Ka'ōlelo i ho'opuka'ia: nā kulekele a me nā kumu

'O kahi inoa kūlohelohe e pili ana i kahi mea'ike'ole'ia a'ike'ole'ia paha (ke kumuhana, kanaka) ai'ole i kāna waiwai. Aia kēia mau'ōlelo: kekahi mea, kekahi mea, kekahi mea, kekahi, kekahi, kekahi mea, kekahi, a pēlā aku. Ua hana'ia lākou mai nā'ōlelo ho'opi'i, akā ho'ohana'ia nā prefix no kekahi, a me nā postfixes, , A i kekahi mea, ai'ole. No ka laʻana, kekahi - kekahi, KoʻOlau, kekahi, KoʻOlau; kahi - Kaleohano, someplace, kaleohano, anywhere; i ka nui o - pehea ka nui o kekahi mau, oi a emi.

Ka ho'ohālikelike'ana o nā'ōlelo i ho'oholo'ole'ia ma ke kumu o ka huli

No laila, ua māhele'ia nā'ōlelo ma'amau i ka Lūkini i loko o:

• Hō'ike - kuhikuhi i kekahi mea i loa'a i loko o ka mea maoli (kekahi mea, kekahi mea, kekahi mea, kekahi). A laila, hiki ke ho'oka'awale i nā'ōlelo kuhikuhi i nā papa'elua e like me ka hō'ailona o ka kaulana a i'ole ka ho'omaha'ole:
  
  1) poorly hoakaka pronouns - e ia i loko o ke kulana home 'ole ma o ka'ōlelo ua ike e hoopii mai ai, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, mai kuhi i ka mea, ua ike no ka lohe (kekahi koe, hoʻokahi-laila, ke cia koe) (no ka laʻana:, e hai aku au ia oukou i kekahi Kākau);
  
  2)'ōlelo no ka'ike'ole - ho'ohana'ia e hō'ike i ka mea'ike'ole i ka mea ha'i (one-to-one) (e like me ke'ano: hele mai kekahi i Ivan).
• Ole-referential - hoike unfixed, unspecified mea (na mea a pau i-ole, someday) (no ka laʻana: au Pono, e pule no kekahi).

Kāhea e pili ana i kahi prefix o nā non-

'O lākou nei: kekahi, kekahi, kekahi, mea. 'O ka mua o nā'ōlelo ho'olaha e hō'ike i ka kaulana, ka'ōlelo no ka mea ha'i'ōlelo a me ka pō'ele'ele no ka mea ho'olohe. 'O'ole,'a'ole lākou e kapa'ia pēlā:'ōlelo kūpa'a. Hiki ke hō'ulu'ulu'ia nā mana'o me lākou e like me kēia:

• 'O kekahi kanaka'ōpiopio i'a'ahu'ia i ka'a'ahu ke'oke'o, ua komo'o ia i loko o ko'u ke'ena.
• 'O ka'u kumu, kekahi'o Ivasiuk, he kumu a'o kūikawā a me kekahi kanaka i hele mai i ka hale.

Eia kekahi, ke ho'ohana'ia nā'ōlelo o kēia papahana no ka hō'ike'ana i ka hana ho'okumu,'o ia ho'i, e ho'okomo i nā inoa hou a i nā kūlana ma ka ho'omaka'ana o ka kikokikona. Eia kekahi la'ana:

• Ma kekahi aupuni ...

'O kekahi mea, hiki i kekahi ma kekahi mau mea ke hō'ike i ka'ike'ole no ka mea ha'i. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi ia, e hoolilo ia lakou i ka oko ao i loko o nā pronouns -That. Eia kekahi la'ana:

• Ke holo nei kekahi mea ke'oke'o a me ka momona a lele i loko o ka ululaau ulu lā'au.

Nā'ōlelo e pili ana

Indefinite pronoun i -What ua manao ia e hoike i ka ike ole, a me ka olua horn:

• Ua ho'olohe pono a'ike wau aia he kanaka i loko o ka lumi.

Pū ma luna o pronouns -That hiki ole e ia i loko o holo nōhie kona ano, a me ka manaʻo someday:

• Pono kekahi e noho ma ka hana i kēia lā.

Eia hou, hiki i ke kime ke hana i ka hana ho'omaka:

• Ua kākau kekahi haumāna ma ka papa'ele'ele i kēia absurdity.

