Iroquois - Indians o North America: i ka helu a me ka laulā o ka ohana

Ua piha o nā mea pohihihi a me nā mea pohihihi mōʻaukala o ka lāhui 'ōiwi heluna o na' Amelika, akā, no ka mea, o loa kaumaha. Ua pili pakahi aku la ia i ka Indians o North America, i ka 'āina kūpuna e i loa ua privatized e ka US Pekelala Aupuni. Pehea ua make na mea he nui 'ōiwi lāhui kanaka o ka North' Amelika'āinapuniʻole me ka hopena o ka ikaika colonization mea ike ole ia a hiki i kēia lā. Kekahi noiʻi e olelo aku nei ia ma ka hoʻomaka o ka 15th kenekulia, Indians ma kaʻikena US nā panalāʻau e noho ma ka 15 miliona, a ma ka 1900 ka mea, ua i hou aku 237 000 kanaka.

Pakahi aku la ia noteworthy o ka moʻolelo o ka mea a mākou iʻike ma lalo o ka inoa "Iroquois" mau. Ka Indians o keia ohana, mai ka wā kahiko o ka lāhui kanaka nui a me ka ikaika, akā,'ānō, ua waiho no ia i kona wahi. Ma ka kekahi lima, i ka Hōlani a me ke kokua Pelekāne initially ae ia incredibly hooikaika i kona kulana ... akā, i ka wa a ka pono no ka Iroquois ua nalowale, hoomaka ae la lakou e luku mercilessly.

kumu 'ike

A hea aku la lakou i ka Indians o North America, ka mea e noho ana ma ka'ākau Hui Pūʻia a me Canada. Ka hua'ōlelo "akea" i loko o ka huaÿölelo Pelekane, no na ohana ke ano o "Vipera", i Hōʻike i ka palapala koa Iroquois, kā lākou predisposition i ka hana maalea, a me ka hohonu ka ike o ke koa nā kaʻa mokulele. 'Aʻole surprisingly, ka Iroquois ua mau i loko o ka loa ke kanana nei e pili ana kona hoalauna a pau, a lakou i ke akeaʻAʻole makemake a me ka makau a me. Currently ma kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Canada mea hale i 120 tausani ka poeikohoia o kaʻohana.

Initially ohana huahelu kŰlń ao mai ka St. Lawrence River a hiki i Hudson pilikia. Kue i ka mahaloia manaoio, no ka Iroquois - Indians ole wale militant akā, i ka nui paakiki-hana, e like me ka mea, i ka pae 'ano kiʻekiʻe, ua ulu kaʻai i waena, he i nā lā mua o ka holoholona i ka'āina.

Loa paha, kēiaʻohana, he kekahi o ka mea mua, e hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me ka poʻeʻEulopa ma ka 16th kenekulia. Ma keia manawa, he nui no ka Indians o North America i nalowale i loko o ka lapalapa ahi o ka ikaika na kaua. Aka hoi, i koe no ka hoomanao ana o ia mau mea. No ka laʻana, i ka hua'ōlelo "Canada" hele mai ana, mai ka 'ōlelo o Laurentian Iroquois.

Iroquois aoao o ke ola

Ka nohona hui ana o ka ohana - he luku ana mamuli o ka palapala tribal matriarchy, akā, i ka lāhui ua nō alai ae ia e ke kanaka. Ka ohana i noho ai i loko o ka hale loa i hooikaika aku me he mau puʻuhonua ia no kekahi mau hanauna. Ma kekahi mau hihia, i hoʻohana 'ia kēia mau hale mua no kekahi mau makahiki, akā, e hiki mai ana ka Iroquois noho iho i loko o ka hale hookahi no hoʻokahi haneri makahiki a oi.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka Iroquois i ioioie? A me ka lawaiʻa. Me ka Poeikohoia o ko kaʻohana komo i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o souvenirs a hana. Pilikia ma ke kuai ana o ka kuʻuna hinai a me ka lei pūpū i mau loa maikai, a no laila, mahalo (oi loa aku hoi no ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia).

