Ke cathode a me ka anode - ke kuʻikahi, a me ka paio ana o ke alo o

Ke cathode a anode - na mau eiiiiiaiou o ke kaʻina hana: ke kahe ana o ka pilaʻikena. A pau i ka mea hiki ke maheleia i mau ano - na conductors, he 'ole i loko o a he nui oi o noa electrons a me dielectrics (ma a ka noa electrons i aneane).

I ka manaʻo o ka uilaʻikena

Uila au i - o ka pololei oe neʻeʻana o kaki huna waiwai i loko o ka 'ole ma lalo o ka aoao o ka electromagnetic a stress. Inā pili i ka DC anakahi uila alakaʻi mele, o ka noa electrons me ka hopena maikaʻi 'āhewa' ana e pololei oe hele i ka anode (ka ikaika papa'ūholo uila) o ka cathode (negatively kauoha'ūholo uila). Ia ke au i nolaila, e kahe ana ma ka aʻe kuhikuhi. A cathode a me ka anode - mau nā uila aʻa lolo, ma waena o ka mea i hana lihi (koena unuhi) o electromagnetic a stress.

Conductors a me insulators

Conductors a me insulators paha e paa, wai a me ka gaseous waiwai. He mea no ke kahe o ka uila papa, aole ia i mea. Hooloihi ae i noi o ka electromagnetic a anakahi uila i ka mea ma ka cathode e e hana i ka oi ana o electrons ma ka anode a - kona shortage. Inā anakahi uila ua noi lōʻihi lawa, me ka 'ole o ka mea mai i ua i ka anode, na electrons e pakele pili pu me na nā'ātoma, a me ka lako e hoʻomaka e chemically pane koke me chemically hana waiwai, mai ke kaiapuni. Kēia kaʻina ua kapaia electrolysis.

electrolysis

Ke cathode a anode ma ka electrochemistry mau auamo e pili ana i ka Saline pāʻoihana a heheʻe o ka ikaika electromagnetic a anakahi uila. I ka i oi huina'ine pono mai ka anode hoʻomaka e wāwahi ai, a laila, lakou ikaika, papa mai nā'ātoma e haule waiwai i loko o brine ( 'ia), a laila' o ia i ka cathode ma ka waiho i loko o ka maloko palapala. Kēia kaʻina ua ike like electroplating. E ho ohana i electroplating kapa komo iā ia me ka lahilahi ahu iho la ka kiniki, keleawe, ke gula, i ke kālā a me nā mea hiki ke hooheheeia, likeʻole huahana.

He aha ka ke cathode, a me ka mea mau i nā hana i hanaʻia ia electrolysis? Ua hiki ke hoomaopopo i ka wa a na kēia mau hana: ina oe e he anode i ke keleawe a me ka piuta, a laila huli mai o ka cathode huakai kaapuni papa, uhi me ka lahilahi ahu iho la ka piuta, a me ke keleawe (hoʻohana 'ia ma ka lolouila hana). Ma ke ano ki ina hana, i ke gula-waihoʻoluʻu paʻa Jewelry, keleawe-ʻaʻahuʻia Aluminum a hiki gula-waihoʻoluʻu paʻa maʻi no ka uila 'enekinia, i mea e hoʻoikaika' i ka pou conductivity.

Nā pane i nā nīnau o ka mea ka anode, a me ka cathode iloko o ka electrolysis e ahuwale: ka anode like me ka hopena o ka pele o ka pololeiʻikena ua luku ma ka brine, a me ka cathode loaa ka anode mea. Pela hoi, aole ia o ka manawa originated i loko o ka electroplating meakino - "anodizing ka cathode". Helu ano ka mea hiki ole ke paa, akā, i ka maoli i loko o ka ninau Hōʻike 'loa.

semiconductors

Semiconductors nā kumuhana i e ole i ka 'ole o ka noa electrons a'ātoma mālama i loko o ko lākou mau wahi ino. Inā i ka mea i loko o ke kinowai a gaseous moku'āina waiho i loko o kaʻume mākenēki kula, a laila, hāʻawi aku ia, e hoopaakiki iho i ko, laila huli uila mea kūkulu mea uholo uila, a e lawe i ke kala pono i loko o kekahi ao ao wale. Mai keia mea, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka luna-i hoike ia waiwai, e ka diodes. Ka mea, eia no ÿelua:

he) «pnp» conductivity;

b) ka «npn» conductivity.

