Hoʻomehana honua o pollutants

Hanalima a me ka papa hana ua pu, e like me ka rula, e māhuahua? Aneie haumia ea. Most nui na kulanakauhale i wehewehe aku e ka nui lehulehu o iiaacu ma ka kŘpa a uuku ?? eoi? Ee, i mea pilikia i kanaka ola.

Kekahi o ka? Aneie aʻe i loaʻa i ka loa nō ia ma luna o kanaka ola kino o ka lewa e like ai. A mau pilikia a ianoiyuaa a ho i ka hoʻomehana honua o pollutants. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i na toxicants komo i ke kanaka kinoʻano nui ma ka naehana'āpana.

Air hoʻomehana honua: kumu

Maopopo ma waena o maoli a me ka anthropogenic kumu o pollutants komo i ka lewa. I ka papa kuhikuhiE impurities i pihaʻi me nā ea puka mai maoli kumu i mawaho lepo, lua pele a me kaʻai ka molekumu o, kinoea a me ka uahi mai ana nahele a me na ahi hehi,'ōpala hoʻi a me ka weathering o nā pōhaku a me nā soils, a pela aku.

ea haumia ea pae mai maoli kumu i ke kāʻei kua ano. Ka mea, ua uuku na lawa loli me ka manawa. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka loaa i loko o ka lewa pollutants ma ka keia kahua i ke kanaka-i - o hana (likeʻole hana), ka mahiai a me ka amo.

Hoʻomehana honua mai ka lewa

Ka nui loa "mai ana" o likeʻole pollutants i loko o ka lewa e ka metallurgical a me ka ikehu poe, Nine Inch hana, no? Ieoaeunoaa hana, me mechanical 'enekinia.

Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka wahie'ā ikehu pono o nāʻano likeʻole i ka lewa, he nui nui o ka sulfur dioxide, carbon a me ka naikokene oxides, kalaponaʻeleʻele. Nō hoʻi, nā ea puka (ma ka liʻiliʻi mea) haawi i ka helu o nā waiwai, ma ka pakahi hydrocarbons.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o gaseous a me ka particulate hoʻomehana honua ma metallurgical? Iecaianoaaiiuo -. Heheʻe Ua umu ninini mea hoʻonoho, pickling kaawale sinter mīkini drobilnorazmolnoe pono, ukana a me ka unloading kumuhana, etc. ka nui ana o ka heluna nui o ka waiwai, kuu ae me ka kalapona monoxide, lepo, anhydride luaipele i loko o ka lewa, nitric'okesaside. Ma ka iki kaukaualiʻi dala kipaku manganese, arsenic, kēpau, phosphorus, o Hereme ka ohu, a pela aku, nō hoʻi, i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka steelmaking hoʻomehana honua hoʻohui pū mahu-kinoea ukuhiia. Ka mea, aia no iloko olaila phenol, benzene, formaldehyde, ammonia a me kekahi mau 'ē aʻe hoʻopōʻino waiwai.

Nā palapala nā ea puka mai ka Nine Inch hana e hana, hoʻowahāwahā i nā puke liʻiliʻi, e pakahi aku la ia pilikia no ka mea i hoʻolilo 'ia a me kanaka, e like me ka wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe kaʻawahia, lehulehu a me ka nui' ano. E hoʻopā ai ea i loko o ka hui ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o ka huina hoonui e ke haku o ka luaipele oxides, e yiaeaiiacaaeneiie ke aloha i huiʻia, fluorine i huiʻia, nitrous kinoea, puaʻa hiwa, chlorinated i huiʻia, hydrogen sulfide, a pela aku.

Ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka hale mea a me ka lepo pipili no nā ea puka komo nui dala o ia wahi ka lepo. Ke kumu oʻanoʻenehana keʻano o ka hanaʻana alakai ana i kā lākou mau kahua, e wili, obrabatyvaniya hui mau mea, kula waena a me nā huahana ma ke kahe ana o wela kinoea, a pela aku. Around mea kanu hua 'okoʻa no? Ieoaeunoaa lako hiki ke hana ciia mea hoʻohaumia kahahńnai mai i 2000 m. Lākou i wehewehe aku e ka lehulehu kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo i loko o ka lewa, ec na (particles) o gypsum, lepo pipili, pōaka, e like me nā pollutants.

hoʻomehana honua, mai Hawaii kaa

I ka nui kulanakauhale, he nui ka nui o pollutants i loko o ka lewa mai, mai kaa. E like me nā koho, e hoike no ka 80 i ka 95%. Ke kinoea a no ka maluhiluhi komo o ka helu nui o kaʻawahia i huiʻia e like me naikokene a me ka kalapona oxides, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, a pela aku. (About 200 i huiʻia).

