Life a me ka Hana Hou o Turgenev. Nā hana o Turgenev

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev i hānau i loko o ke aliʻi ohana i ka 1818. Ua pono e olelo mai ia, mai keia kaiapuni, kokoke pau loa ka nui Lūkini mea kākau o ka 19th kenekulia. Ma kēia 'atikala e nānā mākou i ke ola a me ka hana ana o Turgenev.

makua

Nō hoʻi na hoalauna mākua Ivan. I ka 1815 i hiki ai Spassky ma ka opiopio, a maikai Guardsman Sergei Turgenev. Varvara Petrovna (o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka makuahine),ʻo ia i ka ikaika manaʻo. E like me ia i kokoke i ke kaiapuni wā, Barbara hai mai iaʻu, e hele ana oukou ma ka hoa Sergei, i aku la ia i ka hoʻohana kaumaha, a ua hooholo koke ae aku. No ka mea hapanui loa ia i ka mare ana o ka pono. Turgenev no i ke ano hanohano, a me ka ua i ka meʻe kaua, a me Varvara Petrovna i he nui ka pomaikai.

Aina ma ka ohana Puhi iho hoʻokumu i ke kanana nei. Sergei i ole hiki ho'āʻo e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana me ka mō'ī wahine i loko o nā mea a pau kā lākou Hawaii. O ka hale i ka nui mokuāhana, a māhunehune laua ke hoopaa mai i ka manao lokahi ae hookaawale. Ka mea wale nō meaʻae noho male - i loko o ka ho'āʻo pono, e haawi aku i kā lākou mau keiki i ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi. A ma keia mea, i hookoe ole ke kākoʻo 'ana a me ke kala.

Neʻe maila i Moscow

Ia mea ke kumu o kaʻohana neʻe i Moscow i ka makahiki 1927. Oiai waiwai kaukaualiʻi hoouna aku kā lākou mau keiki wale nō i loko o nā kula. I Ua hoʻouna opiopio Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev i ke kula ma ka Armenian Institute, a he mau mahina ma hope neʻe i Veydengammersky papa. Mau makahiki ma hopeʻo ia i kipaku ia mai laila aku, a me na makua e ole i i hou ho'āʻo i ka hoʻoponopono ai i ke keiki i loko o kekahi kula. E hoomakaukau ana no ka kulanui, ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo Hoomau iho la lakou ma ka hale me nā kumu.

Learning

A komo i ke Kulanui o Moscow, Ivan aʻo malaila, no ka makahiki. I ka 1834, ua hoʻoneʻe me kona kaikaina, a me ka makuakane no St. Petersburg, a laila 'o ia i ka kūloko kula. Ka mea opiopio Turgenev puka 'o ia mau makahiki ma hope. Akā, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ia mea mau oi paha, e hōʻike i ke Kulanui o Moscow, e haawi ana ia ia i ka nui koho. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka St. Petersburg Institute i ikeia no kona stringent hooponopono ana o na haumana ma ke aupuni. Ma Moscow, mea,ʻaʻohe mea mana, a me ka noho kauwa ole ana-puni haumāna he nui loa maona.

Ka mua hana

Mākou ke olelo aku i ka hana o Turgenev, hoomaka ae la me ka kulanui lā. 'Oiai, i ole makemake i ka Ivan Sergeyevich e manaʻo e pili ana i ka palapala, ai' ike maopopo ana o ka manawa. aole ia i manao i ka 40s ka hoʻomaka o kona 'oihana ke kākau' ana. Nolaila, ka hapanui o kona kālaiʻike hana pono no mākou, a aole hoi i loaa i ka striker. Inā ua kuhi ua Turgenev koi ka artist, āna i hana ai i ka mea pono: ka loaʻa Eia kekahi laʻana o kana mau hana o ia manawa no i ka waeʻano o ka palapala, ai 'apprenticeship. Ka ukupanee ka mea, i e wale no ka moʻolelo o ka moʻokalaleo a me ka poe i makemake e maopopo pehea e hoʻomaka hana o Turgenev, a pehea e 'ano o kona palapala, ai' tālena.

