Kazakh SSR a me ka mo'aukala o ka hana'ana

'O Kazakhstan'o kēia manawa ka mea nui loa ma nā'ano o ka'āina ma hope o Rusia a me kekahi o nā'āina CIS waiwai i loa'a. 'O ka mea mua i noho ai'o ia ke Repubalika o ka Soviet Union - ke Kazakh SSR. Ua ho'ohui pū'ia ka mo'olelo o kēia kūlana'āina me ko kākou Soviet mua a me nā'ano o kēia manawa o Kazakhstan. E nānā aku kākou ma o ka pilina o nā makahiki i hala iho nei.

'O ke kūlana mua

Akā, no ka ho'okumu'ana i nā ka'ina hana i puka i ka puka'ana o kahi kūlana o ka Moku'āina e like me ka Kazakh SSR, pono mākou e ho'i i nā haneli he nui i hala aku nei, i nā kumu o ka noho ali'i ma waena o nā Kazakhs.

'O ke kumu o ka noho ali'i o Kazakhī e pili ana i ka manawa o ka hā'ule'ana o ke Golden Horde a me ka ho'oka'awale'ana o ke kaua Kazakh, ma muli o nā mea i hōkai'ia, o ka Uzbek Khanate. He mea ma'amau ia e ho'okumu i kēia hanana i ka 1465, i ka wā i ho'onāukiuki'ia ai nā alaka'i o Kurei a me Zhanibek, e ke aupuni o Uzbek Khan Abulkhayr, a ha'alele i ko lākou'āina, e alaka'i'ia e ko lākou mau'ohana. 'O nā po'e'ohana i hahai ma hope o lākou, ho'omaka lākou e kapa iā lākou'o Kazakhs, i unuhi'ia mai ka'ōlelo Turkkan mai he "po'e kū'oko'a".

Eia na'e, ua pa'a loa ka ho'ona'auao 'ana o ka moku'āina, a'a'ole i ho'okumu'ia. I ka makahiki 1718, ma lalo o ke koi'ana o ka mokulele lele, ua hō'oki'ia i'ekolu mau māhele:'o ke Junior, the Middle and the Senior Juz. A laila ho'omaka ka wā koko o ka pū'ali Kazakh-Dzungarian. No ka ho'opakele'ana i nā Kazakhū mai ka ho'opau piha'ana, ua kōkua wale'ia ma muli o ka ho'okomo iki'ana o ka mo'okūkī Lūkini e Kazakh khans ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 1800. I ka mua, ua nui ka mana o Khanona, akā i ka makahiki 1900 ua ho'onui loa'ia ka hopena,'o ia ho'i i ka hopena. I ka makahiki 1824 ua ho'opau'ia ka mana o khan, a lilo nā'āina'o Kazakh i loko o ka moku Lūkia.

'O ka'ao'ao hema o ka Kazakhstan o kēia manawa,'o Zhuz mua, akā na'e i lilo kona ku'okoa, ua ho'ohui pū'ia me Rusia i ka wā o ka ho'ouka kaua'ana o'Apelika Nui i ka hapalua o ka makahiki 19. Ua māhelehele'ia ka'āina o ka ho'opau'ana i nā Kazakhs ma waena o ke kuhina nui'o Turkestan a me ke Komohana Siberia, a me ka moku'o Orenburg. I loko o kēia wā ua kapa'ia lākou'o Kirghiz-Kaisaks, no ka mea e'ole e pilihua me ka Lūkini Lūkini.

Akā, i ka makahiki 1917, ua ha'alulu'o ke Aupuni Lūkini, ho'omaka ka Kaua Kivila, a he ikaika nui ka hopena o nā Kazakhū a he hana nui i ka ho'okumu'ana i ka SSR Kazakh.

'O ka manawa o ka hakakā'ana

I loko o ke Kaua Kivila, ua hakakā'ia nā hakakā a me ka hakakā ma ka'āina o Kazakhstan o kēia manawa. I kēlā manawa, ua ho'okumu'ia nā kuhi aupuni - ma ka'ākau - Alash (Alash-Orda) me Central Semipalatinsk, a ma ke kūkulu hema - Turkestan me ke kapikala ma Kokand. Ua ho'opau'ia nā moku'āina'elua i ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila e nā Bolshevik:'o ka mua i ka 1920, a'o ka lua i ka makahiki 1918. Ua ho'okumu'ia ka moku'āina'o Soviet Republic o ka Kirghiz a me ka Republic Soviet Republic, ma ka'āina.

