He aha ka ka inoa lua o Troy?

I ka moolelo o ka haule ana o Troy, ka luahi o ka insidious Odyssey, hoike mai ia mākou, mai ka laulā maʻamau - aʻaʻole ma luna o ka mōʻaukala, a me ka moʻokalaleo. Homer, kekahi o ka mea kahiko Classics Eia kekahi laʻana, i kāna moʻolelo o ke kaua, i kūpono i loko o ke kūlanakauhale ikaika i ka lukuia, a me kona poʻe e noho ana - e pepehi a hookauwa. Kekahi inoa o Troy ma Helene pili kūpono loa - Ilion (wahi aku, ma ka mea, o ka inoa o na hana kaulana: "Iliad").

Ke kaao ana no ke kumu o ke kulanakauhale

Wahi a ke kaao, i ke kulanakauhale i hookumuia oia mud - ka mua, ke alii o ka Trojan me ka 'ike lākou kūʻauhau: kona makuwahine ua he nymph. I kekahi lā, ua hele aku la i ka ń a me ka luku aku iā lākou, ma kahi o ka noho i ke kiaha, a mau mekala i kanalima kauwa o nā sexes, a (he oiaio, ua surprisingly) no bipi. Ke kahi e'ōlelo ai iā ia, e kūkulu i kekahi kūlanakauhale, i kahi o ka holoholona i noho - IL i hana ai.

Wahi a ke kaʻao, ma ke ano o ka pomaikai o na akua ma ka puka a hiki i ke aliʻi halelewa mai o ka lani, Nakulukulu no kekahi laau kiʻi o Athena. Hope Il kukulu ia i loko o ka hanohano o ke akua wahine o ka luakini, a me ka luakini ola (albeit intermittently) no kenekulia.

Legends a me kaʻepekema hypotheses

Au pono aku nei au i ka māmala'ōlelo no ka pono o ka inoa lua o Troy -, i loko o ka 'epekema pōʻaiapili,' aʻole e nana mai oe i kekahi mau Ilion. Ka mea, ua maopopo i keia kulanakauhale ua. Hoike no keia, a me nā kaʻao a me kaʻoihana o ka hoalauna, a me ka Conerade i ua hanaiia mea likeʻole kahiko kanaka i (ko Peresia, no ka laʻana). Apparently, ua nui loa aku kou mana a me ka noho pomaikai i kēia kūlanakauhale, akā nō kaʻana kakaolelo ka Ilium o "Iliad" (Ua haawiia i ka ike āpana o nā kaʻao a me nā moʻolelo), a me ka pololei i ke kulanakauhale anei ola i loko o ka wa kahiko.

Ke kapakai a kekahi mau kumu, ka mea hiki ke ea i ka hooponopono iaʻikeʻiaʻaneʻane nō i loko o ka 3rd Ka Wā Kaukani BC. Ua mea maopopo e ike loeaʻikepili ma luna o kona kiko'ī wahi, Hawaii, a no laila, ma luna o. D. Now kiʻi lā paʻakikī (ina i hiki ole i). No ia na hoike "hookahuli ai e pili ana i ka hoike ana," a me ka hoolako wale hou ai no ka muli o hou hypotheses.

adventurous i ka manaʻo nui

Aia hoi, no ka mea hoike, i ka mana, e like me ia i Ilion - ole kekahi inoa no ke kulanakauhale o Troy, a me kona kapikala (ma ka oiaio, no ka mea, Troy - kēia moku'āina). Kekahi kumu koi ia ma ka mea i impregnable pohaku, hīmeni e Homer, ka mea akā, Constantinople: i ka Emperor Constantine hoʻoholo i kūkulu i kekahi "hou Rome" "ma ka paena o kahiko Ilium", a ua manaoia i ka aina hanau o na Mamua o ka mau loa City (hoomanao i ka "Aeneid" Virgil). No laila, e huli mai i ka inoa o kēia au o Troy - Kou? Kekahi. Nā kākau o ke kuhiakau hele hoʻi ia: apparently hope hoʻololi i kona naau, a Constantine hoʻoneʻe i kona kapikala hou i ka Byzantium kahiko.