hoʻohihi maoli me ka kālaiʻike

I ka hapalua like a me ka hopena o 30s, Ivan Sergeyevich kakau iho la i kekahi puu, e hone palapala mākau. Ma kekahi o kana mau hana, ua loaa i ka pilikia loiloi o Belinsky. Kēia hanana i ka ole nui ma luna o ka hana o Turgenev, komo i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o kēia' atikala. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua i pono ua nui manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni? Ee hewa inexperienced ono "'ōmaʻomaʻo" kākau moʻolelo. Ivan Sergeyevich hoʻololi i kona mau manao,ʻaʻole wale nō ma ke akamai, akā, ma luna o ke ola iho. Ma kilo Ka Ikepili a, ua hoʻoholo e noiʻi i ike maopopo i loko o nā mea a pau kona guises. No laila, ma ka hou ana i ka palapala, e hahai, Turgenev lilo hoihoi i loko o kālaiʻike, make ka nui o seriously i ka manaʻo o ka professorship i loko o ka 'Oihana o kekahi kulanui. Ka makemake e huki i kēia kahua o ka ike ua alakai aku la ia i ke kolu ma ka kulanui no - Pelelina. Me ka lōʻihiʻanuʻu, noho iho la malaila no e pili ana i nā makahiki ia a me ka ua nui loa? Anoee na hana o Hegel a me Feuerbach.

Ka mua pomaikai

I 1838-1842 makahiki o kaʻike hoʻokumu Turgenev i ole okoʻIno haʻawina. He palapala iho uuku, a me ka hapanui pono Lyrics. ,ʻo ole ia i paʻiʻia poem i kekahi noonoo ana o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me heluhelu. Ma keia manao, Ivan Sergeyevich hoʻoholo ihola e kali hou manawa ma na Huli i me hana keaka a me ka poem. Ka mua i ka pomaikai ma keia kahua i hele mai i ona lā i loko o April 1843, i kona wa i paʻi "Puhi iho-haule hau." A mahina hope ma "Notes o ka Fatherland" no kona laudatory nāʻana Belinsky i pai ia.

I mea, keia poem mea i mua. Kupaianaha ka mea, ua wale mililani aku i ka hoʻomanaʻo aʻela nō Belinsky. A i loko o ka hapanui o hōʻike manaʻo i aku nei au ia mea,ʻaʻole no ka nui loa e pili ana i ka poem, e like me ka tālena o Turgenev. Akā, Belinsky ua pololei,ʻo ia eʻike i ka mea opiopio mea kākau poʻokela palapala mākau.

A hiki aku la oia i heluhelu i ka loiloi Ivan Sergeyevich, ia, kena ae la ia ia i ka olioli, aka, i ke hilahila. Kēia ka ukuia i ka mea pohihihi e pili ana i ka pono o ke koho ana o ko lakou mau oihana. Ka mea, assailed i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, mai ke kakahiaka nui 40s. Akā, 'atikala reassured ia ia, a hoʻoikaika e hoala mai i ka hookolokolo no kā lākou mau hana. Mai laila, i ka hana o Turgenev, pokole i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka polokalamu kula, loaa ka hou stimulus, a pii aku la i ka puu. Ivan Sergeyevich ma kona kuleana i ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, heluhelu, a, ma luna o nā mea a pau, iho. No lailaʻo ia i hana paakiki i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka palapala mākau.

hopu

I ka 1852 Gogol make. Kēia hanana nui loli i ke ola a me ka hana ana o Turgenev. A ka mea, ke ole ia ma o ka 'ehaʻeha o inā pilikia ka haumāna. Ivan S. kākau ihola ma luna o ka mea o ka "wela" 'atikala. Petersburg Censorship Komite banned ia, kahea Gogol ka "lackey" kākau moʻolelo. A laila, Ivan S. like ka 'atikala ma Moscow, ma ka hoʻoikaikaʻana o kona mau hoa ia i pai ia. Koke i kauoha mai ai i ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana, ma i hai aku Turgenev, a me kona mau hoa, e'Āhewa no ka moku'āina o turmoil. Ivan Sergeyevich loaa mahina o ka paa, i ukali ia e deportation i kona'āina ma lalo o hooponopono. Ka mea i ike i ka 'atikala i ka pretext wale nō, akā, i ka mea i hele mai, mai ka luna. Ma ke ala, i "kona hookuu," ka mea kākau moʻolelo i hele ai i loko o ka holo au i kekahi o kona maikaʻi moʻolelo. He hoʻonani i ka palapala ma o ka uhi ana o kēlā me kēia puke, "Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev" Bezhin Meadow. "

