Gram-maikaʻi a me ka gram-io koʻohune

Ke ao nei mai o koʻohune mea surprisingly like, a nui loa kona waiwai. Ka mea, i loaʻa wahi: i loko o ka lewa, o ka lepo, ma luna o kanaka ili, kona mucous. Ma lalo o kekahi ana, na koʻohune e pilikia i kānaka, ma o na la kaumaha maʻi. i oluolu i ka pono me ka antibiotics paha iʻike mau antiseptics, mai ka mea 'ē aʻe, e kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o ka hailona ka paʻakikī i kekahi o ia mau mea. No laila, i loko o kaʻike,, like hoʻi me ka hookohu o ka iapaau ana kaʻawale Gram-maikaʻi a me Gram-io koʻohune. Kēia hana o ka mahele ana i microorganisms, ua manaoia ma ka XIX kenekulia, akā, ua nō i hoʻohana i kēia lā.

Ke ao nei mai o koʻohune

Ke aupuni o ka meaola i laila, like a me ka paʻakikī i ka loaʻa, e hiki laekahi 'epekema i ole? Anoee ia loa. Aia nā koʻohune e ola mahope aku o ma kiʻekiʻe ana wela a me ka mai e make a hiki ma hope o hooloihi ae i hoʻolapalapa oiai kekahi poe e make i ka iki loli ma ke ana wela a me ka haku mele 'ana o ka papa, no ka mea hoike ma hope o ka hou o ka maʻamau kōpaʻa. Kekahi microorganisms a māhuahua i ka hoki ma kaʻakika hānai methane 'ole' ē aʻe Nine Inch.

Koʻohune - keia mea na meaola loa kahiko a me ka loa he ākea i loko o ke ao nei. Ka mea, i loaʻa wahi a pau: ma luna o ka papakü, i loko o ka lewa, i loko o ka lepo - a hiki ma hohonu nui i loko o ke kino o ke ola kanaka. A, 'epekema ua maopopo ia na keena o koʻohune i loko o ke kanaka, he 10 mau manawa oi aku ia mamua o ko lakou iho. Kekahi koʻohune pono e ola e hiki mai ana i nā mea e noho ana, oiai kekahi poe i 'Imi cooperating ana me ia. Ka mea hiki e pono paha i like ka maʻi. A, i ka pono koʻohune i loko o ka umi o ka manawa hou ma mua o ka pathogen.

Ua nui microorganisms i pono. No ka laʻana, ka poʻe i noho i loko o ke kanaka naʻau liʻiliʻi, limahana ma digestion, a mālama iā ia, mai nā mea palahēhē. Kēia lactobacillus a me ka bifidobacteria. Ma ka kanaka ku una lua o ka hale a hiki i kahi o 40 miliona laha 'o koʻohune, akā, wale 5% o mau pathogens. Aia nā microorganisms i ka pae'āina ma ka decomposition o ka wao nahele. Akā, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka pono koʻohune nō hou pathogenic laha 'o ia e lawe mai i ka puu o ka hewa e, e like me ka mea e hookomo ana pilikia maʻi. Hiki i keia manawa, he wahi lihi iki o kanaka a puni ka honua make mai tuberculosis, cholera, tetanus, typhoid, botulism a me nā nā mea palahēhē. He Nolaila loa nui e aʻo pehea e pāʻani aku me ke ao o ka koʻohune.

Gram i hookohu aku i

A ke kanaka i huli no ka aoao e pono infectious maʻi. Ma hope o ka mea i hoike i ke ola ana o pathogenic koʻohune,ʻepekema e ho'āʻo ana e classify ia, e loaʻa mai ana, e hana me ia. Ka pono alanui i manaoia ma 1884 ma Hans Christian Gram kauka. O nani na mea, akā, informative, a ua nō i hoʻohana i kēia lā. Ma keia hana, okoa gram-maikaʻi a me ka gram-io koʻohune.

