He aha nā hopena e loa'a ai i kahi'ohana kūpono'ole a me ka ha'awina kālā'ole?

'O kahi'ohana ha'awina kālā he'ohana kahi i emi iho ai ka'ilikai o ka uku kālā ma lalo o ka hapa'u'uku. Ma ka'ano o ka po'e'ilihune, loa'a i nā kānaka i ka ho'ona'auao a me ka hana. 'O ka hapanui pinepine kēia hana i ka wā e hele mai ai ke keiki i ka'ohana. Inā ma kekahi kūlanakauhale kekahi makua kāne i ka hana maika'i ke kāko'o i kahi wahine me kahi keiki, a ma kekahi kalana, ma kekahi mau kūlanakauhale, he nui ka uku o 10-13,000. Ua lawa ka māhele'ana i'ekolu e maopopo ai i ka wā i hānau'ia ai ka pēpē, e emi ana ka'ohana ma mua o ka li'ili'i loa,'o ia ho'i he 4,600 rubles i ka makahiki 2012, ma muli o 1.5 mau makahiki, ke ho'ōki lākou i ka uku'ana i nā keiki. Naʻe, i loko o ka waeʻano o haʻahaʻa-makahiki kona 'ohana ke kiʻi i ka' ohana me ka maoli makahiki, e oi aku ka subsistence palena iki o 5-10 manawa. Pehea ke ala? 'O ka mea no ka helu'ana i nā lawelawe kaiāulu, aia wale nō ka uku "ke'oke'o," ma ka like'ana o ka mea li'ili'i. No laila, he nui o nā'ohana ha'awina ha'aha'a a me nā hale kū'ai kumukū'ai a me nā ho'omaha makahiki ma nā'āina'ē.

Eia naʻe, kanaka i olelo lealea e ke hāʻawi i ka huki ia e pōmaikaʻi ai i haʻahaʻa makahiki mau ohana, no ka mea, i ole ai nui, a ua nui loa ka poe i oi ka paperwork e accompanies ia. 'O ka nui o nā uku a me ke'ano o ke kōkua e pili ana i ka māhele'āina. E nānā pono kākou i ke'ano o nā kōkua i ka po'e'ilihune. Inā mākou e kama'ilio ana no kahi'ohana me kahi keiki li'ili'i, hiki iā ia ke ho'oku'u i nā mea'ai a hiki i nā makahiki 2,'oiai no nā'ohana ma'amau (me ka'ike'ole i kā lākou kālā), nā puke, ka palaoa a me ka waiū e hā'awi wale'ia no kahi makahiki. 'O ka lua,'o nā keiki i lalo o nā makahiki'ekolu ma ke kākau'ana o ka pediatrician e pono ke loa'a i nā lā'au li'ili'i ('oiai'o ka mea maoli'oiai'a'ole lākou i nā manawa ma'amau, a ua emi iho ko lākou pono ma mua o kēlā me nā mea like'ole haole). 'O ke kolu, nā keiki i lalo o ke 7 makahiki ka mea kuleana e hele ka'awale ma nā halihali moana. Ma kekahi mau wahi, he kuleana kūpono ka loa'a'ana o ka ho'emi'ana ma ka kū'ai'ana i ka lanahu no ka ho'omehana'ana.

Hiki ke hā'awi'ia nā haumāna ma ke kula me ka'ai'ole. 'O kahi mahele'oko'a he kōkua nui ia i nā'ohana me nā keiki. 'O ia ma ka'āina noho, a ma ka makahiki o ke keiki. 'O nā mākua i hiki'ole i nā makahiki i piha i ka 1.5 makahiki ka uku li'ili'i o 750-800 rubles. Mana'o'ia'o ia i kēia manawa, loa'a ka makuahine i nā pono makuahine. Ma hope iho o ka uku o ka pomaikai i ua 'ōlelo, i ka nui maoli he palua. Ke hiki i ke keiki i ka piha'ana o nā makahiki'ekolu, hiki i ka wahine ke hele e hana a ho'ouna i ke pēpē i ka mānakē, e ho'ēmi hou'ia nā uku i ka li'ili'i. Ma kekahi mau kūlanakauhale, i hā'awi'ia i ho'okahi mau makana i kēlā me kēia mahina i nā'ohana'ilihune. 'O kekahi kumu waiwai nui ka uku no ka uku'ana i ke kula haumana. He 20% ka nui o ka uku i uku'ia me ho'okahi keiki, hapalua me'elua keiki a 70% no kēlā me kēia kanaka, inā'ekolu a'oi aku paha nā keiki. Eia kekahi, he kuleana ko nā'ohana ha'awina ha'aha'a me nā keiki e loa'a kekahi wahi ma ka māhele haumana ma nā mea makemake. 'O ka mea pō'ino, mo'olelo'ole ka mo'olelo e pili ana i nā mea e pono ai nā mākua ke hana inā'a'ole hiki kēia wahi iā lākou ma ka makahiki 3 o ke keiki.

'O kahi mahele'oko'a he'ohana ha'awina i loa'a'ole i ke kālā ha'aha'a,'ōlelo'ōlelo wale nō,'o nā mākuahine ho'okahi. Ma waho a'e o kēia mau ha'awina, ua kuleana lākou i nā pono'ē a'e. Ma kekahi, e like me na makuwahine i ka haku hana ua koiia e uku maʻi haalele iho no child mālama,ʻaʻole maʻumikumamāhā i piha, ina ka maʻi lōʻihi like 'ole e emi malalo o 10 mau lā, a me ka 50% ko ana o ka 11 a hiki i 15 mau lā. Eia hou,'a'ole e hiki ke ho'oku'u'ia no ka ho'emi'ana, a me ka'olu'olu i ka hana pō me ka'ae'ole. Loa'a nā kuleana o nā'ohana ha'awina ha'awina e loa'a ai ka hale ma nā mea kūpono.