I ka manaʻo a me ka lapaʻau hui

Insurance poʻe (insurers) - nā kupa o ka kalepa haʻawina, a pale aku i ka pono o ka hoʻopaʻa waiwai paha, compensating ia mea poino, i ka wa o ka hoʻopaʻa waiwai kekahi hanana. Hana o ka lapaʻau ua hooponopono e kūikawā kānāwai, a ua hoʻonānā ma regulators. Ma Rusia, e like me ka mea hoʻokonukonu hana i ka Central Bank.

e malu ai nā loina

I kekahi aupuni, no ka lapaʻau hui ua nānā 'ana ma luna o kekahi mau kumu, e ana lawe mai lākou mau hanana. Ka mea, e:

• i loko o ka'āina hoʻoili o ka lapaʻau me ke koe;
• ma o ka hana o ka lapaʻau nā kumu'āi'ē;
• i loko o ka prevalence o ka lapaʻau me ke koe o ka lapaʻau nā kumu'āi'ē.

I mea e hana i kēia mau 'ikamu, ka insurer ua koiia e ke kaupaona i ka ka pilikia o ka hanana o kekahi lapaʻau koi ana.

Ma ka hapanui wahi, i hiki, no ka lapaʻau ma ka insurer kaʻaoʻao hanaʻia 'ikepili helu. Ma kekahi mau hihia, o ka moku'āina intervenes i loko o ka lapaʻau hui. Ua mea i loko o kaʻaeʻana me na kumu mua o luna a me ka? Ieoaeunoai lapaʻau hana ma ka hapanui o nā'āina.

Pehea o ka lapaʻau hana

Ke kanawai eaaaony i ke kumuhana o ka ha awina koke o ka lapaʻau hui i e lapaʻau paha reinsurance. Ka papa inoa o nā 'ano o ka lapaʻau lawelawe i heluʻia i loko o ka laikini, a ua hoopuka ia ma ka moku'āina. Inā ka policyholder aole i hooko i kona mau kuleana a me ka hoʻokōʻana ia improperly, o ka laikini i e hoopau, i ka hui nalowale ke kuleana e hoʻolako lapaʻau lawelawe i, naʻe, 'aʻole i preclude kona aie, e like me ka lapaʻau ke kuleana, ea ae ka hana mua.

A hailona no insurers ke hoʻohana i loko o ka ia aneiai kula, hana i ka lapaʻau market, hoʻomalu i kanaka, a me ka lehulehu nā pāʻoihana, kālā kulanui.

Ano o ka lapaʻau poe

I ko kakou aupuni, lapaʻau poʻe i e i a pilikino paha moku'āina ona. Loa alakaʻi o ka lapaʻau market i hoomau kālā a me ka nohona lapaʻau dala, i loaa a pau OAXA nā haʻawina o ka hana kanaka. Ponoi lapaʻau poe i hana me ka hoʻolako 'ia o mai o na kanaka a me kālā kulanui.

A hanana ano o ka hana ana o na mea he nui a pilikino lapaʻau poe mea he Lloyd ka pūkaʻina. Kēia hui o ka waiwai lapaʻau poe no mau lapaʻau hana o ka lapaʻau a me ka reinsurance. Hana i ka pūkaʻina, ua ai iʻoluʻolu i ka mea hana a hiki i kēia lā, no ka pale 'mai ka mea uuku ko ka hale ona nā mīkini home i ka nui moku.

, No ka naau a me ka muli o lapaʻau

Currently, ka mea holoʻokoʻa lapaʻau market hiki ke'ōlelo pākīkē mai puunaueia i:

• lapaʻau nā lawelawe i hoʻolako ma luna o ka mohai manawa;
• lapaʻau, na na ma ke kānāwai.

Hiki e noho kaʻawale, a me ka kolu o ka ukana ma ka lapaʻau poe, i kapaia o "reinsurance" a kaawale ana o ka aie lapaʻau ma waena o elua a oi? Aia. Keia ano o ka aie hoopakele komo ai i ka puunaue ana o hiki kālā uku ma waena o kekahi mau insurers. lapaʻau i ka hoʻolālā Insurance E ho oku ui mahele ana hookaa ana, e hālāwai me kā lākou mau kuleana me ka poho nui i kona kūlana pili kālā.

Inā no ka kalepa lapaʻau kaʻaeʻana i nā kumu mua ua hoʻohiki i kekahi waiwai, o ka hui ana o ka lawelawe mālama ola ua paa i noho mana ana ma ka moku'āina. E ka ho'āʻo i ka hana i ua poe la ke ano o ka lapaʻau, a i koi 'ia ma ka olelo o ke kanawai.

muli o lapaʻau

State mea kekahi ano o OAXA lapaʻau ma luna o ke kumu o ka hoomalu ana o ke kanaka a me ka pāʻoihana ē aʻei mea i pili i ka pono o ka moku'āina. Default muli o lapaʻau hui eaaaony no ka pomaikai o kanaka, ka poe i hai aku i loko o ke Kumukanawai. I ka mea e nana like penei:

• na kamaaina wau i nā kānaka apau i kohu kūpono hana - ka mea, ua hana ma ka lapaʻau e ku e he ulia pakalaki i hana;
• a pau ua noa i ka kīvila o ka hele - i hōʻoiaʻiʻo aku i keia - ka muli o MTPL lapaʻau kūkulu 'ia, insuring i ka pono o ka loli ana o kolu o ka aoao elua;
• a pau i nā kānaka apau ke ola mālama - keia rula ua ikaika ma ka muli o lapaʻau o ka Social Insurance dala e hoʻohiki ka lapaʻau uku ma ka hihia o ka maʻi;
• makaainana i ka pono a hiki i ka wa e poohina ai & o'ī, - He kuleana no ia dala hoomau.