Dr. Gram hoʻohana ma o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o microorganisms poni kalameaʻai, a hoʻomaopopo i ka mea amenable e hookohu aku i kekahi o lakou, oiai kekahi poe - ole. Ua Ua ike ia keia mea ma muli o ia 'o aeea pā o koʻohune. No ka mea, e haku ana i kēia mau meaola o kekahi, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa elua keena, no ia mea mea mea nui ia i ka paa iwi. Nolaila, o ka halepaahao pa ka mea, i ka luna '' ole. Ka mea, e mālama mai i ka anal o ke kinowai ka maloko kaiapuni. Ka loa paʻakikī 'ole i loko o Gram-io koʻohune. Ka mea, e hoʻopale ai i ka anal o ka tuha, gastric wai a me ka 'ē aʻe ke kinowai.

Ka papa hana Gram i ka hoao ana meakino ua malamaia lakou nei, me ka aniline kalameaʻai, koho iodine, a laila, holoiia me ka waiʻona. Ma ka Ia Gram-io koʻohune i discolored, a me Gram-maikaʻi lawe ma luna o ka uliuli waihoʻoluʻu. Ma hope reparse io ulaula kalameaʻai ioeo i e nā pōpō i nonono, a me ka make microorganisms i kohuia brightly.

Noi o ka hana ma ka laau lapaau

Gram i hookohu aku i no ka hookaawale ana o ka microorganisms ma gram-maikaʻi a me ka gram-io koʻohune he hoʻonui i ka hana o microbiological noiʻi. Ua kōkua e kuhikuhi i ka ia'ku o pathogenic laha 'ia ai', e hoʻoikaika hou antibiotics e hakakä ia. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he ikaika aeea pa o Gram-io koʻohune mea ia insensitive i ka mau antibiotics. A hinu hauna o Gram-oluʻolu microorganisms, naʻe loa manoanoa, akā, ua permeable i fluids a me antibiotics.

Gram-maikaʻi a me ka gram-io koʻohune

Gram i hookohu aku i 'ae' ia mahele a pau meaola i loko o nā pā nā pūʻulu. Ko lakou mau helehelena a me nā 'ano kōkua, e koho i kekahi hana nui kūpono o infectious ka maʻi. Gram-oluʻolu koʻohune, i koke 'ia nā pōpō uliuli aniline kalameaʻai, palapala spores, exotoxins, no laila ia mea nō pilikia ke ola. Akā, kā lākou mau iwi mea permeable i ka antimicrobial ai '.

Like pono me Gram-oluʻolu, Gram-io koʻohune - pathogens o ka maʻi kaumaha. Ka mea, e i hana spores, a ma na hihia e opportunistic. Akā, ma lalo o kekahi rula, e hoʻomaka e pee endotoxins, a i loa li nui, a intoxications. No ka mea, o ka luna 'halepaahao pā' ole ka mea, e kokoke insensitive i antibiotics.

Ke kanaka kino he elua o kēia mauʻano o microorganisms. Ka pololei ka lākiō o ka gram-maikaʻi a me ka gram-io koʻohune malama maʻamau vaginal microflora, liʻiliʻi, ku una lua. Kēia kōkua e hoʻopale ai i ke kino, mai nā mea palahēhē.

gram-maikaʻi

Ka hapanui o koʻohune i amenable i hookohu aku i ka poni kalameaʻai,ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka permeable ke kelepona hele pa, e pilikia ana i kānaka. O nā streptococci, staphylococci, Listeria, Bacillus, Clostridium, mycobacteria, actinomycetes. No pilikia Staphylococcus aureus, a pepehi nō kona nāwaliwali ke kino a me ka untreated koke hiki aku ai a hiki i ka make ana o ka hoʻomanawanui. Akā, ka mea, i kekahi mau mea kōkua ma lacticʻakika lactobacillus.

Gram-maikaʻi koʻohune lakou aloha ia i ka ÷ naehana hanu'āpana, i ka naau Muscle, lolo a me ka ili. Ka mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka purulent maʻiʻaʻai i loko o palapu, ke koko kaʻapu kōheoheo.

