Ka loa kaulana sculptors o ko ke ao nei, a me kā lākou hana. Famous Lūkini sculptor

Ka mua kanaka puke i haku ai i ke kapaʻia ke kiʻi kaulaʻikeʻia i loko o ka prehistoric manawa, a ua i nā akua kiʻi, hoomana aku la ia e ko kākou mau kūpuna. Over ka hala haneri o na tausani o ka makahiki i ke akamai o ke kiʻi kaula i i launaʻole kiekie, a me keia la, ua hiki ke ike i ka masterpieces maoli, mau mahalo ma ka malihini a me passers-ma ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, a ma na alanui o na kulanakauhale he nui i loko o ke ao nei. No laila, ka mea i kaulana Lūkini a me ka haole Artists o kekahi o ka'āina ke koi ae ia i kona inoa i hoʻolaha me "pono-ikeia sculptors," a me kekahi o ko lakou mau hana i loko o ka puna ka waihona o ke ao oe?

Famous sculptors o ka honua kahiko

E like me ua oleloia, o ka no o ke kiʻi kaula originated na makahiki aku nei, e like me ka mea e hoikeike ma ka pohaku lehulehu, a he palolo kekahi ekolu-dimensional nā kiʻi o kanaka, holoholona, a mythical kolo, loaʻa ma hulikoehana hanaʻeliʻana. O ka hana ana, aole kekahi i ike i kā lākou kākau, akā, mōʻaukala ua malamaia na inoa o kekahi o na sculptors nui ka poe i hana i loko o ka manawa, mai ka 14th kenekulia BC. e ka. a ma mua o ka 1st kenekulia AD. e ka.

No ka laʻana, i ka ninau e pili ana i mea na sculptors loa kaulana o ke ao kahiko, iwaena o na mea e ae, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e hōʻike i ka nui kahiko o Aigupita sculptor Thutmose Junior. He hana ma ka pā hale o ka Paraʻo Akhenaten, a ua hana i kekahi o na hana kaulana o oe Amarna wā - ka bust o Queen Nefertiti. Nui hou 'ike he mea e pili ana i mea na sculptors loa kaulana o ka wa kahiko Greece a me Roma wā. Ma 'ana, i ka ke kahu moku, a Critius Nesiot hanaia i loko o ka 5th kenekulia BC. e ka. maikaʻi haku mele 'ana a me ka Garmody Aristogiton mea a laila aku ma mua o hookahi hooeueuia lakou sculptors hope manawa. ʻO oi aku kiekie ma ka craftsmanship kiʻi kaula i nui Phidias, no ke kumu o ke kiʻi o Dia i loko o ke gula, a me ka nihoʻelepani, ike me kekahi o na mea kupanaha o ka honua kahiko. He mea hiki ole i ka nana i ka nui na makana i ke kūpono 'ana o ke kahiko nō, a ua hanaʻia ua kaulana sculptors me Scopas, Praxiteles a me Lysippos, i hana mai i ka ai-i kapaia o na lio o Saint Mark. Like no me ka Roma sculptors, ka hapanui o ko lākou mau puke i haku ai, e like me ka mea kaulana Apollo Belvedere, he kope o ka Greek i ke kikokikona kope.

Famous sculptors o ke ao nei: o ka Middle Ages

E like me ko oukou ike ana, i ka hoʻomaka o ka mōʻaukala wā i hahai i ka haule ana o ka Western Roman aupuni a pau, ka mea, ua i ka mea maikaʻi manawa no ka hooulu ana i ke akamai. Ia mea ke kumu ole pakahi aku la ia nui na hana o ke akamai o ke kiʻi kaula no a hiki i ka 5-12 kenekulia ka, ua i ikeia i keia la. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ma manawa dictates hoomaka ae la ka ekalesia e hoʻonāwaliwali i, a he mau sculptures o ka poe haipule, a me nā luna, nona kākau ua ae ia lakou iho, e neʻe aku, mai ka canons ikaika o ka haipule oe, a i kā lākou puke i haku ai hou lifelike. E like me he kumu, ua hiki ke emi i na haku me makua kāne a me ke keiki a Pisano, ka mea i hana ia ma ka hopena o 13th, a i kakahiaka nui 14th kenekulia. A, o ka papa, i ka wa e hele mai ai i ka poe mea na sculptors loa kaulana o ka Kokika wā,ʻaʻole hiki ke kapaia Adamu Kraft i hana mai i ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa kuahu Tetzel Chapel.

Art kiʻi kaula pakebona

Paha he mea aneane he kanaka ka mea i ike i ka mea nana ka sculptors loa kaulana a me ka lakou mau hana o ka pakebona wā. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i loko o kēia au nā mea masterpieces me ke kiʻi o Davida, a me ka Pieta ma Michelangelo, he kope o ka i ua hoʻonaniʻia me ka Hui ekalesia ma ka honua, e like me ka pono me he kia hoʻomanaʻo i Gattamelata e Donatello a "Perseus" Benvenuto Cellini. O Palani haku mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo Zhana Guzhona a me Germain Pilon, ka poe i hana ma lalo o ka aoao o Italia nā hoapili.

Ikeia haku o kiʻi kaula o ka 18th kenekulia

A nani laʻana o ke akamai o ke kiʻi kaula o kēia manawa,ʻo ia ka mea kaulana Trevi Fountain ma ka Palazzo Poli ma Roma, noʻonoʻo i kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka Italia kulanakauhale alii. Ua Ua kākoʻo 'ia e Nicola Salvi a me Pietro Bracci nana i ke kii o Neptune me Triton. Ma ka 18th kenekulia ia hana, a Antonio Canova, kaulana no kona tombstones o ka Pope, a oae? A oae-ikeia sculptors mai France Edmond Bouchardon a me Zhan Batist Pigall. Like no na Masters Pelekāne, iwaena o lakou i na palapala Trio oia hoi o Dzhona Flaksmana, Iosifa Nollekensa a me Thomas mau kapa a pau.

