana. ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao mea,ʻaʻole e hiki ole kūpono analgesia, anesthesia i ua pono e pono, ai ole e hoomanawanui ia kaʻeha makemake e unbearable. Ua nuiʻano likeʻole o ka anesthesia. He 'atikala nānā i ka mea epidural anesthesia, ma kekahi hihia, ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana' ia inā he mau contraindications.

He aha ka epidural anesthesia

Kēiaʻano o ka anesthesia o kekahi o nā kiʻina hana no ka 'āina' anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia - o ka hoʻokomo 'ia' o ai 'ana i loko o ka epidural makahiki o ka spinal kolamu ma ka catheter. Ma ka papa o ka anesthesia mea hiki ke kū i ka i kēia hopena.

• Loss o ka eha pā lonoaʻili.
• Hoemiia pahaʻaneʻane nalo nohona ma pā lonoaʻili.
• Muscle hoʻomaha.

Keʻano papa hana o ka hana o ka epidural anesthesia aie i ka mea i ka lāʻau komo iloko o ka dural lole i loko o ka subarachnoid makahiki, kūpono ma kekahi wahi e hooholo ia ana o nā aʻalolo impulses.

I ka rula o ka hana ana o epidural anesthesia

Ma kānaka, i ka spine a me ke aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale ma luna o ka'ā'ī i loko o ka dura. Epidural māhele'āina ua aia a puni o ka iwi, a holo ma ka spine. Nā aʻalolo ma ke ala e hiki aku ana o ka ai, i na mea kaua a me nā poʻohiwi i mea ku ei ka mea, i ko lakou li nui hiki aku ai i kaʻeha ma ka epidural wahi.

Ai 'lawelawe i loko o kēia ciia kumu o ka lilo o ka pā lonoaʻili, a dulling i ka eha. Ālai 'ka EYI o nā aʻalolo impulses, a haawi mai ia i ka hopena.

I ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka epidural

E manao ana i kēiaʻano o ka anesthesia hoʻohana iʻoki kino i loko o kekahi mau mea o ke kino, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka pilikia o ka palapala noi i e nui a uuku. No ka laʻana, epidural anesthesia ka pahu, groin, wawae a me abdomen mea emi risky ma mua o analgesia ma ka ai a me ka mea kaua. Ke ano o ia mau anesthesia no ka poo mea hiki ole, no ka mea, o ka mea innervation o ke kino ma ka mea o ka traumatic lolo kahua.

Epidural anesthesia ua loa pinepine i hoʻohana:

1. E like me ka kūloko anesthetic, ina i manaoʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao, no kekahi laʻana, i ka hana.
2. E like me ka adjunct i mau anesthesia, ina he mea hiki, e emi i ka helu o ia opioids.
3. Pinepine hoʻohana epidural anesthesia no cesarean pauku.
4. Ma ka postoperative wā no kaʻeha.
5. No ka iapaau ana o hopeʻeha. Ma keia hihia, no ka hoʻokomo o āpana epidural steroid a me analgesics.

He aha anesthesia e haawi makemake ia, mau anesthesia a epidural, ua hoʻoholo 'ia ma kēlā me kēia hihia i ke kauka.

Nā Papahana no epidural anesthesia

Kela a me keia makahiki i loko o ka arsenal o ka lapaau, he mea oi holomua dala, e lawe mai i kēia 'ano o ka anesthesia. I ka loaʻa o ke koho ana o kauka: mau paha epidural anesthesia, i ka hope o ua wae mai ai, ina he mea hiki. Great koho ana ai 'no ka hālāwai e leie aku oe e koho ai no kēlā me kēia hoomanawanui i ka loa e pono koho.