Other kumu e hana i ka mea mahuʻi e, e like me ka inoa lua o Troy - Ilion, a me Ierusalema - Elia (Elia, Ilion) Capitolina, ia mea he hiki i keia mea i kekahi, a me ka ia kulanakauhale, wale kapa ia he wahi okoa no i ke ano o ka kūloko olelo . Version mea iki adventurous ano, akā,ʻo ia kekahi mea adherents.

No laila, i ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he fantastic manaʻo i kekahi inoa o Troy - Atlantis. Kēia hopena ua puhi ma ke kakahiaka nui 90-ies o ka hope kenekulia, a ua nānā 'ana ma luna o kekahi mau mea like mele nā loina o kekahi kanaka hana' ike loea. Naʻe, ke 'epekema ao nei, aole ia eʻakaʻaka ma luna o kēia kumumanaʻo.

ʻepekema kūʻiʻo

Inā mākou e nānā i nā kūʻiʻo, e hai ana mai i nā inoa o Troy, a ma ka palapala kahiko o ka Heta, nā aliʻi. Kēia kumu He nō mōʻaukala a me kaʻepekema. Akā, e like me kēia mau palapala, ka mea, ua i ka ia, a me nāʻokoʻa kulanakauhale. Akā, hou: unanimity like ka mea,ʻaʻohe aʻaʻohe. Ma ka hopena, i ka mea i ka mea kahiko Heta mea pono ka mea i makemake i ka heluhelu ma kēia moʻolelo.

I loko nō o ka "haunaele a me ka vacillation" i loko o ka me kēia ao nei, o ka loa he ākea ka mana, i hākālia nō ia:

• hanana i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka hana kahiko, ua lawe wahi;

• kekahi inoa no ke kulanakauhale o Troy - Ilion;

• Ua Ua Aia wahi i kuhikuhi mai la lakou Homer ( "Iliad" i loko o kekahi mauʻano piha hana - hoʻokahi wale papa inoa o Greek moku i ke kumukuai).

Enthusiast o archeology

He mea kumu i (a me ka nui) manaoio i impregnable pā, hōʻike 'ia ma kahiko poem, i loaa i ka makahiki 1970 ma ka archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann enthusiast. A o kekahi hapa o ka lehulehu ua hoʻi i hāliu mai ia ia, e hoi: mai makau i ka mana, e olelo mai, ina o ka hanana a me ka wahi i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka "Iliad" - ole aku ma mua o ka nā kaʻao, a ua loaa ka ae e excavate a nō i ko läkou' o ka kahiko hooponopono kokoke i ka puu Hissarlik, ma ka mokuna o ka Ottoman aupuni a (e! - Tureke).

Special Education Schliemann ka mea, ua i avid kānana o ka makapo haku mele ole, ua akā,. Manawa Ja heluhelu "Ka Iliad" i loko o ka naʻau o ke keiki i loko o kakahiaka kamaliʻi i kākauʻia ma ka inoa o Troy: i ole ia he mea hiki ole ke wehewehe i ka mea i ka pāʻoihana, he makua kāne no keiki ekolu, he kanaka hou opiopio i hele ai i loko o ka huli ana o ke kulanakauhale, ma i kakaikahi i manaoio aku ai i nei.

Kawaihae o ka aeoaeuneiai archaeologist - hoomakaukau kōmi'ōkuhi no i Hollywood maikam: hānau i loko o ka ohana o ka hune kahuna, i loko o ke keʻena kauhale ma ka Polish-German palena, Schliemann i kekahi mau Hawaii, ua hoano e na Hawaii, ua i loko o Rusia, i mare i ka unloved wahine i haalele ia ia, hele aku e imi i kona moe, a halawai me kekahi hou kuko: opiopio Greek wahine Sofia. Ka mea, ua i kona mau poo, manamana lima a me nā'ā'ī, ua hoʻonaniʻia me nā pāpale aliʻi, a me nā pūpū i apo i loaʻa i loko o nā hanaʻeliʻana. More o 10 000 mea o ke gula! Ua ua he maoli waiwai.