Nā maʻi ka mea, i

He gram-maikaʻi koʻohune i ke kumu o ia, he pono ole infectious maʻi e like me:

• tonsillitis, pharyngitis;
• sinusitis, otitis Media;
• ka rumatika;
• koko kaʻapu kōheoheo;
• pneumonia;
• li nui o ka lolo;
• anthrax;
• foodborne maʻi;
• botulism;
• diphtheria;
• tetanus;
• kinoea gangrene.

gram-io koʻohune

Papa inoa ia o kona kulana nui, akā, i waena o lākou, ua nui ka poe i ole lawe mai i kekahi 'ino i ke kanaka. Mau meaʻano nui opportunistic microorganisms. Ma lalo o maʻamau rula, e noho i loko o ke kanaka kino ole ma o na la ia ia ia ka poino. Ka loa, he pono ole i na kēia mau Gram-io koʻohune. Kind no e lauwili.

• proteobacteria;
• Pseudomonas;
• chlamydia;
• meningococcus;
• Brucella;
• spirochetes;
• gonococci;
• Helicobacter.

Microorganisms ka mea, i pena i loko o ka poniʻeleʻele o, ka mea, ua ku paa auanei me kekahi nā mea'aʻaʻa a me antibiotics. Nolaila, mai, kena ae la ia ia, ia mea loa paʻakikī i ka pono.

He aha maʻi i

Ma lalo o kekahi mau kumu, Gram-io koʻohune i ke kumu o ka maʻi kaumaha. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka luna 'wahī o kēia mau microorganisms i loko o ka make ana o na mea he nui ke hookuu aku oia toxins mea e hohola a puni ke kanaka koko, a kiola loa intoxication. Ua huli mai i ole pathogenic koʻohune ia lakou iho, a oi loa aku hoi i ko lakou aeea pa - lipopolysaccharide, ahu iho i ke kumu no ka'ōnaehana paleʻea pane. i ka hooulu ana o ka li nui lakou alakai. Akā, inā i ke kanaka ka e hoʻonele i ka mea, ia mea maʻalahi ke Makuakane me na microorganisms, a me na nā mea palahēhē ia mea e ka weliweli.

No ka Gram-io koʻohune i koʻohune mea i gonorrhea, syphilis, meningitis a me ka ÷ naehana hanu nā mea palahēhē. No na koʻohune ia buyout kumu naehana ka hoʻokō 'ole a me ka urinary'āpana, i ke gastrointestinal'āpana. Gram-io i ka pono-ikeia pathogens e like Proteus, Escherichia, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella. Ka mea, i salmonellosis, meningitis, typhoid ke kuni, ka hī koko. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea ia hoʻopale microorganisms i kuleana no ka loa nosocomial nā mea palahēhē. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mea hiki ke ola mahope aku o ke ahiahi, ma hope o ka nui disinfection.

I ka hana o kēiaʻike i loko o ka iapaau ana o ka maʻi

Ma kaʻike, o ka maʻi, e hooholo i ka nui ka hoʻokō lapaʻau ua koi 'ia e pili i ka Gram ano no ka hoomaopopo ana i microorganisms i kauoha aku maʻi: Gram maikaʻi paha Gram io koʻohune. Antibiotics i hoakaka ia ke kaumaha ma muli o kēia. Ma hope pono i koho lapaʻau hiki wale aggravate ke kulana.

E hoʻoholo i ka pathogen hoʻokolokolo sputum, nasal, a vaginal hookuuia, feces Ka Ikepili, synovial loli paha pleural. Kēia Eia kekahi laʻana i na hoopai ana i ka hookolokolo e Gram i hookohu aku i.

Ka loa paʻakikī e hana mai, kena ae la ia e Gram-io koʻohune. Holo nōhie, ka mea, ua olohelohe ia lakou i kekahi hui malu pu ana o nā antibiotics, a hou hanauna ai '. Ka hoʻokōʻana e ku e ia lakou hiki e "Ampicillin" a me "Amoxicillin", "Chloramphenicol", "Streptomycin" a me ka pae o cephalosporins. Ka mea, hiki Makuakane me ka pāʻili lahilahi o ka koʻohune.

Knowledge o ka 'ole o ka mea koʻohune pa mea hiki, e hoʻoikaika i ka ka hoʻokōʻana o ka iapaau ana o infectious ka maʻi.