Iho iwi - chord. Kālaimeaola o kona oihana a me ka manaʻo nui

hiki ke lawe mai i ka mana o ke kino kākoʻo, a hoomalu nae lakou i ka na nā loko o na holoholona i loko o nāʻaoʻao. Ma ka hihia mua, he mawaho iwi - iwi. Ua Ua hakuʻia o ka chitin, no ka ikaika nui ae o ka impregnated kalipuna paʻakai, phosphorus paha silikone. Crustaceans, punawelewele, lepeta, nā mea kolo - nā holoholona me ka iwi, a kapa invertebrates. Kekahi pūʻulu o? Aaoa i embryogenesis 'ano apau loa i na iwi, i hanaʻia i ke kūlana chord.

Kālaimeaola wehewehe kona helehelena e like me ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana o ka organogenesis - ke kahua o ka luna 'o iho nā loko. Kēia nā ka neural Tube, ka gut, a me ka chord. Hanana o laholio connectiveʻaha i neurula kahua embryo mea heʻano o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona a pau a hiki i kaʻAno Pńk'pika. E mai hoike i kēia kaʻina hana ma hou au mamuli, like hoʻi me möakäka hou i ke kūlana o ka iho iwi i loko o vertebrates.

He aha mea he chord ma kālaimeaola?

Hoʻoholo 'ana o keia hapa o ka embryo mea like penei: ia mea unsegmented notochord oia hoi o laholio connective'aʻaʻa. He he nui ke keʻena i loko o ka embryogenesis o ka holoholona e like me chordal. Bookmark chord ia lŘlŘ ma lalo o ka neural Tube o germ chordomesoderm i ua loko ectoderm iniiaiie liʻiliʻi. Ma organogenesis, oia Hoʻololi 'i ka intestinal Tube, Aia ma lalo chord. ʻO keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna, ua eiiieaena, a ua aʻo i loko o ka papa o ka mea mau kiʻekiʻe kula kālaimeaola. Pehea e wehewehe ana i nā haumāna kaikaina, nā haumāna o ka zoology i keia chord? Kālaimeaola (Grade 7) 'ole i hana e noonoo pono i ka hana o ka spinal (axis) Amphioxus. E mai hoike i kēia pukana i oi aku au mamuli.

Ano o ka subtype bescherepnyh

Kēia kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana pūʻulu he hoʻokahi papa - Amphioxus. Animals noho ma ka lalo o ka Black Sea, Noho loa o kona ola kanu i loko o ke one, a waiho kokoke ana ma ka ili o ka mua hope o ke kino, ua hoʻopuniʻia tentacles. Ma ka translucent kino ua hoomalamalamaia mai la ma ke anuanu Tube - chord. Kālaimeaola E hoomanao i ka mea, me he integral hapa o ka musculoskeletal'ōnaehana o ka holoholona. Notochord ma Amphioxus, e like nā primitive chordates - lampreys a me hagfish, e pili ana i ka jawless vertebrates, makana ma ontogeny ia Radio ke kūlana o ka iho iwi. Ma waho aʻeo ia meaola no e bescherepnyh a me cyclostomes, notochord pilikia i loko o kekahi mau iʻa. E noonoo i nā hiʻona o ko lākou 'ole.

cartilaginous ia

Common stingray, kai alopeke, sawfish, spiny dogfish - i ka inoa o ka hohonu-kai noho: stingrays a me ka mano. Me kauwahi o ko lākou kākoʻo'ōnaehana a me ka neʻeʻana ka loaʻa o ka cartilaginous iwi a me nāʻiʻo. Ma waena o vertebral kino i loko o ka spinal Canal i koena hakina o embryonic spinal kaula. Kēia hiʻona He Heʻano o ka maloko 'ole o cartilaginous ia, ka mea a hiki i ka adulthood hapa' ia 'la i ka malamaia chord. Kālaimeaola hoakaka like penei: ma embryogenesis notochord paha ke equidistant 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu constrictions, ma i ke kaʻina ua kaulana nō ma calcareous hoʻokomo kālā hale. Ka mea, ke kiʻekiʻe e puʻunaue i ka chord ma luna o ke kino o ka vertebrae cartilage, connective'aʻaʻa a me kona wahi noho i loko o ka intervertebral iwi kuamoʻo.

Hiʻona o ka 'ole o ka iʻa Sturgeon Series

Together me na mano a me kukuna, a me ka mea a ka mea, i nui ma ka pono, 'elele o keia pae e pili ana i ka iʻa kahiko. No ka sturgeon, beluga, stellate 'ole ua wehewehe aku ma na hiʻona i loko cartilaginous iwi a me ka notochord. Kālaimeaola mai nei i nā kūpuna o ka sturgeonʻikeʻia i loko o ka Devonian wā o ka Paleozoic'āina. Mai keia wahi ma luna o lākou'anatomia i ole hoʻololi nui. Kanaka makua pepa i spinal kaula uhi ia me ka iwi o ke anuanu connective'aʻaʻa a me ka hoomau ana i ke ola. Pela maloo chord stellate sturgeon, sturgeon a me nā sturgeon i loko o Rusia i loihi ua hoʻohana i ka ai me ka hoopiha no Pie a me ka Pie, e kahea ana ia vyazigoy.