Europa kiʻi kaula o ka 19th kenekulia

Ka hoʻomaka o ka hope kenekulia i koho ma ke ano o ke alohilohi hoku o ko ke ao nei o ke kiʻi kaula - Bertel Thorvaldsen, ka mea i loko o 1803 hooku iho la ia i ka lehulehu kona "Iasona". Ma hope o ka leo honua Debut, uaʻano mahalo i loko o ka haku kaulana o nā mea kūʻai mai, mai kekahi aina, a me kona loa he lōʻihi makakū ola kiʻi kālaiʻia he nui maikaʻi mele a me nā kiʻi o kaulana kanaka. Ma kekahi, e pono ke kuai i olelo ia i ka nunui friezes, depicting ka hoʻomanaʻo Aleksandra Makedonskogo,ʻo ia i hana i ka 1812 no ka mea hoʻonani o ka Quirinal Palace.

I ka noʻonoʻo 'ana i ka ninau o ka poe e noho ana i ka loa kaulana sculptors a me ka lakou mau hana o ka 19th kenekulia, kekahi o ka mea mua e hiki mai ai i ka manaʻo o ka inoa o Auguste Rodin. A me ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau, mai kona hanaia'na "ka Thinker" a me "Ka Hana" 'ike me ka masterpieces mea nui loa o ka honua no oe. Like no ka haku o ke kiʻi kaula ma Hawaii, ka mea hewaʻiʻo kūikawā hai L. Shvantaler nana i hana na mea he nui kamahaʻo hana hoonani hale aliʻi, a me kekahi mau hale o Munich.

Sculptors 20-21 kenekulia

Ma ke kenekulia i hala iho nei, i ka mooolelo o ka nui Ikalia haku hoomau Dzhakomo Mantsu, kaulana no kona hanaia'na o ka "puka o ka Make", i no ka Hale Pule Nui o St. Petero ma Roma. Eia hou, e pono ke kuai i haiia ae Artists like me Zhak Lipshits a me Osip Tsadkin, ka mea i hana i loko o ka surrealist kaila. Ka waeʻano o "loa kaulana sculptors o ko ke ao nei" pili Alberto Giacometti, hana i ka 1961, he hana a "e hele ana ke kanaka", i i oaeuiinoe ma Sotheby ka i loko o 104,3 miliona 'Amelika dala. Mawaena o na sculptors o ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20th, ia mea i ke kumukuai i haiia ae Fernando Botero, Lynn Chadwick Barri Flanagana a.

Famous sculptors mai Rusia 18-19 kenekulia

Kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke akamai o ke kiʻi kaula i loko o Rusia ia mea,ʻaʻole e pono e mālama '-Petrine au, no ka mea, ka mea wale hakuʻole. St. Petersburg kumu i mākou manaʻo e pili ana iʻai i kona mau hale aliʻi a me nā kihikihiʻo sculptures, e like me ua mea maʻamau i loko oʻEulopa aina, no laila, e hoomaka i ka Aha, e kono aku ia haole Artists. Ke'ī mai, ka mea mua i ike ia "Lūkini" sculptors, he mau malihini. No ka laʻana, ua lohe mau effigy, hoolei aku i ka makua kāne wā e hiki mai ana o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone nui - K. Rastrelli.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka Halau o Arts Ana II hoomaka ae la e ke aʻo a me ka poʻe Lūkini. Ma 'ana, i loko o nā makahiki o kona noho alii ana, ua kūlana paionia' o ka wahi lulu nō o ke kiʻi kaula me F. Shubin a me M. Kozlovsky a me F. Gordeev, nana i hana i ka kaulana Samesona. Oi loa aku hoi i ka puu o ka loea Artists i waho ma ka 19th kenekulia. Ma kekahi, i loko o kēia wā i hana i ka pono-ike Lūkini sculptors me M. M. Antokolsky - i ka mea kākau o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo iā Petero ka Nui ma Peterhof, AM Opekushin, P. Velionsky a me I. N. Shreder.

Art kiʻi kaula o ka Soviet, a kia-Soviet manawa

Kekahi o ka loa recognizable hana o ke kiʻi kaula o ka hapa mua o ka 20th kenekulia, o ka papa, o ka kia kaulana ma Vera Mukhina "hana a Kane ka mahiʻai Girl" - aeia oia masterpiece o ka lawelawe realism. No emi hana hoihoi a me ka hana ana o E. Vutechicha nana i hana i ka "Koa Kaulana-liberator" no ka Pelelina ka Treptow Park a me ke ao nei-kaulana kiʻi "Ka Motherland", a me M. Anikushina - mea kākau o ke kia A. P. Chehovu a me Pushkin, ka mea i hoopaaia ma Leningrad i ka 1957.

E like me ka mea i ka loa kaulana Lūkini sculptors o ke kia-Soviet manawa, paha, ka mea e e haawiia, a me Ernst Unknown, ka poe i hoomaka i kana hana i loko o Soviet manawa, i koi e emigrate i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, a me kona loaʻiʻo hana - "Approach o pōʻino" Magedala no ka mea paipai manaʻo no nā luahi o Stalinist repression - hana i ka 1996. Kekahi haku o ke kiʻi kaula, i ua hoʻomano ike i loko o nā makahiki - Shemyakin, i waena o nā hana i hewaʻiʻo kūikawā hai nunui-huahelu haku mele 'ana "Children - luahi o ka makua hewa".