Friedrich Schiller: Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu, manaʻo

i ka ai-kapa au mai o "Sturm und Drang" Hana Hou o Friedrich Schiller - kuhikuhi ana i loko o ka moʻokalaleo o Hawaii, no ka i i wehewehe aku ma ka rejection o classicism a me ka hoʻololi i Romanticism. Ua huna ma kahi o elua makahiki: 1760-1780 makahiki. Ua Ua koho ia e ka lehulehu ākea o na hana o ka kaulana kākau i Iogann Gete, Christian Schubart a me na mea e ae.

Pōkole Kawaihae o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Duchy o Wurttemberg, i i hanau Friedrich Schiller, Ua aia ma ka ?? eoi? O ka Uhane Roma aupuni a pau. Ka haku mele i hānau i loko o 1759 i loko o kaʻohana o nā meaʻeʻe moku mai ka lalo papa. Kona makua kāne i kekahi mau 'inikua Hope, a me kona makuwahine - ke kaikamahine o ka kahuai. Naʻe, i ke kanaka opiopio loaa hoʻonaʻauao i ka pono: ia i aʻo i ke Koa Academy, kahi āna i aʻo kānāwai a me ka jurisprudence, a laila, ma hope o ka hoolilo ana o na kula ma Stuttgart, i i lapaʻau.

Ma hope o staging kona mua acclaimed hula "i ka poe powa," ka mea opiopio kākau moʻolelo i a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia mai o kona hanau duchy, a me ka bulk o kona ola i loko o Weimar. Friedrich Schiller i kekahi hoa o Goethe a hiki hoʻokūkū ana me ia i loko o kākau Mele. Mea kākau leʻaleʻa o ka kālaiʻike, mōʻaukala a me ka poetry. He ua palapala iho la i ka Kumu o ka honua mōʻaukala ma ke Kulanui o Jena, ma lalo o ka aoao o Imanuela Kant philosophical hana, pū ma ka hoʻopuka puke, ka hana Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke "Ora", "Alemanaka o ka Muses." Playwright make i loko o Weimar i ka 1805.

Ka hula "i ka poe powa" a me ka pomaikai mua

I ka wā ma lalo o ka nāʻanaʻana i waena o ka wā kamaliʻi, ua loa mahalo i ka pilialoha naʻau i loko, a ua i lawe pio aku ai, a Friedrich Schiller. I ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo iki i emi iho kona hana i na kēia: ka pathos o ke ku okoa ana, noʻonoʻo loi o ke keena ke kaiāulu, aristocracy, ano hanohano, a me ka empathy no ka poe, no ka mea kumu, i hooleia e keia lehulehu.

Famous moʻolelo loaʻa ma hope o staging kona hana keaka "ka poe powa" i ka 1781. Kēia hula i kekahi i kekahi mau mea naʻaupō a me ka pompous pilialoha fervor, akā, ua hāʻule i loko o ke aloha a me ka Mea Nānā pahi hōʻeuʻeu kuka a me ka wela o ke kuko. Ke kumu o ka haku mele 'ana i ka theme like o ke kaua ma waena o nā hoahānauʻelua, Karl a me Manuela Moor. Sinister Manuela imi i hao wale i kona kaikaina waiwai, e noho ai, a me ka mea i aloha ai - Kuzinu Amaliyu.

Oia hewaʻo Charles, e hele i ka poe powa, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, ua hooponopono iho i e malama i kona hanohano a me ka hanohano hanohano. Ke huahana ua i ka pomaikai nui, nae, i lawe mai i ka mea kākau ma ka pilikia: no ka mea, o ke aliiwahine wa e kaawale aku, oia, ina ua hoopaiia, a a laila kipaku mai kona hanau duchy.

hana keaka 1780s

"Poe powa 'pomaikai ua paipaiʻia nā'ōpio playwright e ho okumu i ka helu o ka maikaʻi-ikeia na hana i lilo i Classics o ka honua moʻokalaleo. I ka 1783, ua palapala mai i ka hula "me ka hana malu a me ke aloha", "kipi o Fiesco ma Genoa" i 1785 - "Ode i Peace". Ma keia moʻo, ka mea e e kaukahi, no na mai (essay) "me ka hana malu a me ke aloha", a ua kapaia ka mua "bourgeois pōʻino", e like me ka mea i hana i ka manawa mua i ka mea kākau moʻolelo mea o ka noʻeau i nā kiʻi i ole pilikia maikai, nā aliʻi, a me ka hoomanawanui ana o ka poe noonoo ole kaikamahine o ka haahaa kumu. "Ode ia Peace" ua manaoia kekahi o ka maikai na hana o ka mea kākau, ka mea i hōʻike iā ia iho,ʻaʻole wale nō ke novelist nui, akā, i ka maikaʻi loa haku mele.

Hana keaka o na 1790s

Friedrich Schiller leʻaleʻa o ka moolelo, ma i na kanaka a pau i palapala i ka helu o kona mau dramas. I ka 1796, ua hana mai i ka hula "Wallenstein", hoolaa i ka luna o ka makahiki he kanakolu Kaua (1618-1648 makahiki). I ka 1800, ua palapala mai i ka hana keaka "Maria Stuart", a nui aku la mai ka mōʻaukala realities, e ke kumu o ka noʻeau e hoohalike ai o ke kaua ma waena o nā wahine ka loaʻaʻana. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole naʻe, i ole detract mai i ka pono o ka palapala, ai 'hana keaka.

I ka 1804, palapala iho la Friedrich Schiller ka hula "William E hai mai oe", hoolaa ai i ka paio ana o ka Hawaiian kanaka e ku e'Aukekulia rula. Keia hana ua permeated me ka pathos o ke ku okoa ana a me ka Kuokoa i ua ai ano o kaʻike hoʻokumu ka poeikohoia o ka "Sturm und Drang". I ka 1805 o ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoomaka hana ma o ka hana keaka "i loaa ia Demeterio", hoolilo ai i nā hanana o Lūkini mōʻaukala, akā, i ka hula noho paʻa hapa.

Value hanaia'na Schiller oe

Radio ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ka ole nui ma ka honua moʻomeheu. He aha kakau iho la Friedrich Schiller, ka mea, ua i ke kumuhana o ka uku kuala o Lūkini haku mele V. Zhukovsky, Lermontov, ka poe i unuhi i kona mau Mele. Ole ka hana keaka playwright i mālama ai i ke kumu no ka hana ana o ka nui ke keaka mele o ke alakai Italian i ka haku mele o ka XIX kenekulia. Beethoven hope loa hapa o kona kaulana iwa o Symphony kau ma luna o ka "Ode ia Peace" ma Schiller. I ka 1829, Rossini i hana i ke keaka mele "William E hai mai oe", ma muli o kona hana keaka; keia hana a ua manaoia kekahi o ka maikai na hana o ka haku mele.

I ka 1835 G. G. Donitsetti kākau ihola he keaka mele "Mariya Styuart", ua komo i loko o ka moʻo o kana wahine mele, hoolaa i ka mōʻaukala oʻEnelani XVI kenekulia. I ka makahiki 1849 G. D. Verdi i hana i ke keaka mele "Luisa Miller" ma muli o ka hana keaka "Love, a me ka hana malu". Opera i ole loaa nui hiʻona, akā, ua kanalua wahine kānaka apau i mākaukau. Ke'ī mai, i ka aoao o Schiller ma ka honua moʻomeheu mea nui, a me keia wehewehe i ka hoihoi i loko o kāna hana, a ma kā mākou mau lā.