Ka nui hoʻomehana honua i malama i ka mau o ka kalepa lepa a me Huina ma ka wahi, kahi a na kaa e neʻe i haahaa ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻonaneaʻana. I ka ho omaulia ana o nā ea puka i loko o ka lewa hōʻike i ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou o ka a no ka maluhiluhi i loko o keia hihia, ua kalapona monoxide a me hydrocarbons.

It E e kaulana ia, ma ka Akä naÿe i wahi kumu, e hana i na kaa ka poʻea pau e ea haumia ea i loko o hoʻokiwikā alanui i poo kiekie. E like me ka hopena o ka palapala hopena o pollutants mea malalo iho i iaoeo, nā kupa o ka hale ma ke alanui, a me kanu maoli kanu i loko o ka puni mau mea.

mahiai

ʻO nā ea puka o nā palapala 'ona i loko o ka lewa i loko o kua'āina wahi meaʻano nui o ka hopena o ka hana o ka holoholona aina a me nā manuʻaiʻia aina. Hou ana o ka i pihaʻi me nā manuʻaiʻia a me nā holoholona, i ka lewa hānai hydrogen sulfide, ammonia a me kekahi mau kinoea'ē aʻe i hoʻopulapula ma luna nui mamao. I pilikia toxicants i loko o ka lewa me ka hopena o kekahi mea kanu aina wāʻawa pesticides a me fertilizers ma luna o nā mahinaʻai, i hana anoano ma aee, etc.

nā kumu

Ma waho o ka luna kumu, ka lewa hoʻomehana honua o pollutants he aila a me ka kinoea aaioee mea kanu. Keia no hoi ia lŘlŘ like me ka hopena o ka hoʻouku mea pōhaku maka mea a aaioee, ma luna o ejection o ke kinoea make a me ka lepo mai lola honua mines, kuni pōhaku i loko o nā puʻu, i hoohana ia no incinerators D., a no laila, ma luna o.

Hopena ma luna o kanaka

E like me nā kumu, aia no he pololei loulou ma waena o lewa haumia ea, a me ka helu o nā maʻi. No ka laʻana, ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka pele o naehana ka maʻi i loko o na keiki, e noho ana i loko o kŘpa a haumia wahi, ma 2-2.5 manawa hou ma mua o ka poʻe i noho i loko o nā wahi.

Eia hou, i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, wehewehe aku ma adverse? Aneie rula, i na keiki ia ooieoeiiaeuiuo abnormalities i loko o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana a me ke koko ho okumu, pohāʻana o ka uku '-adaptive maomeka i? Aneie ana. He nui haʻawina i loaʻa i ka loulou ma waena o lewa haumia ea a me ka make ana o kanaka.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou o nā ea puka komo o ka lewa, mai kekahi mau kumu i kau mea, oxides o ka naikokene, kalapona a me ka luaipele. Ua Ua hōʻike i ka ciia o exceedance o NO ₂ a me CO e uhi 90% o hoʻokiwikā kulekele. Mau hoʻomehana honua nunui eiiiiiaiou hiki i mea maʻi. Hoʻomāhuahua o kēia mau contaminants nā hualoaʻa ma ka poho i mucous membranes a me ka hoaka o naehana'āpana, e ulu ai o ka akemāmā maʻi. A, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia nā hoʻohui like o ¶ I ₂ hiki i degenerative loli ma ka hakuʻala, ake a me ka naau, a me NO ₂ -. Toxicosis, congenital anomalies, naau e hemahema, nā aʻalolo kāna hana, etc. haʻawina kekahi i hoike mai i ka pilina ma waena o ka mea hiki wale mai o ke akemāmā Ka maʻi 'aʻai, a nā hoʻohui like o ¶ I ₂ a me NO ₂ i loko o ka lewa.

mea, ua ulu

haumia ea o ka 'āina, a, ma ka hana, i ka lewa, i adverse' ole ma luna o ola nei i ike wale akā, i na hanauna e hiki. Nolaila, ua hiki pakele olelo aku i ka ulu ana o ana nona e ho'ēmi i nā ea puka o nā palapala 'ona i loko o ka lewa - kekahi o ka loa koiʻana iā nīnūnē i keia la manaʻo kanaka.