Ma hope o liberation, ka mea kākau moʻolelo komo aku i loko o ke pioʻana i loko o ka kauhale o Spassky. Aia oia i kana a kokoke hapa o ka makahiki. Ma mua, ka mea e hiki ke hooili aku ia ia: aole hoi holoholona, aole hoiʻike hoʻokumu. He palapala iho loa uuku. I ia mau lā palapala Ivan Sergeyevich nui hoopii o ka loneliness a me ka noi ana no ka manawa pōkole wale nō, e hele mai, e kipa mai ia ia. He noi na hoahanau ma ka hana e ike ia ia, no ka mea aʻu i manao he ikaika pono e manawalea. Akā, he poe kanaka maikaʻi, ao ke ano. E like me ka chronological papaʻaina o keʻike hoʻokumu Turgenev, ka mea, ua i ia manawa i ka mea kākau moʻolelo hāpai aʻela ka manaʻo o ke kākau 'ana "Man a Sons." E ka kamailio e pili ana i keia masterpiece hana.

"Man a Sons"

Ma hope o ka puke ma ka 1862, i kēia puke, kena ae la i kekahi kūlana paio hahana maoli hoopaapaa ma i loa heluhelu Pani 'ōlelo' Turgenev reactionary. Kēia hakakā ka weliweli mea kākau. He manaoio aku i ka mea, ua i hou hiki ke huli ae hoomaopopo me ka opiopio heluhelu. A ma ka mea ka mea i kakau i ka huina hoonui. I mau, me ka paakiki manawa ua hoano eʻike hoʻokumu Turgenev. "Man a Sons" he i ka hihia. Like i loko o ka kakahiaka palapala kūlana hana, Ivan Sergeyevich kanalua ana i kona mau oihana.

Iloko o keia manawa palapala iho la oia i ka puke "Hemolele", a wahi aku me ka hoolilo aku hoi i kona mau manao a me nā mea pohihihi. Turgenev ua kūkākūkāʻia i ka palapala, ai 'manaʻo mea powerless mua o nā mea huna ike paka i kanaka ka o. A i loko o ka moʻolelo "Iwi" i mau ninau i kaʻai a pau o ka ha awina o ke kanaka no ka pomaikai o ke kaiāulu. Ka manaʻo ua i mai o Ivan Sergeyevich hou mālama e pili ana i ka pomaikai o ka lehulehu, a oia Ka e pili ana i ka hope o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka 'oihana ka noʻonoʻo' ole. Hoʻololi i kou manao Turgenev kōkua mai i ka hana o Pushkin. Ivan Sergeyevich heluhelu i nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē o ka nui haku mele ka manao e pili ana i ka lehulehu: "HeʻAʻole ikaika, he nui-kapakahi, a mea paha i ano kū i ke au. Akā, me ka oiaio haku mele ua mau olelo ana i kou hoolohe, haawiia mai no ia ma ka hopena. Kana hana - e ho'āla maikai manaʻo i loko o ia ".

ka hopena

Ua hookolokoloia mākou i ke ola a me ka hana Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva. Mai ia manawa, Rusia i loli dramatically. A pau i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i hōʻike kana mau hana i loko o ka foreground, waiho i loko o ka mamao i hala. Aia mea hou i ka hapanui o ka Manor aina i loaʻa ia ma kaʻaoʻao o ka mea kākau o ka hana. A me ka theme like ana o na konohiki i ka hewa, a me ka hanohano hou i ka nohona exigencies. A me ka Lūkini kauhale ka manawa pau okoa.

Aka hoi, i ka hopena o na koa o ia manawa hoʻomau i ka naita i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia mea heluhelu i maoli hoihoi. Ua huli mai i nā mea a pau i ka inaina Ivan Sergeyevich, a me ka huwa ia iā mākou. A me ka mea aʻu i ike aku ia ia he maikai ia mea ia, a mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii. O ka holo ana, ua hiki ole ka manao me ka mea kākau moʻolelo, akā, kakaʻikahi e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana me ka mea i ka hana o Turgenev mea mai o ka manawa.