Nā hana o insurers i loko o ka manaʻo o ka muli o lapaʻau ma muli o kekahi mau kānāwai a me nā rula, a stipulated:

• mea no i ua koi 'ia kēia' ano o ka lapaʻau;
• lapaʻau poi, i nā palena iki OAXA uku o ka lapaʻau a me na kanawai puʻe wale i kā mākou dala o ka lapaʻau uku;
• hana a me nā pono kīvila o policyholders, a hoʻopaʻa waiwai kanaka.

Muli o lapaʻau a me insurers

Ke kānāwai? Eaaaony i ka papa inoa o nā papa hana i i ka pono, e hoʻomaka lapaʻau hana i loko o ka? Aieao o ka muli o lapaʻau. Kekahi lapaʻau poe i hana ma ke kumu o ka moku'āina (hoomau dala, Social Insurance dala). Kekahi mau insurers i ka pono, e lawe mai nā hana ma ke kahua o ka muli o lapaʻau (CTP, no ka laʻana).

Ke kaōhiʻana nui mau mea o ka hoomalu ana o ka pono o kona poe kanaka, me ka moku'āina he mau hana:

• Ua minimizes ka loiloi mua nā haʻawina, e muli o lapaʻau affordable no ka hapanui kanaka o ka aina;
• Ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kā mākouʻaoʻao pale o ka lapaʻau o kanaka, e ka hoʻolālā o ka lawelawe mālama ola kāki-pono a me ka financially ka hoʻoponopono-lawa.

E hoomanao i pehea insurers e hana ana i loko o ke kula o ka muli o lapaʻau. hiki Classic examples o keia malama, e like me ka hoomau dala, a me ka FSS.

O ka hui o ka lapaʻau ma ka moku'āina kālā

hoomau lapaʻau hui ma ko makou aina ua muli ma ka symbiosis o ka papa kuhikuhiE nenoai elua:

• kūpaʻa i loaʻa iā mākou i ka hoʻoilina o ka Soviet Union;
• pilikino, a mea he hou hiʻona hope umikumamalima makahiki.

A hiki aku i ka ami'ōnaehana, kēlā me kēia kupa o ka hoomau nā haʻawina uku ia i loko o ka mau Bedroom o ke dala hoomau. A laila, e uku mai i ke dala, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka seniority o okoa aʻe a me na mea e ae. I loko nō kona naau kupono, kūpaʻa'ōnaehana alakai ai i ka mea i kanaka, ka poe i hana no elima makahiki, a me ka hapaha o ke kenekulia maoli i hoomaka ai e loaa i ka ia hoomau.

Ma waho o ua egalitarianism, hōʻike kekahi drawback kūpaʻa'ōnaehana: he pilikia nele o ke dala hoomau. E align ka hoomau Bedroom, ke aupuni hoʻoholo i hoʻolauna i hoʻopilikino kakau o ka hoomau makauliʻi. O na kamaaina wau, ke kaumaha ma muli o ko lākou loaʻa deducts i kekahi pakeneka i kou mau pono'ī mea hoohuoi ia mooolelo, e like me ka kae dala nei, a ma luna o hiki i ka hoʻomaha makahiki loaʻa kona iho hoomau.

ola kino lapaʻau

I ka hui o ka muli o ola lapaʻau nānā 'ana i nā haʻawina PAYG loaa. O na kamaaina wau deducts, mai ko lakou loaa i kekahi pakeneka o ke kālā i loko o ka lawelawe mālama ola puu dala. O kēia mau dala i uku ia ia "maʻi" e like me ka uku o ka uku aie i ka maʻi. FSS ua kekahi hana i loko o ka uku o ka "fiat" a me ka uku no ka mālama ana i kahi mau keiki liilii. Ka hookahi dala offset na koina ma muli o ke kīnā o ke kino mai ana i ka ulia i loko o ka hana o ka oihana hana. Inā makaainana makemake e kiʻi hou uku - no ka laʻana, e reimburse i nā koina o ka lapaʻau, heʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hana, - kā lākou lawelawe no ka naau mai nā hui 'inikua.

aie lapaʻau

Aie lapaʻau - o kekahi ano o ka hoomalu ana o ka mōhai. Kona peculiarity waiho i loko o ka mea ana o ka aelike o ka lapaʻau ka insurer, a hoʻopau i lapaʻau pilikino E pili paa. Hookaa ana i kekahi i loko o kēia 'ano o ka lapaʻau i loaʻa kolu, ke iki i kanaka. A Classic kumu hoʻohālike o ka aie lapaʻau pilikino E pili CTP.

CTP ua hana ma ka aie lapaʻau no ka pohō, kena ae la ke kolu o ka poe like me ka hopena o ke kaʻa ulia.

aie lapaʻau hui moe i loko o ka poepoe o ka ha awina o ka poe insurers ka poe i kuleana i laila. Ka palena iki kaʻi lau waiwai o ka loiloi mua uku, a me ka i kā mākou payout ua hooponopono ma ke kānāwai. Ka moku'āina kekahi i nā kānaka apau e hoʻoholo pehea ia e compensate no ka poino - ma ke dala maoli paha ma ka lakou ano iho, a me kanaka hoʻoponopono i ka hana o insurers.