"Ka Pōhaku Nui o St. Petersburg": ke ki'ikuhi, ki'i

Ua ho'okumu'ia'o St. Petersburg ma ke'ano he kūlanakauhale kuapo, a ua hā'awi aku i ke aupuni Lūkini i nā koina Pākē. Mahalo i ke kūkākūkā moana, ua ulu a nui ka ulu o ke kūlanakauhale. I kēia lā,'o ka "Big Port o St. Petersburg"'o ia ka moku lawe nui nui, ka mea i loa'a i nā makahiki he mau haneli haneli mau moku.

Nā 'ano ma'amau

Ma ke kūkulu'ākau o Rūsia "'O ka Big Seaport o St. Petersburg"'o ia ka'oihana'oi loa a me ka huina o nā moku halihali. Ua Ua Aia ma luna o ka Neva Bay, iʻoki i loko o ka'āina i loko o ka hikina loa o ke awawa o Finland e pili ana i ka Baltic kai. Port wahi - na mokupuni lehulehu i hanaʻia ma ka aaeuoa o ka muliwai Neva.

Ho'opā'ia ke awa i ka makahiki holo'oko'a. Mai ka mahina'o Novemaba a hiki i'Apelila, ua uhi'ia ke kai e ka hau. No ka mālama pono'ana i nā moku e komo i nā hale, e kōkua'ia lākou i ke anu anuanu e ka hana'ana i nā'akikopaka, kahi e hiki ai ke ala i uka.

Ma ke'ano,'o "Big Port o St. Petersburg" he mau pana o nā'ano'ano'ano li'ili'i like'ole: nā ululā'au, kālepa, nā mea holohua, nā i'a a me nā muliwai. Aia kekahi mau moku kūkulu a me nā mea kanu, kahi mea'aila, nā'ao'ao o Lomonosov a me Kronstadt, nā ke'ena o ke kahua kū moku'o Bronka a me Gorskaya.

No laila, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo palekana i ka "Big Port o St. Petersburg" kahi hanana pa'a loa. 'O kāna mahele he maha o nā kahawai a me nā pani no nā mea like'ole.

Fairway pūnaewele a me ko lākou'ano

'O ka nui,'o ka lō'ihi o nā pani o "Big Port"'oi aku ma mua o 9 km. Hāpai lākou i ka lō'ihi a'a'ole hiki ke loa'a i nā kahawai, i kūkulu'ia e komo i nā moku i nā'ano like'ole. 'O ka lō'ihi loa - i ka pōhaku o Kronstadt, ma waho o ka moku'o Kotlin. 'O nā'ao'ao o ke kai he mea ma'alahi. Ua hala kona lō'ihi i 27 mau mile. Hiki iā'oe ke ho'okipa i nā moku me ke kime 11 m. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka moku pono ke lilo i 260 m lō'ihi a ma kahi o 40 m ka laulā.

'O nā moku nui loa e pili ana i ka "Great Port of St. Petersburg" ma kahi'oko'a loa. 'O ka'oihana kai e lawe ai i ka'aila ma waho o ke alanui. 'A'ole pono lākou e hele loa i ka'āina.

Ma ke'ano laulā, aia he'oko'a o 60 mau paila. Iā lākou e mālama i nā'ano hewa a hiki i ka 12 m hohonu ka lō'ihi e like me ka nui o nā moku i loa'a a me nā kumu o ko lākou hō'ea'ana i nā awa o St. Petersburg.

'O ka palena mua

No ka'olu'olu o ka mālama'ana a me ka mālama'ana i nā'oihana a pau,'o ka ho'oponopono'ana i "Big Port o St. Petersburg" māhele'ia ia i loko o kekahi mau'āpana. Ua lawelawe kēlā mea kēia mea i kāna'oihana kū'ai. Eia kekahi, he'ano'oko'a ka paila o kēia mau wahi i ko lākou kumu, a hiki i ka ho'olele'ana i nā moku a hā'awi iā lākou i nā lawelawe kūpono.

'O ka'āpana mua, he'umikumamāhā pale. Mai ka mua a hiki i ka hiku o nā moku e lawe ana i ka ukana i loko o ka pahu. Loading a me ka unloading ana i lawe mai ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka 23 awa nā manuʻioʻio. 'O kā lākou amo amo'ana he 40 mau anoni.

