'etolina'okesaside: hana, hoʻohana

'etolina'okesaside - Ua achromatic methane cloying ma o na la nausea aroma reminiscent urethane. Waiwai kėia ka oxygen. Hoopaakiki hoi i ka wela o ka - 115 ^{° C,} a ma ka wela ana o 12 ^{° C} ua minimized ma ka aniani moakaka hoʻoneʻe läÿau, me he pungent aftertaste. I ka waiwai a pau Ua hiki wawe ka wailana i loko o ka wai,'eto ka waiʻona, a me ka walaʻauʻana mea. Ma ka hoʻololi kemikala me ka oxygenic i pahū.

mōʻaukala 'ike

'etolina'okesaside Ua loaa i ka 1859 ma Farani nä känaka 'epekema, ke aloha chemist Charles-Adolphe Wurtz. Ua lilo i ka mua o ka poe i hoʻokolokolo i ka makana i huiʻia a me kona qualitative ano, ma ke ana o ka lākiō o ke ana wela i a ka'etolina'okesaside maʻi hēhē. Initially,ʻepekema manaoio i ka'etolina'okesaside, ka physico-Nine Inch kiko'î a me nā 'ano, he mea like me ka ke aloha kumu. He He misconception ana a hiki i 1896, oiai 'ē aʻe noiʻi (Bredig a me Usov)ʻaʻole i loaʻa ia'etolina'okesaside mea,ʻaʻole he electrolytic waiwai.

No ka lōʻihi manawa mea, ua hoikeia mai kekahi wale ano o pono extracting ka'etolina'okesaside mai'etolina iho. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia e na mea he nuiʻepekema. Akā, i ka 1931, compatriot Charles, Himik Teodor Emile Lefort, ua hana hou i kekahi papa hana no ka'okesaside o'etolina pono, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke kālā'ūhū. Kēia hana, hana ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20th, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i ka manawa.

Nui quadruple ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o'etolina'okesaside

Ke nä känaka 'epekema mua nana i hana i ka'etolina'okesaside ma ka'okesaside o ka waiwai hoʻohana i oxygen, a me ka kala accelerator ua Emile Lefort. He Ua Palapala Sila Nui i keia hana i ka 1931. A kaʻina hana no ka hana'etolina'okesaside Hoʻololi 'pinepine ae loaa ana a me ka likeʻole nā kinolau ma ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiie.

Ka poʻe mua i hoʻokō i hanalima iaoia no ka pololei'okesaside o'etolina, mai 1995, o ka poe UCC (Union Carbide Inc). Aia ua hoʻohana 'ia ke kaʻina hana, i kapaia o "meteor" i ua wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana, haahaa poʻo waiwai kūʻai. Ka lehulehu, ua hookumuia ia ma 1917 ma Richard Wells. 'etolina'okesaside a me ka glycol kanu hana, a kanu no ka lā. Kēia poʻe kuai i ka iaoaioa, i loko o kēia manawa,ʻo ia kona'āina hoʻoili, a loaa kona palapala noi wale nō ma nā hana a pau ia ia no hoi, a me ka? Iaeoe? Oi ma mua o 25% o nā hualoaʻa a nona iho.

Ka lua o ka huakai ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka like iaoia, akā, no ka nui o ka laha ana ma ke ao nei no a hiki i ke' ano o ka'ōnaehana i ae ia, o Ho oholo Wae Design Company, Inc. Mai 1983, keiki, he oi aku 95 papahana, ma kahi o 27% o ke ao nei nona iho a me ka 80% o nā mea a pau i ae ia? Iecaianoaaiiuo o'etolina'okesaside. Ua hoʻokumu i ka poʻe i loko o 1946.

Ke kolu o ka poʻe e hoʻohana i kēia iaoia o ka Shell International Nine Inch BV hui ma lalo o ka Royal Hōlani Shell poʻe, hoʻokumu i ka 1907. Ke ano o keia hana mea okoa, mai nā Manufacturers, excessive e koi no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o'etolina'okesaside a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola ana o ka desiccant (ma 3 makahiki). Ka poe huna oi ma mua o 45% o ke ao nei 'auhau i ka paka.

Ka ha o ka hoʻohua - Japanese poe Japan Catalytic Nine Co. Ua hoʻohana i ka laikini papa hana i like me ke ano Ho oholo Wae Design, i hookupaaia hui i ka hookahi eiiieaen, hoʻohuiʻia i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o'etolina'okesaside a me ka'etolina glycols. Japanese hui hoʻokumu i ka 1951.