Ka Kyrgyz ASSR

I ka manawa i kūkulu'ia ai i ka lā 16 Iulai i ka makahiki 1920,'o ka'āina o ka Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic he hapa nui o Kazakhstan o kēia manawa. 'A'ole i komo wale nā'āina ma ka hema o ka'āina,'o ia ho'i, e like me ka mea i'ōlelo'ia ma luna, ua komo pū'ia i loko o ka Republic of Turkestan Soviet Republic. Akā, ma Kyrgyz ASSR nā Karakalpakia a me ka'āina o'Orenburg o kēia wā, a'o Orenburg ka wahi'oihana ho'omalu. Ua hui pū'ia ka Hui Ku'una Soviet Soviet Socialist'o Kirghiz, me nā kuleana o ke aupuni kū'oko'a, i loko o ka RSFSR,'oiai, he'oia'i'o,'o Turkwatan.

I ka wā o kona ola'ana, ua ho'ololi nui'ia ka'āina o ka KASSR. No laila, i ka makahiki 1924-1925, ua komo nā moku o ka hema o Kāzakhstan i kēia manawa, a hiki i ka manawa o kekahi hapa o ka Repubalika Soviet Turkkanan.

Ka'Apana Kazakh

No ka mea'a'ole i koho'ia ka koho "Kirghiz-kaisaki" no ka Kazakh i loko o'Apelila 1925, ua kapa inoa hou'ia'o Kyrgyz ASSR i ka Kazakh ASSR. Ua ho'oili'ia ke kumumana'o mai'Orenburg a hiki i Kyzyl-Orda, i kapa'ia'o Ak-Mosque, a'o ka moku'o'Orenburg i ka'awale'ia mai ka'āina o ka mana aupuni a ho'ololi'ia i ka luna ho'omalu o ka RSFSR. I ka makahiki 1927, ua ho'ololi hou'ia ke kumukānāwai i kēia manawa iā Alma-Ata, kahi i ho'omau'ia ai nā kikowaena o Kazakhia a hiki i ka makahiki 1997,'o ia ho'i, he 70 makahiki.

I ka makahiki 1930, ua ho'oka'awale'ia ka Mokupuni A'e o Kalekalpak mai ka KazASSR, i ho'ololi'ia i ka RSFSR. No laila, ua ho'okumu loa'ia ka'āina o Kazakh Soviet Union i ka wā e hiki mai ana, a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, he mau hanana li'ili'i wale nō.

Ka Ho'ona'auao o Kazakh USSR

I ka makahiki 1936, ua ho'okumu'ia kekahi Kumukānāwai hou ma ka USSR, e like me kā ka Kazakh ASSR i loa'a ai ke kūlana o ka moku'āina hui. Ma kēia'ano, ua ho'oku'u'ia'o ia mai ka RSFSR, i loa'a iā ia nā kuleana like me ia, a mai ia manawa i kapa'ia'o ia'o Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. No laila ua ho'okumu'ia ka SSR Kazakh.

Ka Papa Hana ma Kazakh SSR

'O ka'oia'i'o, ua ho'oikaika nui'ia ka ho'omalu'ana i ka SSR Kazakh ma ka lima o ka Pākū Komisina o Kazakhstan, i ho'okumu'ia i ka makahiki 1937, he mea nui o ka CPSU. 'O ka mea nui o ka moku'āina ka'Āhina Nui o ka Pā'ina. 'Oiai ua koho'ia ke Presidium o ka 'Aha Kūkākūkā o Kazakhstan ma luna o ke po'o o ka repubalika. A'o ka 'Aha Kūkākūkā'o ia nō ke kānāwai. I ka makahiki 1990, ua noho luna'ia'o ia e ka luna o ka Presidium, a laila e ka luna o ka 'Aha Kūkākūkā.

Ka palena o ka Territorial o ka Kazakh SSR

He'ano ho'olālā like ka Kazakh SSR e like me ka māhele'āina o nā moku'āina'o Soviet. I ka pae holo'oko'a, 19 mau hanana i ho'okumu'ia i nā manawa like'ole. I ka hala'ana o nā makahiki he kanaono, ua hui pū kekahi mau kiko o ka SSR Kazakh i loko o nā panalā'au (Tselinniy, West Kazakhstan, South Kazakhstan), akā, me ka mālama'ana i kā lākou mau'oihana ho'omalu. Akā, aia i ka waena o 60 mau makahiki, ua ho'oholo'ia e ha'alele i kēlā māhele'āina.