Gold - he pouli mea ...

I ka hopena o kekahi mau hoʻohoka waiwai. Schliemann i loaa (a pau a me ka hapa o, ke Akua ke ike) i loko o ka Pelelina Museum, kahi a lakou i maluhia, a nalowale iloko o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua. Aia mau kumu, ka poe e olelo aku nei, aole nae ke gula i loaa ma hope o ka 'opi o ka USSR i loko o Rusia, a 'o ia hoʻi i loko o ka moku'āina Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha (pakahi aku la ia i ka leʻaleʻaʻeleʻele,) a hooku iho la i poe kauwa iʻike maka i ka pomaikai ana o ke kulanakauhale, hīmeni ma ka Homer nui.

Schliemann ua loa laki: i kona manaopaa pilikia. Naʻe, kēia manawa ka mea, ua hoolilo i ka loa noʻonoʻo loi: lawe mai i ka hanaʻeliʻana, ka makou e olelo aku nei, kekahi barbaric ala. Ma ke ala i loaa waiwai loaa Schliemann "wāwahi" ka ehiku (!) Nohona Kanaka papa o kahiko maikai ana, aneane me ka lōkahi ia, a me ka mai mai, a hiki ae la i ka lalo "a hiki i ka naau", a oki iho la ma ka penultimate kiʻekiʻe. Mai olelo aku i kekahi mea, "ke olonā i" hana.

painstaking noiʻi

Hope archaeologists (ole amateurs a me ka 'Oihana), ike ka poe a pau i eiwa mau papa ano' ē aʻeo ke kenekulia, haule iho la i ke kulanakauhale i loko o palaho, ka mea ulu - a me kēlā me kēia wā i haʻalele kona hoailona ma na kapakai o ka Aegean kai.

I ka hoʻomaka o ke ola o keia hooponopono paha ia i he okoa inoa: ke kulanakauhale o Troy ia iho i loko o ka 3rd Ka Wā Kaukani BC. e ka. ʻAʻole nō i hiki ole. Me Kinohi Culture, ahu iho ia akulla archaeologists poe hooponopono anawaena o ka pono hoʻokahi haneri mau mika. No kona manawa, ka mea i maikai ka pā,ʻano ikaika 'ole, i ka luku, ua manaoio aku no lakou ia i ke ahi.

Schliemann excavated, ahu iho ua like ia mahope iho, a me nā lā hoʻi i ke kolu o Ka Wā Kaukani BC. Ua haawiia i ke Trojan War, kēia moʻolelo lā i ka pau ana o ka lua o ka 'akomi i wale hiki ole homegrown archaeologist artifacts hai aku i na koa o ka "Iliad", e like me ka mua o nā hanana i weheweheʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa hoʻokahi tausani makahiki. Akā, "Troy helu elua" Ua nō luku i ke kaua: i kēia, e like me kānakaʻepekema, hōʻike i ke ano o ka make.

Over ka mea e hiki mai ana elima kenekulia, i ke kūlanakauhale e loa paha i maopopo loa, ua oi aku. ʻepekema, ua loaʻa i kumumea o ka pomaikai, akā, i loaʻa i hoike o ka hoʻololi iho. He olelo lealea i "Troy ka helu ekolu, eha a me elima," ua like nani kulanakauhale i haule ma maalea Odysseus - hai aku ai i ka wā o ke ola o Troy i helu eono a me ka ehiku, a no laila, i nā hanana i wehewehe ia ma ka "Iliad."