I ka wā o ka Iroquoisʻohana ua ma ka piko o kona mana, kona mau lala e noho i loko o ka lehulehu o kauhale e aho, i hiki paha i ka 20 "lōʻihi hale". E ho'āʻo e pepehi aku ia lakou olelo hoopomaikai, koho ua mau apana la i ua uala pono no ka mahiʻai o ka aina. I loko nō kona militancy a me ka pinepine brutally, na Iroquois i pinepine kohoia no kā lākou mau kauhale loa nani loa a me ka maikaʻi wahi.

Education Confederation

Around 1570, i ka ?? eoi? Kokoke Lake Hilo ikea mai ka pilina paʻa ho okumu ana o ka Iroquois ohana, a ma hope mai i kapa ia "ka Iroquois Union." Eia naʻe, 'elele o kaʻohana e olelo aku i ka mea mua elue no ka muli o keia ano o ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana i waho i loko o ka 12th kenekulia. Initially ka Confederation oia a ma kahi o ehiku o ka Iroquois ohana. Kela a me keia luna o ka Mauna ohana i like nā pono kīvila i loko o ka hālāwai, akā, i ka manawa o ke kaua no koho "ke alii".

I loko o kēia wā, na noho a pau o ka Iroquois i koe, hoʻoikaika ihola e hoomalu ia lakou iho e ku ei ka ho'āhewa wale o kona mau hoalauna, ka pale 'ana i ke kauhale anuanu palisade. Pinepine mau ua monumental paia kukulu o ka heʻoiʻoi pauku i loko o nā lālaniʻelua, i nāʻanuʻu ma waena o ia uhi i ka honua. Ka hoike ma ka Palani misionari, he mea olelo ai o Iosepa i ka "metropolis" o ka Iroquois o ka 50 nunui lōʻihi hale, kela mea keia mea o ka a i kekahi maoli pā kaua. Iroquois na wahine i na keiki, na kanaka hana ma ka imi mea hihiu ana a me ka hakaka.

heluna kanaka noho

I ka nui kauhale hiki lawa mai i eha tausani kanaka. Ma ka pau ana o ke kahua o ka Confederation o ka pono, e hoomalu loa eliminated, mai ma ka manawa o ka Iroquois kokoke loa i luku ai i nā mea a pau o kona hoalauna. Ma keia hihia, hoomaka ae la ke kauhale e noho hou olelo hoopomaikai, no laila, ua ina pono, e hiki koke ho'ākoakoa mai i nā koa a pau o kaʻohana. Aka hoi, ma ka 17th kenekulia na Iroquois i puʻe wale akula kēlā iā pinepine hoʻololi i ka wahi o ko lakou mau kauhale.

i ka nui, e hoike ana i ka wasteful pono o soils kūpono ai i loko o kā lākou mau kokololio depletion, a me ka manaolana no ka oihana koa poʻe i ia i ka hua ua mau pela.

Ana me ka Hōlani

A puni ka 17th kenekulia i loko o ka'āina, he nui na elele o ka Hōlani kuai poʻe. I ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka ololi mua, ka mea, nakinaki kalepa ana a me na ohana, akā, oi loa aku hoi i pili loa i launa ai ka Hōlani ia me ka Iroquois. Most Europa colonizers hoihoi i loko o beaver für. Akā, iʻaneʻi, aia ua kekahi pilikia: hoʻouku beaver lilo ai aliʻi'ālunu i koke mau holoholona kokoke nalowale ma ka ?? eoi? Hoi malalo o ko ka Iroquois.

A laila, i ka Hōlani akoakoaia i kekahiʻano mea, aka, Ka Uluwehi O Ke paena: ka mea, lilo ikaika he hoʻonui i ke anoe o ka aina o ka Iroquois, ka mea mua i hui ole ia i ka ia.

Mai 1630 a hiki i 1700 makahiki no keia mea, i ka nakeke i ka ikaika kaua, i ike ia ia "beaver". Pehea keia i kō? Ua Aloha poe noonoo ole. Ka Poeikohoia o na Netherlands, hoʻowahāwahā i ka kūhelu pāpā, loa lako lākou Indian allies kāʻei pū a mea, ka pauka a me ka kēpau.

koko? anoe?

