Mongolian Horse: hō'ike a me nā'ano

'O ka hanauna o nā lio Mongolian ka hānau mua. 'O ka ho'oulu'ana i nā keiki i kēia po'e i ulu nui'ia i ka XII makahiki -'o ka manawa o ka ho'ohui'ia'ana o nā'ohana o Mongolia. 'O ka pū'ali koa ka laina nui o ka pū'ali koa o Genghis Khan a me kona mau hope. 'O ka ma'amau pa'akikī, ke'ano o ka nohona a me ka waiwai waiwai, ka mālama'ana i nā lio no nā kenekulia he nui - ua lilo kēia mau mea i ka ola o nā mea ikaika loa, a he ki'eki'e o ka ho'olālā a me ka ikaika o ke ola.

Nā'ano o ke'ano

'O ka mea nui i loa'a i ka lio Mongolian ka hiki ke hō'ili'ili a ho'onui i ka momona. Eia hou, hiki ke ho'opiha'ia i kahi wai li'ili'i i ke kauwela, a i ka ho'oilo i uhi'ia me kahi lauoho lō'ihi me kahi ulu lalo. Me kahi lō'ihi o ke ola,'a'ole i ho'ololi iki'ia ka pua. Ma ke'ano o ka huahana, e pili ana ka lio Mongol i nā kumuhana no ka ho'ohana'ana ma lalo o ka noho lio, ka noho lio a me ke kā'ei. Naʻe, ka mea hiki ke hana i ka hana me ka ole kiʻekiʻe loa haawe ana a me ka traction, e like me ka mea i he uuku ke kino o Iesu , a ola kaupaona.

'O ka Mongolian

'O ka'ilikai i Mongolia he māmā nui loa ia, he ikaika, he makani nui. 'O ke anuanu loa i ka'ākau, me ka pi'i'ana o ka pāmahana nui (hiki i 80 °). Ho'opili'ia ke kau wela malo'o e kahi lō'ihi lō'ihi (ma'amau 40 ° lalo). 'O ka mea e hiki ai i ka blizzard ke ho'onā i kekahi mau lā, a ke kauwela, ke kūkulu hema, ke kūkulu hema a me ka makani wela. He mea ma'amau ka wehewehe. 'A'ole lō'ihi lō'ihi'o Snow.

Ua piha ka'ākau o ka'āina i nā mea kanu. Ma nā kuahiwi o ke kuahiwi e ulu ana i nā'ōpu'u - palolo, ostrich, Timoteo, nā'ula'ula, wheatgrass; Ma nā awāwa, ma ka'ao'ao'ākau o nā mauna, ma nā māla'ōpiopio, nui nā mau'u momona:'o ka saber, ka saxifrage, ka hama ...'O ka steppe flora ka lanakila ma waenakonu o ka moku'āina. 'A'ohe kūpono nā hua kanu Desert no kahi pua e like me ka lio Mongolian. Hō'ike nā ki'i'onihi i nā'ike o waho o ka hale a me ke kaiapuni, i'ike'ia i loko o waho.

Ka hopena o ke aniau ma ka pōhaku

'O ka mālama a me ka hapalua o nā lio i Mongolia, ua hō'eu'eu ko lākou koho'ana i nā ho'ā'o e ho'onui i ka'ano. Ke ho'omau nei ia i ka maika'i a me ka li'ili'i i ka nui. Ua mālama'ia'o Tabunnaya Mongolian e ho'omaika'i hou'ia me ke kōkua'ana o nā lio i hopu'ia o nā lāhui Mongolian, e like paha, mai Central Asia. 'A'ole i hiki i nā lio kahiko a me nā ululā'au ke ho'ololi i ka ola i loko o nā pū'ā holoholona i loko o ka'ino ko'iko'i.