Loa'a nā'elele

Ho'oholo'ia ka waiwai o ka'ōlelo ho'opi'i'ole i ke kumu o nā hi'ohi'ona ma'amau, a me nā'ano o ka pō'aiapili i ho'ohana'ia ai nā'ōlelo.

Hō'ike ka'ōlelo i kahi le'ale'a (e nānā'ia e pili ana i ka hope o kekahi. 'O ia, ma kēia hihia, ua ho'ohālikelike'ia ka'ati o ka "kāpae'ia'ana o ka hō'oia". Hiki ke kū i kahi'ano o kēia'ano:

• Inā loa'a kahi pilikia e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana;
• Inā loa'a kahi pilikia -'ano'ē a'e,'o ia ho'i i ha'i'ia i kēia manawa a i'ole paha;
• Ke ho'ohana'ia nei ka pilina o ke ka'ina.

No laila, e no'ono'o pono i kēia mau mea a pau. Ma ka hihia mua, e ho'ohana'ia kekahi'ōlelo kūpono no:

• 'O ka lā ma mua o ka manawa ('o ia ke alaka'i i kekahi mau hi'ohi'ona, e'ike lākou i kekahi wahi);
• Ka ho'onohonoho'ana no ka wā e hiki mai ana, me nā noi (makemake'o Irina e hele i kekahi wahi, e'imi nei'o Vladimir i kekahi mea maika'i no'oe, noi'o ia i kahi mea e kākau ai iā ia);
• No ka mea ko'iko'i (koe wale no ka hō'ailona o ka mana o ka'ae'ana, no ka ho'onohonoho'ana) (e mele i kekahi mea, e ha'i mai iā mākou i kekahi mau hua'ōlelo, e wikiwiki e ki'i mai i kahi ki'i ia'u);
• Ke'ano o ka hiki a pilikia paha (hiki iā ia ke kāhea aku i kahi e kāhea aku, pono e ho'omaopopo'ia kekahi, pono e kāhea'ia kekahi);
• subjunctive, oplativa (pono nana ia i lawe i kekahi mea, e inu; au i makemake ma ka naʻau, e hana i kekahi mea no ia);
• No ka ho'oholo i ke kumu (i mea e hana ai lākou i kekahi mea, pono lākou i ke kālā).

Ma ka hihia'elua, ho'ohana'ia nā'ōlelo e hō'ike ai:

• ('A'ole)'oia'i'o, ho'onāukiuki (ke kānalua nei au he hana'o ia,'a'ole wau i mana'o ua'ike lākou i kekahi mea e pili ana i ia mea, he mea kupanaha i loa'a iā lākou kahi mea,'a'ohe mea hiki'ole iā ia ke hele i kekahi wahi, ua'ike kekahi iā ia Kāhea'ia, inā ua lawe mai'o ia i kekahi mea;
• No ka nīnau (a no ka'ōlelo ho'ohālikelike), ka mana'o ho'opi'i (Ua kāhea'ia kekahi?
• 'O nā'ao'ao (lawe lākou iā Alena a i'ole kekahi o kona mau hoaaloha me lākou);
• Nā kūlana (inā ua huna lāua i kekahi mea, e uku lākou no ia mea);
• 'O ka epistemic modality (hiki i kekahi ke hō'eha iā ia);
• Ke kū'ē'ē i ke koho'ana i ka'ōlelo ('A'ole wau i mana'o ua ho'ololi lākou i kekahi mea).

No ka hihia'ekolu, hā'awi mākou i nā hi'ohi'ona: e lawe mai kēlā mea kēia mea me ia.

Nā ha'i'ōlelo pili, ho'okō i nā hana o ka maopopo'ole

Hiki ke ho'ohemo'ia kahi hō'ano'ole i loko o kekahi mau hi'ohi'ona. E ho'olālikelike kākou i ka ho'ohana'ana o nā'ōlelo kū'oko'a i nā nīnau pili'ole a me nā māmala'ōlelo kūlana:

ʻauhau'ēʻaʻe ninau :

• Ua no'ono'o'o ia a ua no'ono'o'o ia, akā ua kāhea'o ia e'ike i kona hemahema.
• Mai ke kihi o kona maka i'imi'o ia e'ike inā he mea'ē a'e ma kahi o ka ka'a.