Hanaʻeliʻana Ua hoike ka i koe iho o ka nui i paa i ka halealii i kūkuluʻia i loko o kēia wā, nā pā 4-5 mau mika manoanoa. Ka mea, ua maopopo ia ma waena o nā makahiki 1800-1025 BC. e ka. kahiko loa Ilion (ina oe nō manaoio i keia mea i ka lua o ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale o Troy) ulu, a kaa iho la me ka hana maʻamau. A e nā paia o Troy, ua i luku helu 6 e kanaka, a me ke olai, laekahi naʻauao e ihola i ka manaoio ana i ke kaua, i kūpono i ka Susana nui, hina iho la, pili ia i keia (1800-1250 GG.) A i 'ole ma hope (1250-1025 GG.) Wā .

Romance a me ka mea i hoʻohalahala aku o ka lanakila

Ma ka poetic ka hōʻike o ke kumu o ka ulia i ka wahine maikai (a ina oe i kona külana like me ka nawaliwali ke keka, a hiki goddesses, ia mea i kekahi, akā, eha). Wahi a ke kaʻao, ka Trojan luna Paris i ka (a, no kekahi'ē coincidence, ua kekahi he kahu hipa), he ka mana noho ekolu o Olympus: Aphrodite, Hera a Athena me ka noi 'ana e kuhikuhi i ka loa nani o ia mau mea.

Ke kanaka opiopio hiki ole hooholo, a laila, hoomaka ae la ke akua wahine, e kaumaha aku ai ia ia i ka pono a pau palaho, apparently, ma kanaka a pau. Kekahi i olelo mua iaʻi mana, kekahi - i ka pomaikai ma ka oihana koaʻoihana, a me ke akua wahine o ke aloha, na olelo o ke aloha a me ka nani o nā wāhine.

Ma ka pōʻino coincidence, "kipe" i mare i ke Spartan ke aliʻi, akā, i ka i i hooki i ka meʻe. He kidnapped i ka wahine o Menelaus, ka mea, kākoʻoʻia allies, a hemo ke kaua e kū'ē i ka makua kāne o Paris, ai hoopuniia a hiki i ke kulanakauhale o Ilium (Troy lua o ka inoa).

Cynical kēia noiʻi manaʻo i aloha laina - nonsense: loa paha, hoomaka ae la ke kumu o ka discord i ke kālā a me ka ole i loko o ka māhele 'āina (e like manawa a). Ka pololei komo o nā akua, hoi, i oi aku o ka fiction. Akā, ma ka hōʻike o ka wahi, "Iliad" a me ke ola kumumanao o ke kulanakauhale ua'āina pololei.

Ke aupuni o ka manaʻo

Paha ka wehewehe mea puni hoʻi: ma hope o Troy ka helu 7 Ua lukuʻia i ke kaua, ma hope o 2,5 kenekulia hoomaka hou ia e noho i ka Helene - keia manawa i ka hana oiaio o Homer. Ua i ole lawe nui manawa, i ka i koe iho o ke kulanakauhale kahiko i Ua kŘpa a "hawaiian". Mea kākau o ka moʻolelo ua hiki pono o ka nakinaki fiction i ka ike maopopo, e like me ka hopena o ka "clash o ka maikai ana" ua ana me ia, e hiki ke olelo aku nei au i mua o nā maka. Naʻe, ka mea, ua ma ka mea, aole loa makou e ike.

Kēia mea o ka moʻolelo - aoao fictional, maoli wahi - i ke kūlanakauhale, i nā Keia o ka i nui ola i ke aloha i ka maikaʻi loa kahiko Greek moʻomeheu. Au pono ae aku i ina ia he ole makapo kākau moʻolelo (kona kilo ua i hooleiiaʻi kanalua), e hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha i ka wa pau ole e poho o ka inoa mua a me ka lua o Troy i loko o oblivion (paha, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, makemake e o ka hoihoi wale i kekahi wahi paiki kaiapili o hoʻomalu) .

Mea pōmaikaʻi, ka mea i hiki mai ai Hehe. Ka nani kūlanakauhale a me kona kaumaha hopena Kīwala'ō i ka naau o kanaka i oi aku mamua o elua millennia. Aia hoʻi, a hiki ina Troy i ole ia, ka mea oiaio e i ua invented.