Ma waho aʻeo ia i keʻano o ka ai 'no ka anesthesia, ma laila nō keʻano o ka aoao ia anesthesia:

1. Ana. Ma keia hihia, ke anesthetic ua injected i loko o ka spinal kahua mau. Ma keia aoao e mea hiki ke loaʻa ai ka eha hoouka ma ka holoʻokoʻa wā o ka hana, a pela koi lāʻau emi.
2. Papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika hooponopono. ua hoakaka ia loaa ana mai o ka lāʻau wale ia he mea keia ka manaʻo pono.
3. Anesthesia no ka hoʻomanawanui i ka noi. I ka hoʻohana 'ana i kēia hana i ka hoʻomanawanui mea ma lalo o ka lima o ke pihi. Inā he mea i pono ai no ka anesthesia, laila, i ka wa e kaomi ma luna o ka mea i loko o ka epidural wahi i mālama ai kekahi hapa o ka lāʻau.

He kauka ka poe hana pela hoomakaukau, i mea hoʻi mai kēlā wahi paʻapū eha, akā, mālama i ke ka hoʻoneʻe, a ua haʻalele maopopo ike paka i.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, epidural anesthesia ua hōʻike

Ka hapanui o surgeons manaʻo i kēia hana o ka anesthesia mea kūpono ka wā hoʻohana ana ma ko laua mau wawae. Ua apono 'oe a hiki i ka eha wehe ole wale a hoʻonānea na nāʻiʻo a like ka nui me hiki, akā, i ka ho'ēmi i ke koko me keia poho.

Nāʻikepili no ka epidural anesthesia hiki i ka okoa ano, e like me:

1. He loa palekana hana no ka hakuʻala a me ka prostate.
2. Ua ua pili i ka abdominal lua a me ka uuku pelvis.
3. Hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia iʻoki kino ma ka opu, liʻiliʻi.
4. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka naʻau o nā maʻi a me ka mimikō.

Akā, i kēia 'aʻole i manaʻo i loko o ia mau pathologies ua mau hoʻohana' ia ka epidural. Na mea a pau ua hoʻoholo i loko o kēlā me kēia hihia pākahi.

Contraindications no ka hoʻohana

Epidural anesthesia i ka kēia contraindications: categorical a me ka pili. Ma ka waeʻano mua i:

• Ke alo aku o ka tuberculous spondylitis a me kona complications.
• O hoʻoʻino kaʻina hana i loko o ka hope.
• A moku'āina o ka hawewe i ka hopena o ka hewa.
• Ma ke alo o ka mahuahua pā lonoaʻili i ka ai 'i hoʻohana.
• Pathology o ka'emi ko kahua.
• Inā ka spine ua loa ino.
• O Nyos i ke kaʻina hana o ke koko clotting.
• Aia nā maʻi nui intraperitoneal lua.
• Ileus.

Pili contraindications mea nui, i kēia mau loaʻa:

• Overweight.
• I ka poe ilihune ano o ke kino.
• Maʻi maʻi o ka spinal kolamu.
• Children ka makahiki.
• Neurological maʻi.
• Hypotonia a he nui 'ē aʻe.

Ka mea e like ai o ka epidural anesthesia e hilinaʻi ole wale ma luna o ka na pathology a me ke ahonui o ka ola, akā, kekahi ma luna o ka lāʻau 'oe makemake e hoʻohana.

Epidural anesthesia ma caesarean pauku

I ka loaʻa nō nā mea a pau nāʻikepili no cesarean pauku, ia mea pinepine kahi o mau anesthesia ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka epidural. Kēia papa hana ua wae mai ma ka mua, e like me ka mea pono i kekahi mau aʻo.

Uluwehi O aaieieno? Ua i ma kekahi mau 'wahi ma ka pae o ka pūhaka ma ke aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale i aia i loko o ka spinal kaula. Ka lāʻau 'Ua lawelawe ma ka kūikawā Tube, he catheter iʻoki kino i kekahi manawa, e hiki nō ke kākau i ka lapaʻauʻia.

E like me ka hopena o ka anesthesia, ike paka i mea akaka, a me ka pā lonoaʻili ma lalo ke kāʻei nalo. A wahine ke ike, a lohe me nā kumu, akā, 'aʻole i haha aku ka eha.