Conditional olelo :

• Inā hiki, hiki iā lākou ke hau'oli.
• Inā hele mai kekahi, e ho'omālamalama i ke kukui'ōma'oma'o.

Nā'ōlelo i ho'opuka'ole'ia no ka'ōlelo

Ma waho a'e o nā'ōlelo kū'oko'a kahiko i kākau'ia, waiho'ia lākou i kēia:

• 'Ōlelo ho'opuka hou: kahi, kahi,'o wai-'o wai ('o wai'o ka mea,'a'ole'o ia i'ike).
• Pronouns ka nānā 'inideka i loaʻa ka formant -That (no laila, a no laila, he mea i kekahi mea, no ka mea, i kekahi mea, etc.) (A laila, i kekahi mea, a laila, i kekahi mea e hiki ke hana i ka ho'āʻo).
• 'O kekahi mau hua'ōlelo e pili ana i nā māhele'ē a'e e hana i ka hana o kahi kuhikuhi ma'amau: he hui like me kēia a i'ole paha; 'Aiā'ike, maopopo; 'O kahi nui.
• 'O nā'enewai Nui me kahi'āpana pā'ani, "amalgams" - nā constalal constructions ma ke kumu o ka ho'opō'ino'ana, ke'ano o ka lono:'A'ole wau i'ike'o wai, ('a'ole) i maopopo ke'ike'ole i ka wā,'a'ole au e ho'omana'o,
• Nā'āpana'āina i loko o ka mea postpositive, "quasi-relativistic" - nā papa inoa o nā inoa i loa'a ma muli o nā paukū pili'ole pili pili'ole: ma nā wahi a pau, e like me ka mea i'ike'ia,'o kēlā mea kēia mea āu e makemake ai, a pēlā aku,

Nā'ōlelo kūpono'ole a keu

I ka ho'omaka mua, ua'ōlelo mākou ua ho'opuka'ia nā'ōlelo kūwaho no ka hihia ma o kekahi mau prefix a me postfix. Akā, kaawale mai o lakou, mai ka interrogative palapala, a hiki e io pronouns, wale i kēia manawa me ke kōkua o nā prefixes e like me ka politika - ni- a ma - he mea wahi nui -ʻaʻole i nā mea a pau, ka poe - ole, ka wā - a mau loa aku, a pela aku ..

Eia kekahi, ua ho'opuka'ia nā'ōlelo kū'oko'a a me nā'ōlelo kūpono'ole:'o kā lākou mau hua'ōlelo syntactic a me morphological e like me nā mea i a'o'ia ai lākou,'o ia ho'i, mai nā mea pili.

Nā pōkā e pili ana i ka polarization'ole

Aia kekahi mau'ōlelo kū'oko'a i hō'ike'ia e ka polari'ole. Mau nā: na mea a pau i loko o-paha. Ma nā'ōlelo'ē a'e, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo a'e e ne'e nei lākou i ka pō'aiapili o ka negativity. I kēia hihia, hiki iā lākou ke pani i nā hua'ōlelo ma nā'ōlelo kūwaho. Eia kekahi la'ana:

• 'A'ole wau i hālāwai me kekahi kū'oko'a (kūpa'a hope) ma ke ala o ko'u ola.

Ma kahi o ka hiki pono o kekahi ano a pau. Eia kekahi, hiki ke ho'opau'ia kēia mau'ōlelo e kahi mea'ole. He hō'ailona paha:

• 'A'ohe o'u mana'o e ho'ololi i kekahi mea /'A'ole o'u makemake e ho'ololi i kekahi mea.

He waiwai i olelo ia mea hoʻokahi koe: ina ua hoʻohana 'ia ka negation i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE mahele, ka subordinate o kēia hiki ke hoʻohana wale paha'ē - paha, e like me ka mea i hiki ole - ka io pronoun. Eia kekahi la'ana:

• 'A'ole i'ike'ia inā paha ua pau kēia puke (akā,'a'ole na'e) i pau.

Ka wehewehe'ana i nā'ōlelo kūpono a me nā'ōlelo kūpono'ole

Hiki ke'ike i nā'ano o nā rula no ka kākau'ana i kēia mau'ōlelo:

• i ka pono o (particles) a me ka ole i kekahi;
• kaawale, a fused (particles) e i kākau a me ka ole i na pronouns;
• Nā kūkā maika'i.