Ma'ane'i e hiki iā'oe ke waiho i nā waiwai no ka mālama'ana ma nā hale kū'ai i hāmama ai'ole i pani'ia paha, a'o ka huina o ka hapa i'oi aku i ka 125,000 sq.m. CJSC "Kamupali Ho'okele Lua" lawelawe i kēia wahi.

'O nā mea i koe o'ehiku mau mea i koe no ka huli'ana a me ka holo'ana i nā moku. Eia nā moku o nā'auwa'a kaua.

Wahi'elua

Ho'okipa'ia nā mea nānā i waho e "Big Port o St. Petersburg". Hō'ike nā ki'i i kona nui loa a me kona laulā. 'O ke'ano o ka loa'a'ana o nā lens i kahi kūlana'elua, e'ae ana i nā moku o nā'auwa'a holo moana.

'O kēia wahi, he 15-41 mau paila me ka lō'ihi o kahi o 3 km ka lō'ihi. E'ae i nā paila o ka moku me ka'a'ahu'a'ole i'oi aku ma mua o 11 m.'O ka māhele ukana ka mea'oihana i nā huahana nui e like me ka palaoa, nā mea kanu, nā kupa, ke kō.

Aia kekahi mana kūikawā no ka ho'oponopono'ana i nā mea kanu ho'opihapiha me ka'ole o nā pahu. No kahi lā, hiki ke mālama'ia ka'āina a 100 mau ka'a, a hiki i kahi he'umikumamālua kaukani ka nui o nā ukana waiwai nui e mālama'ia i loko o kahi hale kū'ai.

'O nā pā a pau, koe wale no ka 27, e lawelawe'ia e ka Hui Kamali'i Huleana mua CJSC. 'O ka papa iwakāluakumamāhiku ka mālama'ia e nā LLC "Baltic Fleet".

I loko o ke kauwela kauwela, ua kūkulu'ia nā 32-34 e kūkulu i nā moku holo moana nui e ho'okō ana i nā holo moana.

Kahi'ekolu

'O ka lāhuhu a me ke kuahiwi e kāohi ai i ke awa'ekolu. He'umikumamākolu mau pale, nā mea'oihana i loko o nā pahu, ka ho'oulu'ana o ka lā'au a me ke kila kila.

No ka mea, ua ho'onui nui'ia nā moku no kēia ukana, no laila, e mālama pono'ia ke'ano kūpono o ko lākou'ae'ana mai, a laila e ukali'ia e "Big Port o St. Petersburg". Ua ho'onohonoho'ia'o Lotsia ma kēia wahi i mea e hiki ai ke lawe i nā moku ma Ro-Ro ma luna o nā papa 82-87.

No ka hakakā'ana i kahi nui o nā pahu, ua ho'olako'ia kēia māhele o nā kaha me nā mea pono a pau, a hiki i ke 35 mau kihana ke hiki ke halihali'ia.

Ua ho'omākaukau'ia nā Berths 67-70 no ka loa'a'ana a me ka lawe'ana i ka lā'au a puni. 'O ke kūlana o ka pahu kūlana he 1 miliona mau kuala o ka ukana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ho'oponopono'ia ka pilina o ka nahele e ka CJSC Stevedore Forest Company.

Wahi'āpana'ehā

Ua lilo nā mokupuni i ho'okipa'ia i ka Hale'o Coal i wahi o ka moku'ehā. Ke komo nei lākou i ka ho'opili'ana i ka nui a me ka ukana nui. No ka ho'okō'ana i kēia mau hana,'o ka hapa nui o nā kumukū hohonu he hohonu kēia a hiki i 11 mau mika, no ka mea,'o nā moku e lawe ana i kēlā ukana me nā'ano nani.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE "nā mea hana keaka" 'aneʻi nō ka mea pōhaku fertilizers, lanahu, wāwahie na mea i eliia, alumina, mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Iā lākou a pau i ka halihali loiloi hou, ua ho'okomo'ia nā mea hana i lawelawe i nā ka'a a me nā moku. 'Oi aku kona holomua a hiki i 5 miliona mau kua no ka makahiki.

Nui nā hui e lawelawe ana i kēia wahi. 'O kekahi o lākou e waiho wale i 1-2 mau paila, kōkua kekahi i nā'oihana ho'olālā e kokoke i ka hapalua o ke kahawai.