Ma ka waena, aia ma kahi o 25 tausani kanaka o ka 17th kenekulia ka Iroquoisʻohana. He nunui emi ma mua o ka helu ana o kokokeʻohana. Mau kaua a me nā maʻi'ōkuʻu i lawe ia e na colonizers Europa, a hiki wikiwiki e ho'ēmi i kā lākou helu. Eia naʻe, koke ninini i ka Hui elele o na ohana lanakila ma ia, no laila, ke hoole mai oia i hapa 'ia' offset. Nā mikionali mai Palani i kākau i ka 18th kenekulia i waena o ka "Iroquois" ua naaupo e ho'āʻo i ka hai, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka' ōlelo 'iniiaiie o ka ohana, like wale nō hoʻokahi-hapakolu (ma kahi momona a) ka Indians i ike ia. Kēia Hōʻike mea wale nō hoʻokahi haneri makahiki o nā Iroquois iʻaneʻane ka lukuia, a me ka Netherlands kauoha aku koe loa "maʻemaʻe."

Mai ka Iroquois - Indians loa kaua, ka mea e paha i ka mea mua, e hoʻomaopopo i ke ano o ka mana i loko iho hāpai i ka pū kī. Ka mea, he makemake e hana ia i loko o ka "guerrilla" kaila, e hana ana i loko o ka poe liilii, lawe lima naehana. Poe enemi aku la i "kekahi, ma ka ulu lāʻau e like me ka nahesa a me ka ilio hihiu, oiai e nohoʻike makaʻole a me ka inaudible, hōhē wale stab ma ke kua" ia mau pūʻulu.

Ma ka ulu lāʻau, no ka Iroquois manao nui, a hiki nā kaʻa mokulele a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka mana kāʻei pū a mea alakai aku ai i ka mea e hiki pūʻuluʻuʻuku mai o ka ohana, e hoʻokō poʻokela koa successes.

lōʻihi Hikes

Soon Iroquois aliʻi poʻo hele hope i "beaver kuni", a me ka mea, e hoʻouna aku i nā koa, a hiki ma kahi loihi-aku i na aina, ma ka Iroquois pono kāohi hiki ole ia i kekahi uku hoopanee. Akā, ka mea, ua i kā lākou Hōlani Kau waihona. E like me ka hopena o ka loa-hoʻoulu? Anoe o na aina Iroquois waiho loihi ana mai a hiki i ka wahi o ka Great Mammoth. He mau ohana Ua pili kēia kuleana no ka mea i loko o ia mau wahi i hoomaka ai e massively pele o onei ma ke kumu o ka ikaika overpopulation. Ka hope e ala aie i ka mea i ka holo Indians luku holo i ka Iroquois ohana ma ka makaʻu ma luna o kekahi aina i noa mai ia.

I mea, oiai he nui ohana i lukuia, ka hapanui o ka a i ole ola i 'ike i nā mea a pau. He nui noiʻi, mai waena o nā Indians manaoio ia i ka manawa e holo wale Huron. ole i keia manawa i hooki Hōlani no makeup Iroquois ke kālā, nā mea kaua a me ka pauka.

helu

Ma ka 17th kenekulia i loko o kēia māhele 'āina i hele mai i ka Beritania, koke hanaumua pono kona Europa, nā kānaka hoʻokūkū. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la e loaa kekahi "tactful." Ka Beritania i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka ai-i kapaia naʻi o ka berita, i komo i ka i koe ohana a pau mua subjugated ma ka Iroquois. O Oʻahu, ka hanaia ua he mau lako hou o ka beaver für. Lakou ia lakou iho kaua huli koke Iroquois Indians, kona moʻomeheu ua i ia manawa ikaika ke kūlana, i loko o maʻamau kiai a me ka auhau Waihona Noʻeau.