No laila:

• Ke huna Uaʻaʻole i kākauʻia e ka makau kuhohonu ana, aʻaʻohe -ʻaʻohe stress (ka mea, i kekahi, i kekahi mea, i kekahi mea, i kekahi mau mea,ʻaʻole i nā mea a pau, wahi, wahi, i kekahi mea, aohe mea).
• Inā he mea e hoaponoiaʻi,ʻaʻole i nā (particles) hana, a aole hoi e e kākau i kekahi hua'ōlelo (ole, uuku, i kekahi mea i ole kekahi,ʻaʻohe, ole), a ina i loaʻa kaawale, ma keia pretext e ku ma waena o na (particles) a me pronouns (ma ole kekahi, i kekahi, 'A'ole loa,'a'ohe mea). No laila, loa'a iā mākou kahi hui o'ekolu mau hua'ōlelo.
• Pela 'indefinite pronouns mea ia e loaʻa i ka pākuʻina kau koe, a suffixes someday-laila, ia mea e pono-ole hyphenate.
• Hopuna mea e ae ('ē aʻe), e like me ka mea'ē aʻe (kekahi) ua ole palapala i ka huna, a kaawale ma ke alo o na (particles) e like me ka hookaawale i loko o kona wa e kaawale aku. Pronouns 'Aʻohe a me ka mea e e palapala e like me ia mau rula, oia, me ka stress a me ka preposition a huna mākou kākau, a me ka pronoun pu (mea e ae (nā), i kekahi mea'ē aʻe ('ē aʻe)).
• I ka mea ma luna o nä hopuna kue hiki ke kaheaia ole wale ma ka Union like pono akā, ua pono e pākuʻi mua i kēia mau ana (ka moʻolelo i haʻi iā ia ma kona kupuna kāne, a me kekahi mea'ē aʻe). He mea pono e ho'omaopopo'ia me kēia mau hui pū'ana,'a'ole loa he hō'ole'ē a'e i loko o ka hua'ōlelo.
• Like no ka hopuna i kekahi'ē aʻe (nā), mea e ae (nā), ka mea, e hoʻohana i ka hana me ke kue, e like me ia ma ka olelo, ma he mea hōʻole (Aole'ē mea maikaʻi no oe i ka hana), a me ka loa kākaʻikahi i loko o ka'ōlelo ma kahi o ka hoole ana (wale ia hana ,'A'ohe mea'ē a'e). It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka huna ana i kekahi hui malu pu ana o kaʻikepili palapala i na pronouns pu.

'Oiai,'o ka'ōkalakala'ana o nā'ōlelo ho'opono a me nā'ōlelo kūpono'ole aia nā'ōlelo kaulike kūpono a me kekahi mau hō'ole. No laila, inā maopopo iā'oe kēia kumuhana, inā'a'ole pono e loa'a nā pilikia me ka'ōkuhi pololei a me ka ho'ohana'ana o kēia mau'ōlelo ho'opuka. A no ka po'e e a'o i ka'ōlelo Pelekānia, nā'ōlelo kū'oko'a e pono'ole e ho'ololi i nā pilikia,'oiai'o nā kānāwai o ko lākou ho'ohana'ana ua pili like ia i nā rula ma Rūkia.

Nā lālā o nā lula ma ka'ōlelo Pelekānia

E no'ono'o pehea e ho'ohana'ia ai nā'ōlelo kū'oko'a loa loa. 'O ka'ōlelo Pelekania e pili ana iā lākou: kekahi, kekahi mea, kekahi, kekahi, kekahi mea, kekahi, kekahi, a pēlā aku. Pēlā:

• 'O ka'ōlelo mua e ho'ohana pinepine'ia i nā hua'ōlelo me ka hō'ailona kūpono, ka hō'ole'ole, a me nā nīnau pū kekahi;
• Ho'ohana'ia nā mea'ekolu i ka'ōlelo ho'oholo, ma nā nīnau e hō'ike ana i kekahi mea;
• E ho'ohana'ia nā mea hope loa i ka ho'opi'i maika'i'ole; I ka mea nui; Ma ke'ano kaulike; Ma ka'ae a me nā'ōlelo kūpono'ole, inā ho'ohana'ia kēia mau'ōlelo kūkā ma ka mana'o o "kekahi, kēlā me kēia".