Hō'ailona

E like me nā 'ano o ka lehulehu, he mau hō'ailona pono'ī ka Kazakh SSR - he hae, he pale kaua, a he mele mele no ke aupuni.

'O ka hae mua o ka repubalika he lole'ula'ula i kākau'ia'o "Kazakh SSR" ma nā'ōlelo Lūkini a me Kazakh, a me ka pahi'akihi a me ka hāmare ma ke kihi hema. 'O kēia hae e like me ke Kumukānāwai o ka Kazakh SSR i ka makahiki 1937. Akā, i ka makahiki 1953, ua ho'ololi'ia nā mea nui: ua wehe'ia ka palapala, akā ua hō'ano'ia kekahi hōkū pae'elima a me kahi'āpana polu ma ka'ao'ao ha'aha'a o ka panakā. Ma kēia'ano, ua hae ka hae o ka Kazakh SSR a hiki i ka hopena o ka repubalika mai ka Union.

A laila, i ka makahiki 1937, ua'ae'ia ka pale kaua o ka SSR Kazakh. 'A'ole e like me ka hae no ka wā o kona ola'ana,'a'ole i emi iki ka ho'ololi. Kuhikuhi'ia ma lalo nei kona ki'i.

Ua'āpono'ia ke mele o Kazakh SSR i ka makahiki 1945. Ma ka mea, i ka mele Mukan Tulebaev, Evgeniya Brusilovskogo a me Latif Hamidi i kau olelo Kayum Mukhamedkhanova, Abdilda Tazhibaeva a me Gabit Musrepov.

Ke ho'onui'ia o ka ho'olālā aupuni

Kazakh SSR i na makahiki o Soviet rula i hiki launaʻole a me ka waiwai nā hoailona, a me ka nui o ka papa hana. I kēlā manawa, ua holomua ka'oihana, kūkulu'ia o nā mea kanu a me nā hale hana, ua kūkulu'ia nā'āina'ōpiopio, ua kūkulu'ia ka cosmodrome Baikonur, a ua kūkulu hou'ia ke po'okela o ka Kazakh SSR,'o Alma-Ata. 'O kahi'oihana ikaika i ho'omohala'ia, ka mīkini hale,'oihana minamina kahu.

Akā, mai ho'opoina i ka manawa o ka nui o ka pōloli, ka ho'okomo'ia'ana o ka'ike, ka ho'opi'i'ana o ka'ikeiho ali'i, i'ike'ia e ka po'e o Kazakhstan i nā makahiki 1920 a me nā makahiki 1930.

Ka wehe 'ana i ka SSR Kazakh

'O nā hana ho'omalu democratic i ho'omaka i ka Soviet Union ma ka hapalua o nā makahiki 1980 hiki'ole ke ho'opili wale i ka SSR Kazakh, kahi e ho'onui ai nā mana'o o nā centrifugal. I ka makahiki 1986, i ke poʻo o aneea oneiaey i ka mea mua i loko o ka USSR Anati-aupuni hālāwai hoʻeuʻeu Alama-Ata. He kū'ē ia e kū'ē i ke koho'ia'ana o kekahi kanaka mai Moscow mai e like me ke Kakauolelo mua o ka'aha kūkākūkā o Kazakhstan,'a'ole i noho mua ma ka moku'āina. Ua ho'opilikia loa'ia ka ne'e'ana me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā pū'ali koa.

I ka makahiki 1989, ua lilo'o Nursultan Nazarbayev, ka luna mua o ka'aha kūkā o nā Kuhina, i kākau mua. I ka lā 24 o'Apelila i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, koho'o ka 'Aha Kūkākūkā iā ia he pelekikena I ka malama'o'Okakopa i ka makahiki 1990, ua'āpono'ia ka'Ōlelo Ho'ohanohano ma ka Moku'āina'o Kazakhstan. Ma hope o ka August coup hele Nazarbayev mai o ka poʻe kaua o ka CPSU. I ka mahina'o Dekemaba 1991, ua kūkala'ia ke kū'oko'a o ka Repubalika o Kazakhstan. No laila, ua pau ka noho'ana o ka Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.