He aha ka pasene o ke keleawe? Nā mea a me ka ho'ohana

'O ka Bronze he'āpana o'elua mau metala. Ho'ohana'ia ia ma nā'ano like'ole o ke ola kanaka: mai ke ka'ahana i ka ho'olālā o loko.

He aha ke keleawe?

He keleawe, pa'i'ia me ka pi. Hiki ke ho'ohana'ia ka aluminika, manganese, beryllium a me nā kumuhana'ē a'e ma mua o ka hope. Eia kekahi,'o ka hana i loko o nā'ano haumia ma nā mea li'ili'i.

A ma ke kumu o ke keleawe, hana'ia ke keleawe, no ka mea i ho'ohana'ia ai ka zinc.

I ko mākou manawa, aia nā pahu hao o kēia'ilika, a he'ano like'ole. 'O ka barona o nā'ano like'ole he mea like'ole. Ho'ohana'ia nā mana like'ole no nā kumu like'ole.

'O ke kala o kēia mela ma muli o ka māhele o ke keleawe a me ka tin. Me ka emi'ana o ka helu o ka mua a me ka pi'i'ana o ka lua, ua'ele'ele ke kala a ua loa'a i kahi piko hina.

I ka manawa hea i'ike mua'ia ai ke keleawe?

Ua'ike'ia kēia'āpana o ka wā kahiko loa. Ua ho'omaka'ia e hana a ho'ohana'ia i mua o ka hao. 'O ke keleawe a me ka tin wale nō. 'O ka keleawe o kēlā manawa'a'ole i loa'a nā mea haumia. Ua loa'a iā ia ma kahi o'elima mau makahiki i hala,'o ia ho'i, i ka III Millennium BC. E. 'O ka wā i ho'ohana'ia ai kēia mea ho'ohana i ka "ke keleawe". Ua ho'omau'ia kēia a hiki i ka Millennium BC. E.,'O ia ho'i, a hiki i ka wā i a'o ai nā kānaka e unuhi i ka hao.

Ua ho'ohana nui'ia'o Bronze no ka hana'ana i nā mea hana like'ole, e like me nā mea kū'ai, nā figurines, nā mea kaua a me nā lako.

Bronze. 'Oihana a me ka noi

Ke hana'ia nei nā huapili'ōwili'ia: nā ko'oko'o, ka ho'oikaika'ana, nā pāpale, a me nā'ano mea'ē a'e a pau, e like me nā mesh, nā halihali, nā'ike o nā mea like'ole. Eia kekahi, ho'ohana'ia ke keleawe i ke kūkulu'ana a me ka ho'olālā e hana i nā monumoku, nā mea kanu ho'okalakupua. Eia kekahi, ua loa'a kēia'āpana i kāna noi i ka plumbing - ua hana'ia me nā paipu.

'O ka pū'ulu nui he mau kānana. Mai ka inoa i maopopo he tin kekahi o nā metala ma'amau i hana i ke mele. Ho'oka'awale'ia ka Bronze o kēia'ano i'elua mau'ano: ho'okahi no ka ho'oponopono'ana e ho'ohana ana i ke ki'eki'e ki'eki'e, a me ka loa'a.

'O ka pilikia e hana'ia'o Br. OTS 4-4-2,5. 'O ia ka pi i loko o ka nui o'ekolu a elima'eneka, pā'ani (1.5 ai 3.5 pakeneka), zinc (ekolu a elima hapa), a me kahi hao hao (0.05 pakeneka). 'O ke koena he keleawe.

'O ka hui like pū me ke keleawe, ka hana 'O nā mea e komo ana mai ka'eono a'ehiku haneli o ka pi, 0.1-0.25 pakeneka o ka'ōkuro, a me ka 0.02 ōkene o ka hao a me ka nui o ka pū'ali. Keia Br. PF 6.5-0.15.

'O ka papa a'e kahi e loa'a ai ke keleawe. 'A'ole ho'okomo'ia nā mea ho'okomo i ke'ano hao. Ke keleawe o kēia 'ano ua pinepine hoʻohana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke akamai mea, pono , a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Br. 'O ka'OCS6-6-3 he'elima wale nō'ehiku ka nui o ka pi, 5.5-6.8 pakeneka zinc a me ke keleawe.

'O ke'ano o Br. 'O ka OTSSN3-7-5-1 ka 2.5-4.5 pakeneka o ka pi, 6.5-7.5 pakeneka o ka zinc, a me ka 4.6-5.4 pakeneka o ke po'o a me ka 0.8-1.2 pakeneka o ka nickel.

I ka manawa pinepine, ua ho'ololi'ia ka pi i kekahi mau metala, no ka mea he mea ma'alahi. Hana nā lilia i nā hui like'ole.