Ma ka 17-18 kenekulia, me ka mana o ko lākou mauʻohana, no keia nui hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia, akā, nō ka mea, hoomau iho la oia e ho oweliweli i formidable koa ikaika i loko o ka māhele 'āina. UK, hoʻohana i ka waiwai o ka hana malu a, e hoʻokele i ka pāʻani aku o ka Iroquois, a me ka Palani. First hiki ke hana kokoke a pau o ka hana a Kaiaulu hope loa expulsion o Pelekāne nā kānaka hoʻokūkū poe kalepa, mai ka New World.

Keia Iroquois kakau inoa i ko lakou iho make'ōlelo, no ka mea, e hoʻokali kūpono '. Ka mea, i wale kiola i ka mua ku? Anoeia, a koe no, e noho wale nō kā lākou palapala ?? eoi? Ee, kokoke i ka St. Lawrence River. Eia hou, ma ka 18th kenekulia, ka mea, Wāwahi aku la, mai o kaʻohana Mingo, no hoi hoʻonāwaliwali i ka Iroquois.

Ka hope loa

Pelekāne diplomats nō, mai noho iho la ma ko lakou mau lima, a me ka manawa o ka kaua me ka lānai hou i hana United States hookonokono ae la i kona mau kahiko "hoa" hou, e lawe i ko lākouʻaoʻao. Ka mea, ua i ka hope, akā, i ka pahu kapu weliweli kuhihewa Iroquois. General Sullivan hele a puni kā lākou mau'āina a me ke ahi a me ka pahi kaua. Ke koena o ka ohana hookahi ikaika i hoʻopuehuʻia ma luna o ka piko i loko o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Canada. Wale nō ma ka loa hope o ka 19th ke kenekulia, me ka poeikohoia hope o na kanaka i hou massively lākou i ka pōloli, a me ka ikaika maʻi'ōkuʻu.

I keia la, i ka Iroquois - Indians i ole ai kaua, aka, i ke "savvy" ma ka loio i mea. Lakou mau hoomalu i ko lakou pono i loko o nā pā hale, e imi ana i hooiaioia o ka misappropriation o ke Aupuni Pekelala o ko lākou'āina. Eia naʻe, no ka pomaikai o ko lākou mau hana e waiho ana no he nui kanalua.

No ke aha laʻohana e like me ka ino kaulana?

Ka luna-i hoike ia Fenimor Kuper poe i ka Iroquois Indians me he kanaka o ke koa a me ka lokoʻino unscrupulous, contrasting ia me "Aliʻi Delaware." Oia ka helu - hāpana pāʻewaʻewa, a me ka mea, ua wehewehe wale. Ka mea i Delaware komo i loko o ke kaua e ku e ia Beritania Nui ma ka USʻaoʻao, a me ka Iroquois kaua ma kaʻaoʻao o ka Beritania. Aka, Cooper ua pololei ma na mea he nui i ka mahalo.

Ua Ua pinepine ka hana ma ka Iroquois hoÿomaÿamaÿa i ka piha loa ana o kona mau hoa, a me infanticide. "He mea leʻaleʻa o" koa o kaʻohana a brutally ekaeka, ka poe i hou aku lōʻihi ma mua o ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ka poʻeʻEulopa. Eia hou kekahi, i ko lakou ino kaulana - pono nui me ka Iroquois poe me ka ike ole o kekahi manaʻo o ka fairness me ka mahalo i ka Loaʻaʻia poe enemi.

Perfidy like me ka I Aloha Hawaii

Aia mau hihia ia mea, kuu iho ka maluhia na kuikahi me ka kokokeʻohana, a laila, paʻa e oki ia ma lalo o ka uhi o ka po. Pinepine hoʻohana no keia make. Ma ka hoomaopopo ana o kokoke ohana e like me ka hana pono - ka ia wä, kue o ka mooolelo a me ka hewa.

Mea kākau moʻolelo Francis Parkman, ka mea pono i ka Indians, ma ka rula, ohi i ka puu o ka hoike a he ākea,ʻaʻole wale oʻano hana cannibalism (a ua typical ina ole aneane pau Indianʻohana i loko o mau), akā, i na hihia o kanaka "ano o" ai. 'Aʻole surprisingly, ka Iroquois Confederation, e kau ia Iosepa, i ole hoʻohana loa mahalo i waena o nā hoalauna.