'O ke pani no ka loa'a'ana o ka'aila

E like me ka mea i ha'i mua'ia, hiki i ka "Big Port o St. Petersburg" nā huaka'i nui nui ma ke alahele o waho o ka pahu puna. Aia ma kahi kokoke kokoke i ka moku'ehā. Ho'omaopopo'ia nā'auwai moana no ka lawelawe'ana i kahi 35,000 tononi. Eia kekahi,'elua mau pani no nā'auwai wai e hele mai ma'ane'i mai ka Neva.

I kēia lā, hiki i nā kupa o ka pahu ke ki'i i kahi 42,000 kupita kupanaha o nā hua'aila'aila a hiki i 132,000 cubic meter o ka hinu'ele'ele. Mahalo i kēia nona iho o ka maʻi lawelawe 'ana me ka wahi no ka ho okumu ana o na moku me ka mea hoʻolilo kakolina diesel a me ka wahie kaʻaila, i hele mai ai i na docks ma ka poʻina nalu a me nāʻohe, mai kokoke refineries.

I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua ho'olālā'ia e ho'oulu i ka pāmu mahi'ai ma kahi 60,000 mau mīkini mika, a wehe hou i kahi papa hou no nā pahu koli a me ka hō'ailona he'umikumamālua a me ka hapalua mika.

Hiki ke ho'ohana i nā hana ma ka pahu kūpono no ka CJSC Petersburg Oil Terminal. Ho'olako'ia ke ala ka'a ka'a me ka'āina me ke kōkua o ka mea ho'okūkū "Avtovo" ma ka'Okakopa Okamau.

'O ka'aila'aila ka mea nui loa e ho'olako ana i ka'oihana kalepa o nā hua'aila me ka hapa nui o nā'āina'Elepa. Ma ka'āina,'a'ohe mea hiki'ole ke ho'okō.

Nā'auwa'a a me nā lawai'a

E like me ka ho'omaopopo'ana, ua ho'onohonoho ka luna moku o "Big Port o St. Petersburg" i kahi pūnaewele'oihana o nā awa li'ili'i a me nā pali. No laila, aia i kēlā me kēia o kāna mau alaka'i alaka'i a me nā'oihana waiwai.

Aia kekahi mau kikowaena nui o ka lawe'ana i ka ukana, e like me ke'ano o ka ulu lā'au. He pa'akikī ka hana'ana ma ka'ike'ana o ka lā'au a me nā huahana mai ia mea e makemake ai i kahi kūikawā kūikawā no ka ho'ouka'ana a me ka mālama'ana. No laila, ua ho'olālā'ia ka papa ho'olālā o nā mea kāhiko.

Ma ka quays hana like me ka wahi gantry a me ka alahaka nā manuʻioʻio a me ka lawe lima kona kalaka pau huahana. I ka manawa like, ua loli ko lākou halihali i ka 5 a 104 mau kekona.

No ka ho'olako'ana i nā hua li'ili'i, ua ho'olako'ia nā hale kū'ai i ho'opa'a'ia me ka'āpana o kahi o 70,000 mau mika kūlike. 'O nā wahi ākea no ka nahele i'oi aku ma mua o 364,000 mau mika kūlike. Aia i loko o lākou he nui ka manawa e mālama ai i nā pahu o nā'ano like'ole.

'O ke'ano kūikawā ma kāna'oihana a me ke awa lawai'a. Hana'o ia me nā mea e palaho, a waiho kēia i kāna mau hō'ailona ma kāna ho'onohonoho'ana. Aia 6 mau pale i ke awa i makaukau no ka ho'okemo koke'ana i ka uki'i momona. Ke nānā pū nei nā hale kū'ai i ka ho'omaha a me ka mālama'ana o nā hua malo'o.

'O nā manawa kūpono no ka lawe'ana i ka halihali

I kēia manawa,'o ka "Big Port o St. Petersburg" ke kānalua nei i ka mana'o me kāna mea kaulike a me kona mau hiki no ka lawelawe'ana i nā'auwa'a kalepa. I loko o ka makahiki e lawe ana i nā haneli haneli mau moku e lawe mai i nā miliona miliona o ka waiwai o nā'ano like'ole. Akā, e ulu ana ka pono no ka ulu'ana o ke awa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

No kēia kumu, ke mālama mau nei'o ia i ka hiki i ka ho'onui'ana i ke kūlana o ka lawelawe'ana, a'o ka ho'onohonoho'ana i nā puka hou, nā hale kū'ai, a me ka hohonu o nā kahawai. 'O kēia mau mea e'ae'ia ai ka "Big Port" e noho i kēia manawa a hiki ke kūpono i ka RF e pono i ke ka'a moana.