'O Bronze, kahi i'ole ka tin, i'oi aku ka mea ha'aha'a i ka maika'i. 'O nā'ano o ia'ano e ho'ohana nui'ia ia ma ka'oihana'oihana waiwai a me nā'oihana'ē a'e like.

'O Aluminum keleawe

Ho'ohana pinepine kēia kila i mea pani no ka tin. 'O ka nui o ka mea hana ma ke kinikini he hiki i ka 10 pakeneka. 'O Bronze, ka mea a me ka waiwai i'ike'ia mai ka wā kahiko mai, he'ano'oko'a loa ia mai ka alumini. Ua'oi aku ka maika'i, no ka mea,'o ke tin, ho'ohana'ia no ka hana'ana i kēia'onika mai ka wā kahiko mai, he'oi aku ka nui a'e ma mua o ka aluminika.

Eia na'e, inā he'u'uku ke'ano, he mana ki'eki'e ka alumini keleawe, he mau mea ho'onāukiuki. 'O ia ka mea e ulu ai i nā wala'au, nā bearings, nā huila wil a me nā like.

'O ka laulā ma'amau o kēia hui o keleawe he Br. АЖН10-4-4. 'O ka mea i ho'okomo'ia he 9.5-11 pakeneka o ka alumini, 3.5-5.5 pakeneka o ka manganese a me ka nui o ka hao. 'O ke koena he keleawe.

'O Beryllium bronzes

I loko o ia mau kinipili, e pili ana i'elua pākēka o beryllium i loko.

Ua ho'onui lākou i ka ikaika a me ka pa'akikī,'oiai lākou e lawelawe nei i kahi lā'au wela kūikawā, kahi e ulu ai i ka ho'onui'ana i nā'ano o nā mea. 'O ka ho'ohana nui'ana o kēia mau mele i kahi o ka hana'ana i nā mea hanahana, e like me hammers, chisels, a pēlā aku.

'O Siliceous Bronze

'O kēia pū'ulu o nā'ālika he 2-3 pakeneka ka meauma i loko o kona hana. He kū'oko'a lākou i ka corrosion, a me ka ho'okae maika'i'ana.

'O ke'ano o kēia'ano, ke kani, ka lewa, nā wai a me nā mea like.

Nickel bronzes

No ka haumia ka nickel. 'O ko lākou'ano nui he viscosity, kūpa'a maika'i i nā'eneka a me nā mahana ki'eki'e.

'O ka keleawe

He mea ma'alahi ho'i kēia'ano. 'O ka holoi'ana i ke keleawe e hā'awi iā ia i ka hopena o ka wā kahiko a ho'okani i kahi hana nani. Akā, eia kekahi, mālama ia i nā mea mai ka'ino'ino. 'O ke'ano ka'ina hana o kēia me ke kinikini e like me ka hana'enehana kala. E like me ka hopena, i ke kaʻina hana huliʻeleʻele ke keleawe, o ka haku mele 'ana o ka ua ole hoʻololi i.

Kupuna

'O ke'ano o ke keleawe a me ke keleawe he ho'okahi mau mea ma'amau -'o ka mea nui ke keleawe. 'O ia ho'i ka mea nui loa a ho'ohana nui'ia e pili ana i kēia mea hao. Eia na'e, no ka mea'elua i kēia hihia, ho'ohana'ia ka sino, a'a'ole ka tin. Ho'okomo'ia nā mea he nui ma ke'ano o ke alaka'i, ka hao, a me ke kākika.

Hiki ke ho'omaopopo'ia ka mea ho'okomo i loko o kahi pahu mele keleawe mai kahi hō'ailona, a ma hope o ka huapalapala L ('o ia ho'i "keleawe"), ua ho'ohui hou'ia kekahi, e like me C (alaka'i) i ka inoa LS59-1. No laila, hiki ke ho'omaopopo'ia he 59% o ke keleawe, 1 alaka'i, a me ka māmā'ē a'e.

'O ke kala o ke keleawe a me kona mau waiwai e pili ana i ka nui o ke keleawe i loko. 'Ekolu mau pū'ulu nui:'ula'ula, melemele a ke'oke'o. Aia ka ula ma mua o 80 pakeneka o ke keleawe, e kapa'ia kēia'ano keleawe he "tompak". Ho'ohana'ia ia no ka hana'ana i nā pepa lahilahi.

'O ka māmā māmā o ke keleawe he lalo - 40-80%. Ho'ohana nui'ia ia no ka ho'okumu'ana i nā kī, nā pepeiao, a ho'ohana'ia ho'i ia ma ka'oihana'oihana.

'O ka'ōpana keleawe he 20-40% ke keleawe. He mea palupalu ia, no laila hiki ke hana'ia ma ka ho'olei'ana.