Eia na'e,'oi aku ka nui o nā pua nūnū ma Mongolia (Kirghizia, Kazakhstan) a me ka'ākau (ka'ohana Minusinsk) ma mua o ka Mongolian. 'O ka mea nui,'o ke kumu he pae'oihana ki'eki'e'oi a'e o ka hānau lio a me ka ho'onanea o ka ho'omehana. Ua like ke'ano i nā'ao'ao e pili ana i Mongolia - ka moku'o Chita, ka Buryat-Mongolian, a me ka Altai ... He mau kino nui ma nā wahi o kēia mau wahi, a hiki ke wehewehe wale'ia e nā'ano ko'iko'i o ka ho'opa'a'ana i nā mea hope loa.

Nā'ano, i loa'a ka lio Mongolian. 'O ka wehewehe'ana o ka ex-terrier

'O kekahi mau māhele o Mongolia kahi'ē a'e i ke'ano o ke aniau, ka ho'olālā a me nā kumu no ka ho'opili'ana. Ua pili kēia i nā'ano'ano: ma ke komohana nui lākou, a ma ka hema - nā mea li'ili'i. 'O nā mea ha'aha'a he ki'eki'e i ka malo'o'ana mai ka 123 cm a hiki i ka 125 knm. Ua'ai'ia lākou i loko o ka'āpana hema o Mongolia. Ho'ohālikelike'ia nā'ano papahana o ke kumukānāwai o nā lio Mongolian i ka'āpana'ōpili,'āpana kala, nā papa nui o ka momona momona a me ka momona o ka hulu hipa. Mālama kēia i nā holoholona e pale i ke kino mai ka ho'onā'ana i ka wela. 'O ka hiki ke mālama i nā waihona momona i kūkulu'ia i loko o ke kino kino mālama mālama, pono e mālama i ke ola i nā manawa kūpono.

Nā hi'ohi'ona'ano

'O ke kumukānāwai a me waho o nā lio Mongolian penei:

• Heale, po'o po'o.
• Nā maka li'ili'i.
• 'Ole'a,'ā'ī pōkole me nā hua li'ili'i.
• Ka nui a me ka hohonu.
• Hiki'āpono.
• 'O ka croup kiko.
• Kū pololei, pōkole.
• He pōkole nā lālā (hiki i kahi o ka pahu ma kahi'ē).

E like me ka hoopii, o ka lio Mongolianʻaʻole i kikokiko ai. 'O ka lahilahi o ke oho hina, ke koko, ka pa'akai, ka'ula'ula, ke kai, ka kaurai, kahi kīnā, savrasaya, ka pipi nui. Ua'ike'ia nā ko'i ma Mongolia e ko lākou mau lō'ihi (20-24 mau makahiki) a me ka hope o ka hānau'ana (ua ho'opau'ia ka ho'olālā i nā makahiki 6).

Ho'omaha

'O nā mea noi'i e like me Przhevalsky, Kozlov a me nā mea'ē a'e he mea i hō'ike i ka ho'omanawanui maika'i i ka hanauna Mongolian o nā lio, a me kāna hānai'ai'ole a mālama. Hiki i ka lio noho ke hele me ka holo a hiki i 80 km i ka lā, a me ka holo ho'okahi lā - a hiki i 120 km. Ho'ohana'ia nā'auwa'a nui no ka holo lio, ke kī'aha'elua, nā ho'okūkū hā'upu ākea o ka'āina, ka lawe'ana i nā pa'i, ka hānai'ana i nā bipi, nā kao, nā hipa, a me nā holoholona'ē a'e o ka mahi'ai. He nui loa kā lākou hana i ka noho'ana o nā Mongols i'oi aku ka nui o nā lio no kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hiki i nā māmā Mongolian ke hō'ili'ili i nā mea u'i no ka loa'a'ana i nā'ano hou, akā,'a'ole hiki ke ho'onani i kēia mau kumu no nā hopena o nā huahana kūikawā.

