He aha ka obsolete'ōlelo?

Obsolete hua'ōlelo - keia mea he kūikawā pūʻulu o nā hua'ōlelo, a, ma muli o ia mau kumu i ole ia i loko o kēia'ōlelo. Ka mea, ua māheleʻia i loko o nā waeʻano - historicism a me archaisms. Ua o kēia mau pūʻulu i like i kekahi i kekahi, akā nō i kekahiʻiʻo oko ao.

historicism

Mau nā hua'ōlelo no kūikawā ikamu, inoa, waiwai, a oki ae la ia nei i loko o ke ao nei i kēia lā, akā, ma laila i noho ai ma mua. An kumu o ia mau hua'ōlelo - Boyar, i ke alii kiaaina, mea hoopii, waiwai. Ka mea, e mai i ka hua'ōlelo'ālike i loko o kēia 'ōlelo, a aʻo lākou ano hiki wale nō ia i ka wehewehe puke wehewehe'ōlelo. Holo nōhie, i kēia mau hua'ōlelo i kapa i ka OOAOAaXUEIE hale hōʻike, moʻomeheu, hoʻokele waiwai, luna kiʻekiʻe, koa a me ka hana kālai'āina pili ma waena o kēia mau makahiki he nui.

No ka laʻana, ka palapala hoopii - mea: 1) i ke kakaka me kona lae, no ka honua; ole 2) kekahi noi i kākau. Stolnik - pa, i mea hoʻokahi ka papahelu haʻahaʻa boyar nō kāu e mālama aku ma boyar paha aliʻi papaʻaina.

Loa mua hua'ōlelo-historicism loaʻa i waena o nā inoa pili i koa theme, e like me pili i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Beritania a me nā lole: chainmail, kila, redoubt, kaua, paʻi hua, he pilikia, 'ke kapakomo, sevalka, camisole.

Eia kekahi laʻana o keia manawa, i loaʻa ka obsolete hua'ōlelo. "Ua ka mea hoopii i ke alii, a hoohewa i ke kiaaina, a me ka la e hao ia i ko lakou aina, a laila, haawiia mai, i hoopiiia e pili ana i nā kaukaualiʻi, kahu a me ka naita i ka luna lawe lākou mau hale aliʻi kauhale He ke alii, a me ka Cossacks me ka poʻe pana pua, e hali ana i na palapala. , noi no ka berena a me ke kala, ka uku. "

Currently, kekahi o ka nui pūʻulu o ka historicism e ka poe i mai ai i ke kahua o ka USSR: ke koi, budonnovets, hoʻonaʻauao polokalamu, kauwa, NEP, lishenets, Nepman, Makhnovets, i ka loaʻa pākeu.

archaisms

Obsolete olelo o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo ua kaʻawale ma ka pae kekahi nui - archaisms. Ka mea, eia, ma ka mea, e he subset o ka historicism - ka mea i loaʻa i nā hua'ōlelo obsolete. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE likeʻole ma waena o ia mea i ka mea hiki ke UAIAaIN e synonyms, iʻike mau, a ua hoʻohana i kēia lā i loko o nā'ōlelo. Eia nā examples o archaisms: pāpālina, lima'ākau, pūhaka, pauku, Tuga, ramen. Alaila, o ko lakou laekahi counterparts - pāpālina, pono lima, hoʻi, poetry, ke kaumaha, mau poohiwi.

Aia nō kekahi kumu o kaʻokoʻa ma waena o archaism a me kona hua'ōlelo'ālike. Ka mea, e oko:

he) lexicalʻano (abdomen - ola, he malihini - ka kalepa);

b) grammatical ano (ma o ka poepoe - o ka mea poepoe, ispolniti - hooko);

c) morphemic haku mele 'ana (lawaia - lawaiʻa launa - aloha);

I mea e pono hoohana i archaism i loko o ka manaʻo, a me ka pale aku ka hilahila, e hoʻohana i ke Dictionary a Dictionary o obsolete hua'ōlelo.

Akā, na ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka'ōlelo, pēlā i loaʻa ka archaisms: "Ma Moscow, i noho ai courtiers, na boyars, kaukaualiʻi, clerks, a Bolotnikov hooweliweli e huli i loko o nā maka'āinana, a me ka pepehi, a ma ko lakou wahi i ka inoa kanaka; nui industrialists noho ma laila, a me ka waiwai kalepa, inns, kala kona Shop - a pau i haawiia mai ai i ka poe ilihune "ma ka delozh.

Ma keia alaʻololī, archaisms i kēia mau'ōlelo: makaainana, pahale (i loko o ke ano o ka hoʻokele waiwai), Shop (kalepa hana), inoa. He oluolu ka nana ole i ka loaʻa mau makana a me ka historicism: courtier, haku.

Obsolete hua'ōlelo pono ke hoʻouna i ano historicity e palapala, ai 'kikokikona lei a me ka huali. Akā, e pono mau e kaha i ka pololei a me ka kūpono ana o ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo, i ka pua o ka'ōlelo i loko o ka hopena i ole huli i loko o nonsense.