I kaʻalo i ka poʻe uʻi a - epidural a mau anesthesia no caesarean pauku - e lawe i loko no o ka nāʻikepili a me contraindications no anesthesia.

Nāʻikepili no ia anesthesia

Loa pinepine, epidural anesthesia ua hoʻohana 'ia:

1. Inā hana hoomaka iho la mamua o ka manawa, no ka laʻana, ma 36-37 pule. Oia anesthesia relaxes na nāʻiʻo o nā pelvis, a me ke poo o ke keiki ka hoao ana i ka meaʻaʻole i nui haawe ana iloko o ka mua ma ka hanau ana Canal.
2. Loa hypertension.
3. Discoordination hana, i ka wa a na nā māhele o ka uterus aelike me ka loli iki pinepine '. Epidural anesthesia apono 'e hoonawaliwali i ka nui o na contractions.
4. Ma hooloihi ae i ka hana, i ka wa a ka lōʻihi manawa mea,ʻaʻole he piha hoʻomaha. Kēia hiki alakai i anomalies hanau, no laila, hoʻohana epidural anesthesia i kekahi wahine i loaa ka ikaika.

Contraindications

Ma waho aʻeo ia ka hoike, ma ka hihia o caesarean pauku e hoi contraindications no ia anesthesia, e loaʻa:

• Ke alo aku o ka li nui ma ka puncture paena.
• Infectious maʻi.
• An allergic naoh i ka lapaʻauʻia.
• Ma ke alo o ka uterine me ka makaʻu no.
• Inā ke keiki ua ke aupuni 'transversely a lawe i kēlā wahi.
• Puka pelvis makuwahine.
• Great kaumaha bebe.
• Inā ka wahine aole i makemake i kēia 'ano o ka anesthesia, na kumu hiki ole hana ia ma luna o kona makemake.

Mua ana i ka epidural anesthesia, nā waiwai, a me ka pono e keakea ia e noonoo.

Pono o epidural anesthesia no caesarean pauku

Nā pono o kēia 'ano o ka anesthesia nā:

1. Women ma ka hana i loko o ka naʻau,ʻaʻole nō he pilikia o ka intubation a wehena.
2. 'Aʻole loa o na keena naehana'āpana like no mau anesthesia, i mea pakahi aku la ia mea eʻoi aʻe no nā mea maʻi me ka asthma.
3. Mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko'ōnaehana mea i ka pilina paʻa, mai ka lāʻau hana i nā.
4. Hoopaa iho la i ka hana, e hana pili neʻe.
5. Me keia anesthetic hiki e mahuahua anesthesia manawa, mai ka catheter ua hookomoia ma ka anesthetic i kekahi manawa.
6. Ma hope o ana i ke lawelawe opioids no kaʻeha.

Ma waho pono, ka mea, e ke kaulana, a keakea o ia mau anesthesia.

Keakea o epidural anesthesia

I kekahi hana o keʻoki kino, e like me ka pono me anesthesia, i kona drawbacks. Ke keakea o epidural anesthesia nā:

1. Kuʻia anesthesiologist me ka hoʻokomo 'ia' o ka lāʻau, i ka wa a ka lāʻau i loaʻa i loko o ka moku. Kēia i ka hopena i loko o convulsions, he nihinihi emi i loko o ke koko,.
2. Aia He He pilikia o subarachnoid ka pahu kui, a hoʻomōhala ana i like me ka hopena o ka heluna spinal ai hoi.
3. No ka mea, ua anesthesia pono i maikaʻi nā mākau, like keia mea me ka loa luna 'anesthesia.
4. I ka lāʻau o ka hoʻokō wale nō i loko o 15-20 minuke, no laila, keʻoki kino hiki ole ke hoʻomaka koke.
5. Aia He He pilikia o lawa ponoʻole eha ke kokua ia nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale oo ka mea,ʻaʻole SafeSearch, a ho'ōla i ka discomfort i ka hana.
6. He mea pono e akahele koho ai 'no ka anesthesia ma ka cesarean pauku, e like me kekahi e kela kapa o ke keiki, a i naehana hanu' ole a me ka fetal naʻau kōmi.
7. Ma hope o kaʻoki kino hiki ke ikeia hoʻi eha, headache.