'Oihana

'O ke kūkulu'ana o ka'enehana ua ho'okumu i nā'ano no nā hana hou i ke kahua o ka hānau'ana o ka lio. 'O nā māla he nui i ka nahelehele no ka ho'oilo, no ka kūkulu'ana i nā hale ma'alahi no kahi malu i ka'ino'ino, hana i ka koho koho, ho'ā'o i ka holo'ana o nā lio o ka lio me nā lio Don, nā lio kaumaha a me nā'ano lio'ano'ē a'e. Ke holo nei ka hana ma ka pale'ana i nā ma'i like'ole e hiki ai ke hō'eha nui i ka ho'okele waiwai o ka moku a me ka ho'oulu lio. I ka mahi'ai, ho'ohana'ia nā lio no ka hana'ana i ka'i'o a me ka waiū.

Ka hānau'ana

I kēia lā, hānai'ia ka lio Mongolina i ka mea'ai i loko o ka pipi. 'O kona kumukānāwai, kino, a me nā'ano'ano'ē a'e,'o ia ka mea i ho'okumu'ia ma lalo o ka hopena o ke aniau, ka ho'omaha, nā hi'ohi'ona o ka'ike, ka hānai, kahi hānai a me ka ho'ohana 'O ka'āpana'āina o Mongolia he paepae ia, i ho'opuni'ia e nā pae mauna. Ho'onui'ia ka'āina ma luna o ka'ilikai a hiki i 1300 mika. Aia ka'āpana'ākau i ka'āina mauna-taiga a ua pani'ia e ka ululā'au-ākau i ke kikowaena, e hele ana i ka hema i kahi kuhi laulā. 'O kēia wahi o Mongolia kahi piha i ka hapalua a me nā wahi i ha'alele wale'ia.

I ka ho'oilo, ua mālama'ia nā kau ma nā wahi i pale nui'ia mai ka makani me ka mau'u, a ua make wai nā lio i ka hau. I ke kauwela, ho'one'e'ia nā lio i kahi āpau i kahi wai (nā muliwai, nā loko, nā kī). Maanei ua ho'iho'i'ia nā kaumaha o nā lio Mongolian. Akā ua pilikia lākou i nā pōpilikia he nui:'o ka wela ikaika loa, nā makani wela me nā ao o ka lepo, ka nele o ka wai, ka ho'ouka'ana i nā nahu a me nā nū. I ka wā ma'amau, hā'ule ka mahana o ka ea, no laila, ho'onui'ia nā momona i nā lio, e ho'omākaukau ana no ka ho'oilo nui.

'O ka helu o nā holoholona'ōpio a me ka lō'ihi o nā lio

'O ka makahiki mua a me ka lua o ka pipi he mea pa'akikī loa, nele ka'ai. I loko o'elua mau mahina o ke kauwela, ua luhi'ia ka mare no ka waiū. I loko o kēia wā, ho'onui nā'ōpiopio i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma luna o ka lepa. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke inu i ka waiū o ka makuahine i ka pō. Hiki nō i ka pō ke hele i nā pipi'ohi. Ke hele nei lākou i kahi e hānai ai i nā mea'ai, kahi e pili ana i ka ulu a me ka ulu'ana.

He mau lō'ihi nā lio o nā Mongolian. He nui ka hapanui o lākou e ho'omau ana no ka'oi aku o nā makahiki he 18. I kekahi manawa ua kū'ai nā kāpena i nā lio kahiko i kākau'ia ma o ka makahiki mai ka pū'ali koa (20-22 mau makahiki), a he hana lō'ihi loa ia no lākou.

Nā'ano o ka lole

Ua mālama nui nā haku o ka mea kaua i kāna mea ho'onani. 'O ka ho'olālā, kahi'oi aku o ka bridle Mongolian no ka lio, e hiki iā'oe ke huki i kahi pōpilikia me ka wehe'ole. Ho'opili'ia'o Bridle i nā kaula pale pale. 'O lākou, e like me ke'ano, he'ōpiopio i ho'opili'ia i kahi ho'opunipuni, a ua ho'opa'a'ia i kahi lō'ihi. Ho'omau mau ia i loko o nā lima a ho'ohana pinepine'ia e like me ka hahau. No ka lā ho'omaha, ho'okipa maika'i'ia ka noho lio a me ka noho.