'etolina'okesaside - ka mea nui i loko o hua'ōlelo o? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ke aloha huahana ma ka global Nine Inch oihana puolo. Naʻe, ka mea i emi iki mahope o ke kekahi mau waiwai, e like me'etolina, propylene, ethanol, metanola, benzene, vinyl koloriside, styrene, toluene, 'ole. D. Ka-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo o'etolina'okesaside a pau, a koe lua wale no ka nui o ka polyethylene a me ka mea wale 14%. Kēia hehee ai ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o polyethylene glycol, polyethylene'okesaside copolymers me polypropylene'okesaside, ili honuaʻeleu waiwai kikokiko i kaʻaila demulsifiers fumigants.

Amo o ka waiwai

Kaʻina kaa ia lŘlŘ ma mea o nā ipu, a me nā hue poʻina nalu. 'etolina'okesaside ua hūnāʻia ma ka poʻina nalu i ka ekolu tausani. ^M3 i ka wela o 15-20 kekelē Kelekia ma, ma lalo o ka puʻe o 7-19 kgf / knm ^2. 'etolina'okesaside mea heʻawahia waiwai i paʻa o keʻano ukiuki, intoxicants a heʻawahia waiwai. Me ka noho nanea oe o i kinoea komo iloko ma ke kapa a me ka lole kamaʻa, e kauoha ana i kaʻoi allergic pane, a ma ka hui 'ana me ka maka mucosa -'ā.

Na hoailona o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana me ka'etolina

'etolina ua hoʻohana 'ia i lohe nui i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā mea paahana no ka maikai, ola a me ka oi. Loa pinepine, ka mea, ua hou:

• varnishes;
• a pena hoʻi;
• nā'uheheʻe;
• antifreeze;
• soaps a me detergents;
• nā mea hoʻonani a me nā mea e maʻemaʻe ai;
• antibiotics, a oi.

'etolina'okesaside sterilization ua pinepine ia ma ka ke kanaka no ka disinfection o ke kinoea type. i ke ehuehu o mākou i kēiaʻawahia waiwai ma luna o ka kela la i keia manawa. Pinepine ana PE pili i kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana o ka'etolina'okesaside. E noonoo i na hoailona o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana a me ka hana epekema.

Intoxication'etolina'okesaside

Nā symptoms o ka huʻi intoxication mea:

• headache paha pōniuniu;
• meaʻalaʻono i loko o ka waha;
• nausea a me ka luaʻi;
• redness o ka maka;
• mau nawaliwali;
• ole Kal;
• lōlō o ka lehalehu t nāʻiʻo;
• nawaliwali naoh o na haumana i ka malamalama;
• convulsions;
• ake hoʻonui a me ka hoʻohuikau o kona hana.

colossal kaʻapu kōheoheo

Maʻi kaʻapu kōheoheo mea he mau symptoms:

• ikaika aku Customer hoopii o ka headache;
• ami eha;
• pilikia a me ka gastrointestinal'āpana;
• tremor manamana lima lima i mua;
• sweating a me ka glaciation lala;
• emi ma ka pā lonoaʻili, etc.

Ma hope o hui 'ana me ka ili' ilikai ke kumu no ka dermatitis me ulcers, a hele pu me ia e kuni a me ka kiʻekiʻe koko leukocytes.

Ka mua kōkua i ka nāna. lapaʻau

Inā ka hoʻomanawanui ua makaʻuʻole lawa e kiʻi iaʻu iho i loko o ka maka o ia hoʻi, ma ke kumu o ka'etolina, pono e akahele, a no ka manawa lōʻihi, e holoi i ka maka me ka wai maemae, laila nīnau aku i ke kauka.

Ma hope o Hoʻokaʻaʻike me ka ili ia urgently pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ili me ka pulupulu swab i hooluuia i ka waiʻona. A ma hope iho, holoiʻia ia i ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi me ke kopa a me ka wai a me ka pono me ka lanolin.

I nui loa na hihia o kaʻapu kōheoheo nā mea maʻi e:

• hou lewa;
• ka maluhia a me ka wela;
• ka oxygen inhalation;
• Nā wikamina B1, B6, B12, a me ka kalipuna;
• waiwai'ākilikai ka wai;
• dropper nānā 'ana i monakō koko me ka ascorbicʻakika;
• caffeine a me ka kordiamin.

Sterilization hoʻohana'etolina'okesaside

'etolina'okesaside Ua loa mahalo like me ka sterilizing hope paha. I ka manawa mua i ka'etolina'okesaside kinoea me ke disinfectant hoomaka e hana i loko o ka forties o ka hope kenekulia. Aie i ka mea i ka waiwai i loko o ke kinoea-e like palapala, he mea pono i loko o ka'ōpala o ka 'inikua kani, a pepehi microorganisms. Kēia hana i hoʻohana 'ia no ka hapanui o na mea, a ua ikepili koʻikoʻi i kiʻekiʻe mahana, humidity a me kaʻawahia. Mai'etolina'okesaside pili i kinoea make, sterilization ua lawe mai i hōʻailonaʻia keena.