Ma ka hana pono, i ka fineness o ka diode kanu'ōiwi nā mea pili 'ole. He nui no ka hoʻohui pono i ka pou huakai kaapuni diode. Auhea la ka anode, ma ka cathode - he nīnau i Puzzle he nui loa. Ke diode i ka kūikawā notation: a me A a me K, a me ka + a -. He hiki e hoʻohui i ka diode i loko o nā wale aoao i DC circuitry. I kekahi hihia, he diode maikai, e hoʻomakaʻikena, a ma ka 'ē aʻe - e ole. Nolaila, e pono e lawe i ka mea, aʻae nō hoʻi i kahi o ka cathode, a me ka anode kahi, a ua hoʻohui ia i ka diode. Inā ka mea hōʻike i ke alo o ka papa, i ka diode ua pili pono. Nolaila, o ka manaʻo a me ka cathode o ka diode cathode a me anode o ka noonoo maalea, a me ka anode o ka diode i ua kūponoʻia. I ole ia, e pono e hoʻololi i ka ai pili aku wahi.

1. Inā ka diode aʻole i kekahi pono ma nāʻaoʻao, ka mea, ua puhi, ka mea hiki ole ke hana hou ia.

2. Ina ma ka mea ku ole, Reeves, oia punched. Ua pono e kāpaeʻia.

Kulana kupono diodesʻia a me nā samplers. Ma ka diode cathode a me ka anode e rigidly pili ana i kā lākou hooko i ka mea like me ka galvanic mana kumu (iuo aaoa?, Iuo aaoa? A no laila, ma luna o. P.).

Cathode i loko o ka mea uholo uila hehee (diodes) mea he uila kaapuni'ūholo uila (wāwae), mai a ka maikaʻi (+) Loaʻaʻia. Ma kaapuni ka mea, ua pili i ka hopena maikaʻi mana lako hou Loaʻaʻia i. Nolaila, i ka pono ma ka mea uholo uila diode pono kahe ana i loko o ke ala e hiki aku, mai ka anode a hiki i ka cathode. Ma pou i puhi ai i ke kō symbolically a me ka hōʻike.

Inā kekahi wāwae o ka diode ('ūholo uila) i pili i ka alternating anakahi uila, i ka lua o ka'ūholo uila, ua loaa i ka maikaʻi a me ka io hapa-sine lāʻau ikiʻai wale. Inā e hoʻohui mau diodes i loko o ka uwapo, mākou e mālama i ka rectified uila he mea kūpono kou ikaika.

Galvanic kumu DC - o na pu ki (o na pu ki)

Ke cathode a anode i loko o kēia mau huahana nń ke kaumaha ma muli o ka olelo o ka uila papa, no ka mea, i loko o ka mea i kekahi manawa no ia anakahi uila hiki mai, a me ka mea, ia lakou iho no i Nine Inch reactions nā kumu o DC. ʻaneʻi ma laila e e he hopena maikaʻi'ūholo uila papa a me ka maikaʻi - cathode. Ma kekahi hihia, i loko o ka accumulator ia lŘlŘʻike mau electrolysis kaʻina.

A i ka mea o na pu ki ua hookuu, a me ka Nine Inch naoh, i mālama ai i ke kumu o ka uilaʻikena papani iho la i, ka mea pono e recharged ma kekahi mawaho mana kumu. Pela, ua e paneʻe i ke kaʻina hana o ka electrolysis, oa hoihoi i ka mua waiwai o ka galvanic o na pu ki. Ka o na pu ki cathode pono e hoopili mai i ka io ka uku ole, a me ka anode - mea 'oluʻolu, alaila, na na pu ki aloha e e recharged.

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka pane ana i ka ninau o ke pehea e hoakaka i ka cathode a me ka anode i loko o ka galvanic halepaahao, hilinaʻi nui ma ka ke kūʻai aku paha ia mea i ka kumu o ka uilaʻikena lako hou.

ka hopena

E like me ka summation o ka keia, he cathode - o ka'ūholo uila ma luna a ma laila mea i koe o electrons, a me ka anode - o ka'ūholo uila ma a aia no he shortage o electrons. Akā, eia kekahi paha hua ma luna o ka mau'ūholo uila hehee ai circuitry ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka olelo o kaʻikena pele.