Ho'okumu'ia nā kāmele ma ke'ano o ka moku. 'O ka papa'aina lā'au he'elua mau pōkole loa loa a me ka laulā nui, trapezoidal bow, a'oi a'e ke ki'eki'e o ka'ao'ao mua ma mua o ka kua, a ua hana'ia ke kā'ei i nā papa ma ka'ao'ao. 'O ka ho'onohonoho'ana i ka noho, ka makahiki o ka mea holo a me kāna kāne kāne, e mālama pono'ia. 'O ka noho lio i kēlā me kēia lā, a me ka mea ho'onani, nā mea a pau i ho'onani'ia me ke kālā, a me ke kaulawaha. Ho'onani'ia nā mea ho'onani i ka lā ho'omaha no ka hahai'ana a me ke kahakaha'ana. E Cheprak, ua ho'onani'ia ka'ōmole me ka mea ulana a me ka ulana. He ula'ula,'ele'ele, brownish, melemele a me nā hulu'ele'ele.

E ho'ohana

'O Mongol kahi lio'ole, me ka kaua'ole a me nā wāwae. Pono nā'ohana a pau - inā'a'ole no ka ne'e'ana, hana, a laila no ka waiū. 'O kāna kumu: ka pū'ali koa, oznaya, ka holo, kahi e ho'ohana'ia ai kahi noho Mongolina kūikawā. Akā, he koikoi nui ka ho'okele, me ka ho'onāukiuki'ana i kā lākou ho'ohana'ana i nā hana me ka mākaukau ko'iko'i nui - he'ano ulu iki kēia. 'O ka manawa ho'okahi,'a'ole e'ae'ia ka lio Mongolian i kahi anuanu me ka'ōlelo hō'uku, a he mea pa'akikī ka ho'ohana nui'ana iā lākou ma nā wahi'ē a'e.

Ma muli o kona wikiwiki, nā hana huahua, nā lelo ma'alahi, nā'ano maika'i i ka'au'au, holo pololei nā lio Mongolian i ke one, hiki ke pi'i i nā pu'u, e iho i lalo. Hiki iā'oe ke hālāwai i kahi lio holo lio, i'oi nui ka waiwai i waena o ka po'e.

He mea mahalo loa i ka ho'okele lio. I waena o lākou,'o ka mea ma'amau ka lō'ihi (25 km). 'O ka mīkini kaulike ma lalo o kahi māmā kukui 25 km e pili ana i ho'okahi kanahākūmālua minuke. 'O nā lio maika'i i ho'ohana'ia mai ka Undurhan mai. Mai ia mau mea i lawe'ia aku ai lākou i nā moku like'ole o Mongolia a lawe'ia aku i Kina. Aia ma Ulan Bator kekahi huaka'i holo kahi e hana ai nā lio. 'O ka'oia'i'o,'o ka pōhaku e waiwai'ia e ka pōhaku, ke kumukānāwai a me waho. 'A'ole nā lio a pau ka wikiwiki i ka lio wale nō. Hā'awi'ia nā'ano maika'i no ka holo'ana ma ka hele'ana, ke lawe lākou i kahi lio wahine i kahi'āina a me kahi lio pā'ani'ia o kekahi'ano'ē a'e. I ka manawa'a'ole kahi pilikanaka, ua nui nā kikowaena o Mongolia no nā'ōpiopio.

Eia kekahi la'ana, nā pōhaku: borzigon, galshar, bayantsagaan. Ma hope o ka ho'opili'ana o nā holoholona ma nā'ōpiopio o nā lio,'a'ole loa he nīnau. Akā, mahalo i ka sensible hookokoke pastoralists, ka mea, ua kauoha aku e hoopaa i kekahi hapa o breeds racehorses.

Hō'ike ka loli i kona'ike i Mongolia. I kēia lā, pi'i nui'ole ka po'e ma'amau i ka holo'ana. No laila, ua wehe nā lio i ko lākou mau'ano pono. 'Oiai ka lio ka ha'aheo o ka Mongol, nā ka'a a me nā ka'a ka'a e hele mai e pani iā lākou ...