Ke aloha nāʻakika ma kela a me keia o ko kakou mau ola kekahi

Ke aloha nāʻakika i maoli waiwai me ka ʻakika waiwai i loko o ke gula 'ano ma ka mea kanu, e like me ka lawe ana i ka palapala o ka paʻakai a me nā mea kemika - o ke aloha i huiʻia

Ma ka noa ana ia polybasic hydroxy nāʻakika loaʻa nō pinepine i loko o ka hua, o ka hui ua wehewehe aku ma loko o ka wahi mua a hiki i ka 'ē aʻe hehee wale o ka mea kanu e like me anei, na lau, a no laila, ma luna o. Inā 'oe e nānā i ka ke aloha nāʻakika, kā lākou mau papa ua mau e ulu ana, a me ka laulā, ua i paa hou mai la, i ua mau hōʻano. Ua hiki nāʻakika e like me:

- adipicʻakika,

benzoic,

-dihloruksusnaya,

-valerianovaya,

-glikolievaya,

-glutarovaya,

citric,

-maleinovaya,

-margarinovaya,

-butyric,

lactic,

-monohloruksusnaya,

-muravinaya,

propionic,

-salitsilovaya,

-triftoruksusnaya,

-fumarovaya,

acetic,

-schavelevaya,

-yablochnaya,

He nui succinic a 'ē aʻe ke aloha nāʻakika.

Pinepine, i kēia mau waiwai ke ke loaʻa i loko o ka hua a me ka berry mea kanu. No ka hua kanu nā apricots, quince, plum, i nā hua waina, cherries, ohia, citrus hua a me na ohia, e berry mea kanu i kona külana cranberries, cherries, blackberries, cranberries, gooseberries, raspberries, eleele currants. I kēia holo nōhie i tartaric, citric, salicylic, oxalic, a me ka malicʻakika. I ka hua no hoi he aloha nāʻakika, a me ka hookomo pu i ka hailona o benzoicʻakika.

I ka lā, ua aʻo nui waiwai o nāʻakika 'ana i loko o ke kahua o ka pharmacology a liluwelo' ole ma o ka kanaka kino. No kekahi laʻana:

• Mua, ke alohaʻakika - lawa ka nui eiiiiiaiou pūnao (pūnao, oia, nā polokina, i ka momona, a me nā carbohydrates);
• ka lua, e kauoha ana i ka secretory hana o ka salivary glands; he hoʻonui i kaʻakika-kumu koena;
• kolu, lawe i ka nui loa i loko o ka mahuahua ma ka bile kaawale ana, gastric a me pancreatic Piʻihonua;
• a me ka hope, ua antiseptic.

Lākouʻakika papa koa mai ka eha a pau pH waiwai (pH) a elima a me ka elima.

Eia hou kekahi, hula ke aloha nāʻakika nui i kūlana i loko o ka meaʻai hana me ka pololei kekahi hana naʻaupō vyyavitel kona mea e like ai ilihune kona mea e like me nā huahana. No ka mea hope loa mau hoʻohana 'ano o ka ion chromatography ma i ka manawa hiki ke' akomi i ole wale ke aloha nāʻakika, akā, i'okanikaʻole Ion. Me ka mea ma luna hana me ka conductometric ka loaʻaʻana muting kāʻei kua conductivity hōʻike i ka hopena o ka aneane he umi hou pololei ma mua o ka loaʻaʻana hana ma haʻahaʻa nalu-loa ultraviolet malamalama.
'Ike Profile ke aloha nāʻakika ma ka hua Piʻihonua mea,ʻaʻole wale nō e pono e hookupaa aku i ka mea e like ai o ka ka mea inu, kona acceptability no ka hoʻohana' ana, akā, i ka poʻea pau i ka wehewehena o ka hoʻopunipuni.
Inā 'oe ia' ana i ka waiwai o carboxylic nāʻakika noʻonoʻo, a laila ka mea, kuhikuhi loaʻa:

- haawi ula litmus pepa;

- hoopuni wailana i loko o ka wai;

- Ua loaʻa he huaʻaiʻana.

Nō hoʻi, i ka carboxylic nāʻakika i nui lawa uila alakaʻi mele. Ma ka ikaika o ka'opi o na mea a pau nāʻakika no a hiki i ka pae o ka nawaliwali electrolytes, koe wale no, o ka papa, formicʻakika, i ka huli i ka awelika o ka pinepine 'waiwai. Kiʻekiʻe hakakino kaumaha carboxylicʻakika e loli ai i ka ikaika a me ka palaho mea inversely hapaʻauhau pili. Me ka pau kekahi metala i hiki, e hookaawale i ka hydrogen, mai kaʻakika a me ka paʻakai, i mea nui ke kua'āina ma mua o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me nāʻakika ikaika e like me sulfuric paha hydrochloric. paʻakai i ikea ka wā olohelohe ia lakou i ka hoʻokumu paʻa oxides a me nā kumu.