Laholio, a inelastic koi, i ka manaʻo o ka elasticity

Koi - keia mea i ke dala o ka waiwai a me ka lawelawe i nā kānaka kūʻai mai i makemake e kuai i kaʻikena kumukūʻai ma manawa. Ma waena o ke koi no ka huakūʻai a me kona kumukuai he mea na kēia pilina: ka mea kiekie oia ka uku, ka poʻeʻuʻuku i ka helu ana i nā mea kūʻai mai i kona makemake ana e kuai ia - a Hope versa. Ua kaukaʻi ua kapaia ke "kanawai o koi".

Eia naʻe, economists a me nā kānaka kālailai mea e lawa pono e wńnana i ka hopena ma luna o ka nui koi loli i kaʻikena kumukūʻai. Great nui o ka degere o ke akea. Ke koa a me i ka loli ma ka koi, ke kaumaha ma muli likeʻole aʻe, ua kapaʻia ka "elasticity o koi". Kekahi mau okoa ano o ia elasticity: kumu kūʻai, kea, a me ka loaa elasticity. Kēlā me kēiaʻano o nā hiʻona.

Price elasticity e hōʻike mai ana i ke koi loli aʻe ke kaumaha ma muli kumukuai fluctuations, a ua kaheaia ma ka hua'ōlelo o ke kaʻi lau waiwai o ka elasticity :

Ed = (ΔQ / Q): (ΔP / P), kahi

ΔQ / Q - hoʻololi i ka nui o ke kuai ka waiwai,

ΔP / P - i ka loli i loko o ka waiwai o kēia huahana.

No hoi ana i ka elasticity o ke koi he pōpilikia like me ka pakeneka o ka:

Ed =% Q /% P, kahi

% Q - pakeneka māhuahua a emi ma ka koi,

% P - pakeneka māhuahua a emi holo 'awelika.

Kēia lākiō e hōʻike mai ana i ka hoʻololi 'ana i ke koi, ina e hoomahuahua i ke kumukuai o ka waiwai a me ke emi ma ka 1%.

Keʻa elasticity, ma ka huli, characterizes ka nui o ke kaukaʻi o ke koi no ka huina hoonui mua, ke kaumaha ma muli o nā fluctuations i loko o ka waiwai o kekahi. Ke haʻilula o keia anakahi mea like penei:

Eab = (ΔQa / Qa): (ΔPb / PB), kahi

ΔQa / Qa - loli i ke koi no ka huina hoonui mua, a,%;

ΔPb / PB - kumukuai loli ana o ka lua o ka huina hoonui e,%.

Ka uku o elasticity i 'ano like me ka elasticity o ka uku, akā, me he ololi i alakaʻi ai i ka nui o ke koi, ka manawa o ka loaa waiwai.

Ei = (ΔQ / Q): (ΔI / au), kahi

ΔQ / Q - loli ma ka helu o ka waiwai i kuai ai,

ΔI / I - i ka pili loli i loko o ka nui o ka makahiki.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka loaa ana kaʻi lau waiwai o ka elasticity ua kaʻawale hahai hoailona ia mea:

1. Ed = 0.

Ma keia hihia, ua loa inelastic koi. 'Aʻohe kaʻi lau waiwai waiwai o ia hoʻi, ua kuai fluctuations mai i pili i ke dala o ke kuai waiwai. E like me ka rula, he mea nui lapaʻauʻia, e like me insulina.

2. Ed <1.

Inā ka waiwai o loko o ka laulā mai 0 a hiki i 1, ka mea, 'o ia hoʻi inelastic koi. Nolaila, ke kumukuai mea ulu e e lewa i loko o nawaliwali kuai. Inā ka hui hoʻoholo e emi i ka palena pau ma luna o huahana me inelastic koi, kahi o ka manao mahuahua i kuai ia e loaa iki nei hoole mai oia. An kumu o nā huahana me inelastic koi, i ka ai a me ka nui muli o ka ho'āʻo.

3. Ed = 1.

A hiki i ka pa alima elasticity o ke kumukuai loli eʻaʻole pili i ka nui o ka loaa. Ia mea i loko o keia hihia i ka i kā mākou nui. Lakou i mea hoike o ke koi no kaʻano o kekahi kaʻao ka lawelawe, i mālama i ka ĸokoĸa ana nä pane like me ka fluctuating Aloha.

4. Ed> 1.

Laholio koi, i hilinaʻi nuiʻano nui ma luna o ke kumu keia i kuai fluctuations. Onipaa no e kuai ia huahana, ka mea, ua waiho e emi lakou i ke kala o ko lākou mau huahana, no ka mea, e hoʻonui i ka uku, mai ka kuai ana.

5. Ed = ∞.

Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ke koi no keia huahana ua wehewehe aku ma ka loa kohoʻia. Me ka pilina paʻa kumukūʻai mea he papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika loli i loko o ke koi no kēia huahana. An kumu o ia huahana hiki ke malama i luxuries.

Ma laholio a inelastic koi ua 'ole e likeʻole aʻe. Ka loa nui poʻe e like penei:

• ka helu o nā pani ai no keia huahana. Inā ka huina hoonui i ka puu o ka maikai ae pani ai, a me ka elasticity e e kiʻekiʻe;

• ke kaʻana like 'ana o kēia huahana i loko o ka mea kūʻai mai o ka makahiki. Kaukaʻi mea pololei hapaʻauhau: ka mea kiekie oia ka mea like, o ka mea kiekie oia ka elasticity;

• nui no ka huina hoonui i ka consumer - ina o ka waiwai a me ka hana maʻamau o ka waiwai o ka maʻamau o huahana. O ka holo ana, i ke koi no ka hana maʻamau waiwai mea oi laholio;

• ka manawa ololi. Ka mea kūʻai mai, he nui manawa, ka mea kiekie oia ka elasticity.