Kēia hana o ka disinfection ua noʻonoʻo pono i nā mea maikaʻi o nā kiʻina hana ike. Aaioee hana keia iaoiaeii ninoieo o ekolu anuu.

1. First hana hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana me ka lewa, huli hou ae la ka mahana a me ka humidity.
2. Ua piha ke AEeAaOA me'etolina'okesaside kinoea, a kali i kekahi manawa i ka 'inikua mea hana i ua sterilized.
3. Pana aku au i degassing e wehe mai i ka'ōpala koe o corrosive kinoea.

Hydration o'etolina'okesaside

'etolina'okesaside loaa hoʻohanaʻano nui i loko o ke kūkulu likeʻole'etolina glycols. Hydration o'etolina'okesaside i loko o ke kinowai moku'āina ua lawe mai kekahi i ka alo o kaʻakika catalysts ma ka wela o 50-100 degere + 'ole ma lalo o puʻe me ka accelerator i ka wela ^{o ka} 200 C. Ma ka hapanui hoopii, e hoʻohana i ka lua o ka hana ma ka ana puʻe, e like me kekahi kaumaha nāʻakika a laila huikala i ka loaa waiwai nui, a me ia mea e pono e pili hou ano o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana.

Ma hope o hydration o'etolina glycol i - poe noonoo ole diatomic ka waiʻona. Ke hana mau kohu ka bata. 'etolina glycol mea odorless, colorless, i ka meaʻai. Mea heʻawahia waiwai i ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o detergents. Kekahi o ka mea wale nō kēia e ho'āʻo ana e hana ia me he pani no ka waiʻona, a hiki aku i ka make.

Ma waho o ka mea i'etolina glycol ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hoʻolako' detergents, e like me ka mea komo i ka 'ole a me nā huahana.

• antistatic konohiki;
• polishes;
• o ia hoʻi, mai ka icing;
• ua hou i ka anuanu maila ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele o nā kamepiula 'ē aʻe, a hi;
• ma ka liʻiliʻi nui ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o holika no kāmaʻa;
• hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea e pahū.

Kanawai o ka'etolina glycol ma luna o ke kino

'etolina glycol ua pinepine hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka pā aaioee a me na hale a me ka wahi nui, e like me ka hopena o ka noi' ana i manao no ka holoi, inhalation o na nahu ia lŘlŘ. E makaʻuʻole ana o ka waiwai hiki ke kiʻi i loko o kou waha, akā, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole lawa no kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana. Nui likelihood o ka make i haawiia mai i ka poe ake hana pinepine i, e hana me ka 'ona i pihaʻi me'etolina glycol. Kēia waeʻano nā O Keaukaha a me ka poe hana o Nine Inch mea kanu.

Symptoms o kaʻapu kōheoheo

1. Ka loiloi mua wā mau 12 hola, a ua hoike mai ke hōʻemi iki intoxication kanaka. Kēlā wā i kēia wā hoikeia headache, nausea, intermittent ka luaʻi, mehana nawaliwali. ka malamalama meaʻalaʻono ke hele mai i keia mai i ke kanaka. Akā, me ka mau, o ka maʻamau moku'āina o ke ola.
2. He umikumamalua hora o ka mana maikaʻiʻana, he mea kekahi ano o ka holo i loko o ka makahiki o kou mau kino, headache, nausea, a me ka 'aʻe' ana o ka paʻakai-kalipuna mail, ka luaʻi. Abdomen a lumbar nāʻiʻo hoʻomaka i ka ia hou ae la oia.
3. A liʻuliʻu ma hope iho e hōʻike hoailona o CNS poho: lilo o ka ike paka i, mai kuni, cramps.
4. ʻaʻa puʻuwai ole e hoʻomōhala ai ma ka lima o ka lā, pulmonary edema, cardiac hana ua wāwahiʻia a ua hoemiia ke koko.
5. Make ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka pule ma muli o ka hoʻokō 'ole' naau, pulmonary edema, a me ka pilikia ma nā puʻupaʻa, a akepaʻa.

Easy kaʻapu kōheoheo ikeia ma hope ana fumes, a ua wehewehe aku ma ka pōniuniu, nausea a me ka nawaliwali. E hoola i ka luahi, e pono e hele i ka haukapila mua 12 hola i hala ma hope o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana.