Morphine - He aha ka keia? Morphine i ka maʻi 'aʻai. Morphine - ka analgesic

Morphine - He aha ka keia? I ka pane i ka nīnau, oe e aʻo ma lalo nei. Eia hou, e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i mea kēia lāʻau 'ua hoʻohana' ia e like me ka mea ua hoʻohana 'ia, a pēlā aku nō.

Morphine - He aha ka keia?

Ma maemae palapala "Morphine" hoʻomanaʻo mea he keʻokeʻo mea pōaka ka pauka. Ma ke ala, "Morphine" - kona kahiko inoa. It E ke kaulana i ua loko o ka inoa o ka mea waiwai, mai ka inoa o ka Helene akua Morpheus, ka mea nana i kauoha mai ai nā moeʻuhane. Morphine - he ka lapaʻauʻia ia mea he alkaloid o ka opiuma. Ua ua i mai ka maloo SAP o ka opiuma poppy. Eia hou, e like me ka waiwai hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ia mau lau nahele, Stephanie, moonseed, sinomenium a me na mea e ae.

mōʻaukala 'ike

Morphine - He aha ka keia? He He lāʻau me ka analgesic, kiaha dala a me ka hypnotic 'ole. I ka lāʻau, i ke kanaka ma muli o ia i ka waiwai a pau, 'Imi hoʻohana i ka' inikua hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kakahiaka nui me 1805. Me ka mea, aole e hana i kekahi haukapila iloko o ke Kanawai Kaua ma Amerika. E like me ka ikaika analgesic lāʻau hoʻolauna i kona eha koa intravenously a intramuscularly ma hope oʻoki kino. He nui kōkua ai i nā lākou pōpilikia. Naʻe, ka mea e e kaulana i kēia 'o ia hoʻi he koke addictive. Soon, ke ano i maʻi ma hope o hooloihi ae i hoʻohana o ka lāʻau, loaa kona inoa me he "koa o ka maʻi."

E like me ko oukou ike ana, i ka hoʻomaka o ka hope ke kenekulia, Morphine i hoʻohana ole wale koa, akā, i ka poe kumu, ka poe e hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea makemake, e kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o ka luhi.

Ano o ka lāʻau kalaʻana

E hoomakaukau ai "Morphine" Ua loaʻa like o na papa io o ka 0,01 g., 1% pāʻoihana ma ka hue a me ka 'ohe-Tube, 1 ml.

waiwai o ka lāʻau

Hōʻike no Morphine (he lāʻau), e hiki e koho i ka kēia mau hiʻona:

• Hua mai laʻeleu lāʻau i loko o ka palapala o ke keʻokeʻo acicular nā pōaka a keʻokeʻo mea pōaka pauka e mea iki yellowing paha sereet i waho pūnaewele.
• Oia ano ka lohi wailana i loko o ka wai, a liilii wailana ma ka waiʻona. He incompatible me alkalis. Ke hoomakaukau pāʻoihana E e sterilized ma 100 ° C no ka hapalua o ka hora. No ka stabilizing ka mea, i hou hydrochloricʻakika.
• Ka mahele heheʻe i ka wahi o keia la hoomalolo, he 254 ° C.
• I Kekahi Mau kuapo pāʻoihana - 2%.
• Ignites i ka wela o ka 261 ° C.
• Autoignition ia lŘlŘ ma 349 ° C.

pharmacodynamics

Morphine - ai 'ana i' elele o ka pae ana o opioid analgesics. Ua hoʻololi i nā hana euphoria, hoemi eha symptoms, ke kumu i ka manao o ka maluhia o ka manao, iaono? Ienoai ka naʻau i loko, oia ke ao alohilohi i ka manaʻolana 'ia ka nānā' ana i ka mea maoli moku'āina o ka mea. Mau waiwai he hoʻonui i ke kahua o ka lāʻau kino ai a me ka psychic kaukaʻi.

Ma kiʻekiʻe nā māhele, i na mea i loa ikaika hypnotic hopena. Eia hou kekahi, Morphine inhibits a pau hoʻoponopono reflexes, ma o na la cramps a ho'ēmi i kā ka excitability o ka cough waena. E hooho ana i ka leo o nāʻiʻo a na nā loko, ka mea, e kokua i ka spasm o ka sphincter o Oddi a me biliary'āpana. Eia hou, ua k me ka nui loa hoʻonāwaliwali ka intestinal peristalsis, akā, e hōʻeleu i ke emptying o ka opu, a maoli he peristalsis.

Pharmacokinetics

Ma ka hapanui o hoopii, Morphine (analgesic) lawelawe intravenously, subcutaneously a intramuscularly. Naʻe ia mea hiki a me ka rectal, ku una, epidural a me ka intrathecal ana. Kēia lāʻau ke kemu, aole i koke. Kahi o 20-40% o ka lāʻau ua paa ia i ka wai koko nā polokina. Uluwehi O "Morphine" nā keʻa ke keiki, a hiki i naehana hanu mea hōʻemi o ka fetus. Ua E hoi e kaulana i keia mea paahana ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka umauma o ka waiu.

Intramuscular aaieieno? O Morphine ole e hoʻomōhala ana i hope ma kahi o 15-26 minuke. I kā mākou koko haawi aku kā hope o 35-45 minuke, a mau no e pili ana i 3-5 hola.

Ka lāʻau "Morphine": palapala noi

Medicament "Morphine" ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka anesthetic i ka maʻi likeʻole a me nā palapū i komo pū ma muli o kona kulana loa eha. Eia hou, ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ko lakou hoomakaukau ana no ka hana, a me ka postoperatively. Pinepine ka mea, ua hoakaka ia no ka Kanikani'āʻula, he ikaika cough a me ka pokole o ka hanu, a ua kauoha aku e huʻi naʻau ole.

I kekahi manawa ka mea, 'o ia hoʻi "Morphine" ua hoʻohana' ia ma ka X-Ray hana i ke ao o ka opu, ka laau awaawa, a me ka bladder 12 tiperstnoj liʻiliʻi. O ke kumu ho i ka mea ana i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o kēia k hoonui ae i ka leo o ka opu nāʻiʻo, ka hōʻoi 'kona motility a hōʻeleu i ke emptying. Manawa a hiki i keia waiū, poe akamai i lilo ia i mea maʻalahi e huai ae ulcers a me ka nani o na nā loko.

nāʻikepili

Ua ua ike ia Morphine i ka maʻi 'aʻai ka poʻea pau i ka kokololio hoʻopau o ka eha, a kōkua ai i nā loa ka hoʻomanawanui ka kulana. Ma keia manao ia e e kaulana i kēia 'o ia hoʻi:

• suppresses eha maʻi pale trauma, malignancy, myocardial infarction, a me ka poe angina ;
• Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia me ke kula hope lāʻau no kūloko a mau anesthesia iʻoki kino;
• Ua Ua kekahi manawa, hoʻohana 'ia i hānau, cough (inā' ē aʻe paha e ineffective), a me ka pulmonary edema;
• hāʻawi i ka X-na kukuna o ka opu, 12-tiperstnoj AeXIeAaOIePEAaI a me ka laau awaawa, bladder.

Contraindications

Kēia lāʻau 'ua ole e waiho ma ka hypersensitivity i eiiiiiaiou, inhibition o ka naehana ioauoa (e laʻa me, e ku e lāʻau' ino a kaʻapu kōheoheo) a me ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, e like me lolo ileus. Eia hou kekahi, Morphine hiki ole ke hoʻohana 'ia ma spinal a me ka epidural anesthesia.

Noi me ka lōʻihi mālama nui

E hoʻohana i kēia koʻi me ka lōʻihi mālama nui e e me abdominal eha no unclear kumu, 'ehaʻeha o lability, bronchial asthma ho'āhewa wale, arrhythmias, convulsions, ka lāʻau' ino, alcoholism, suicidal tendencies, gallstone maʻi, e like me ka manawa eʻoki kino ma ka urinary'ōnaehana a me ka digestive'āpana. Eia hou, E ke akahele hoʻohana i kēia k me nā palapū o ka lolo, prostatic hyperplasia, hepatic aʻaʻa puʻuwai insufficiency, intracranial hypertension, stricture o ka urethra, hypothyroidism, loa hoʻoʻino na naau oʻu maʻi, epileptic maʻi pale, hāpai keiki, lactation, a ma hope ana ma luna o ka biliary'āpana . Morphine hoʻohana me ka lōʻihi mālama nui e hoi e ka loa ano o nā mea maʻi, ma ka kūpuna a me nā keiki.

laʻau heluna

Mai la i ka ninau o ke Morphine - He aha ka keia, oe e hai aku e pili ana i kona mau dosages.

No ka moʻolelo mea, i ka hoʻomanawanui, e kukakuka pu me ke kauka ua koi 'ia. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka iapaau ana e e koho ke kaumaha ma muli kanaka pā lonoaʻili a me ka oolea o ka eha. A hookahi mahele lāʻau o ka lāʻau - 10-20 mg no nā mākua a me 0.2-0.8 mg / kgdlya keiki.

E loaa i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku loa e hana laʻau heluna 'oihana e ia 10-100 mg palua i ka lā. No ka subcutaneous ka pahu kui - 1 mg, a no intramuscular a me ka intravenous - 10 mg. ʻO kā mākou kela la i keia mahele lāʻau o 50 mg. Inā ka hoʻomanawanui pono rectal hooponopono, ia mea pono e mālama '-maʻemaʻe nā naʻau liʻiliʻi. Nā mākua suppositories e ia i loko o ka nui o ka 30 mg kela 13 hola.

overdose

Inā hoʻohana improperly, o ka mea paahana e hana ana i loko o ka hoʻomanawanui i kēiaʻaoʻao ole:

• anu a me ka clammy hou;
• hilahila;
• luhi;
• cramps;
• drowsiness;
• intracranial hypertension;
• bradycardia;
• nervousness;
• loa nawaliwali;
• hypothermia;
• 'ūlōlohi pokole o ka hanu ;
• maloo waha;
• ka iini;
• delirious psychosis;
• pōniuniu;
• hakumakuma ke koko;
• hallucinations;
• convulsions;
• Muscle rigidity a pela aku.