E hana i ka poʻe uʻi a pono, ina oe e i ka caesarean pauku, epidural a mau anesthesia, e pono ke kaumaha i ka "pros" a me "Con." Lawe i ka mooolelo o ka na contraindications, a koho i ka loa e ponoʻano o ka anesthesia.

Complications o epidural anesthesia

Epidural anesthesia complications haawi loa pohihihi, eia nae na hihia a me ka ike. Loa pinepine Kuhikuhi 'ia:

1. Y 1 o 20 nā mea maʻi, i ka lāʻau 'aʻole e hana ma, a me nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū ua ole loa wahi, ka mea,' o ia hoʻi i analgesia e e ineffective.
2. Ma ke alo o ka coagulopathy ka pilikia o ka i pēpē.
3. Accidental poino i puncture o ka dura mater e alakai i kulu o cerebrospinal loli i loko o ka epidural māhele 'āina. He fraught me ka headache ma hope oʻoki kino.
4. A nui mahele lāʻau o ka eha ka lapaʻauʻia i eʻawahia, a e inefficient blockade.
5. Aia paha eʻaoʻao 'ole, mai ka hoʻohana' ana i ho'ākāka 'ia ai' anesthetic.

Mai pau loa ma luna o ka mea hiki e manao ia epidural anesthesia hopena o loa ola i hāʻawi mai ma na mea pohihihi keia hihia.

Reviews e pili ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana o epidural analgesia

kino kēlā me kēia mea okoa, aka, ina kekahi tolerate mau anesthesia, no ka mea'ē aʻe pahuhopu i epidural anesthesia. Waikiki ia mea holo nōhie maikai.

maikai e like ai analgesia, na wahine iloko o cesarean pauku e ike i na hana o nā kauka, a lohe i ka uwēʻana o kona kamaiki koke ma hope o ka hānau loa nā mea maʻi hoʻokaʻaʻike mai. Aia He He manawa maikai no me ka nui loa ho'ēmi i ka eha ma hope oʻoki kino.

He nui makuwahine i aku nei au ia ina oe i kiʻekiʻe ke koko, hoʻohana a epidural anesthesia e leie aku oe, e malama i mooolelo ma ka maʻamau huahelu, i wale he maikaʻi ia ma luna o ka hana.

Akā, me ka hopena maikaʻi hōʻike manaʻo, a hiki ole ke hana. Kekahi e hoomanawanui i haha eha ke ola ma hope o ia he nui headache, eha ma ka hope. Aia nō ka poʻe i loko o i ka lāʻau wale i ole e hana, a me ka blockade o nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale i i hiki mai.

Ke huli nei ma nā mea a pau i ka nāʻana, e hiki ke kikoo aku i kekahi wale ka hopena: kekahi 'ano o ka anesthesia pono kupono hoʻomalu hoʻokokoke. Inā hiki i ka simplest o ka anesthesia e hanaʻole,ʻaʻole e hoʻomaulia i ka laʻau heluna o kekahi oihana lapaau, e mea hiki ke kiʻi hua'ōlelo i makemake 'ole, i kekahi manawa mea nui, a me ka mea e olelo aku e pili ana i ka epidural.

All nīnau pono e mālama '-negotiate me kou kauka, no lailaʻoe i ole i undesirable hoike ana.

O ka holo ana, ia makemake e loa hemolele ina mea i ole e pono aiʻoki kino, a no ia mea, makemake ole e pono ai a me ka anesthesia. Akā mākou realities o ke ola ka poe hana pela i kekahi manawa i ka hana hiki ole ke käpae 'ma ka mea e malama i ke ola a me ka ola. E malama no oe ia oe iho, a noho ola.