Menina integral. Hana. waiwai

Pilikia a alakai ai i ka manaʻo o "kaulua integral".

1. E i lalo pāʻia i loko o kela a me keia wahi o ka i pa apŘ uaʻikeʻia i loko o ka pelane i ho'ākāka '. E Pono e loaʻa ka hailona ana i keia mooolelo. No kēia pā i akaka Ana, ka mea hiki e puni i loko o ka rectangle. hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka pa apŘ o ka una honua nei i keia: ma keia mau kumumanao o ke rectangle, i hui ole ia i ka pā, ke kuhi ana o ka pa apŘ mea Aʻohe. E hoakaka i kaʻaʻahu alaula ma ka hookahi helu o (particles). Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka hoʻoholo ma mua shape ua maheleia i kula haʻahaʻaa rectangles. E noonoo i kekahi o kēia mau rectangles. E koho i kekahi wahi o ka rectangle. Ma nānaina o ka uuku o na Ana o ka rectangle e e ea ae i ka pa apŘ ma kēlā me kēia wahi o ka rectangle mea ikaika. A laila, e e paa i ka nui o kekahi mau huinahń (particles) e like me ka multiplication o ka pa apŘ ma keia wahi i loko o ka wahi o ka rectangle. Ka wahi ua ikeia, o ka multiplication o ka rectangle ka lōʻihi ma ka laula. A ma luna o ka mea i kahi kūlike o pelane - he loli me kekahi mauʻanuʻu. A laila, i ka hū o ka mooolelo a pau, e ia i ka huina o na nā paʻi hua o kēia mau rectangles. Inā e hele ia ka lākiō i ka palena, a laila 'oe ke kiʻi i ka kiko'ī lākiō.
2. E hoakaka i kekahi māhele kino i ua kau palena ia ana e ke kumu a me kekahi papa. E Pono e loaʻa i ka buke o ka olelo mai ke kino. Like i loko o ka mua hihia, ke puunaue i ka māhele 'āina i loko o rectangles. Mākou kuhi ia ma na mea nui i hui ole ia i ke kikowaena, i ke kuleana pili i e e like me 0. E mākou noonoo i kekahi o ka huinahń wāwahi. Ma na aoao o ka rectangle huki Kekoa i mea p ÷ haku i nā koʻi lipi o abscissa a me ka ordinate. E loaa parallelepiped i ua kau palena ia ana mai lalo e pili ana i ka pelane, o ke Z axis, a ma luna o ia papa i i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka pilikia. Koho ma ka waena o ka rectangle wahi. Aie i ka nui uuku o ka rectangle hiki e ea ae ka hana i ka hana i loko o kēia rectangle i kekahi mau waiwai, alaila, e hiki e huli i ka buke o ke rectangle. A ka leo ano e e like me ka huina o nā mea a pau o ia mau rectangles. E kiʻi i ka pololei waiwai, e pono e hele ai i ka mokuna.

Like ike mai i ka hana i loko o kēlā me kēia laʻana, ke manao nei makou i kekahi mau pilikia alakai i ka noonoo ana o ka palua dala o ka ia? Ueo.

Waiwai o kaulua integrals.

Mākou oweliweli i ka pilikia. Ina i loko o ka kekahi e haapau nei i ka māhele ua haawiia mai i ka hana o nā DEBFULLNAME, a me ka poe i haawiia mai e ka ana kuleana pili i. Mai ka wahi ua kau palena ia ana, alaila, e hiki e waiho i loko o kekahi rectangle e loa iloko ona i kakauia na waiwai o ka hoʻoholo ma mua wahi wahi. Mākou e puʻunaue i ka rectangle i like na hapa. Mākou aku nei au i ke anawaena nui o ka uhaʻiʻana i ka diagonal o ka kūpono rectangles. Mākou e koho i ka palena o keia rectangle wahi. Inā e loaʻa ka waiwai ma keia wahi mea e waiho iho i ke dala, alaila, keia dala e e kapaia integral i kekahi kuleana pili i loko o ka haawi mai kikowaena. Nā palena o ia integral huina, ma lalo o nā kūlana i ke anawaena o kaʻoluʻolu o ia e 0, a me ka helu o nā rectangles - infinity. Inā i koe ia i ka palena, a aole e hilinai aku ma ke ano o ka uhai ana i ka wahi i loko o rectangles a me ke koho ana o nā hua'ōlelo, a laila ka mea, ua kapaia - he papalua integral.

Ke geometric maʻiʻo o ka papalua integral: papalua integral numerals like ka leo o ke kino, i i ua hōʻike ma Kapu 2.

Ike i ka waʻa integral (ho'ākāka 'ana), e hiki i ke kēia mau waiwai:

1. Ke a eia i hiki e ia mawaho o ka integral hoailona.
2. Ke integral puu dala (koena unuhi) mea like i ka huina (koena unuhi) o na integrals.
3. O ka mea mana, e e emi ma mua o ia, o ka waʻa integral mea emi.
4. Ke Module hiki ke i ma lalo o ka hoailona o ka waʻa integral.