Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra ma St. Petersburg: nā ilina o nā kaulana a

Ma ke kapa o ka muliwai Neva, i loko o ka palena o ka Alexander Nevsky hoailona, ka mea, o kekahi o ka loa hana hoihoi cemeteries ma St. Petersburg, i kapaʻia Nikolsky. Hookumuʻaneʻane he kenekulia, a me ka hapalua kona hope ma mua o ka hoailona ia iho, ka mea, ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i kona mōʻaukala, a ua hoopuniia oukou e na kaao haku i loko o ka mamao i hala, a me ka poe e noho nō hou i loko o ka hoomanao o ko mākou wā.

Pomaikai Prince - ka haipule o ke kulanakauhale

I ka 1710, ma ke kiekie o ke kaua a me ka Swedes, King Peter I, i kauoha mai ai, makemake e hoala mai i ka morale o ka poe koa ia ia, e kau i ka hoailona ma ka hanohano o St. Alexander Nevsky, wawahi ia 470 makahiki aku nei. No keia hopena, oia kino wae iho i ke kahua, e like me ka lanakila i loko o kēlā mau makahiki he erroneous manao, he Mokuna kaua.

Pēlā i hoʻokumu i ke kaulana Alexander Nevsky Lavra ma St. Petersburg, i loko o kēlā mau makahiki, i ka kapikala o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Kona kūkuluʻiaʻana, kokoke pau loa ke XVIII kenekulia, a me wale i loko o ka waena o 1790, ma ka pau ana o na hana pili i ka hana ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE kuhikuhipuʻuone konu - Hemolele Trinity Hale Pule Nui, Laura i ka nānā hope loa. Kona inoa, e like me ka makemake ma ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o St. Petersburg - Tsar Peter I, ka mea i loko o ka hanohano o ka kaʻao e uwa o ka Swedes, ka mea i lilo i ka haipule haipule o ke kulanakauhale, kona kea laa, i hoolilo ia ia, mai Vladimir i ka 1724.

Ka mua ilina o ka hou hoailona

, Ua oi ma mua o nā kenekulia i ke kulanakauhale ma ka Neva River ke kapikala o ka Russian aupuni a pau, a me ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i ka mea i kona mau Pohon no a hiki i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa i waena o nā noho ai i na o ka hoʻokāʻoi ', a mau loa aku-ulu moku'āina. I loko o trohvekovoy moʻolelo Pohon ma luna o kona ?? eoi? Ua hana mau cemeteries i i i ke kaulana Lūkini necropolis. Ka mua o kēia mau ua Lazarevskoye.

Hoolewa ana ma luna o ka mea, hoʻomaka e paka mai 1713, oa koke ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻo o na Pohon. Kēia necropolis, Aia ma luna o ka mokuna o ko Rusia ka lua hoailona, i loko o kona kūlana ma kela aoao o ka mea maʻamau cemeteries. Nui ka mea, e hōʻike ana, no ka hoolewa ana ma luna o ka mea koi 'ia he aliʻi' ae.

More ma mua o ke kenekulia hope, i ka makahiki 1823, i ka palena o ka hoailona, ua hookumuia oia i extant Tikhvin ilina ma ka paena a ma hope i waho Necropolis o Artists. I loko o kona mokuna, mai nā hoʻokiwikā cemeteries i hoʻoneʻe i ka hoolewa ana o ke koʻikoʻi na kii o Lūkini nō.

E pili ana Nikolskoye ilina

A eia ka mea hope, ke kolu o ka manawa ua i ke kumu o Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky hoailona, wehe i ka 1863 ma kaʻaoʻao hikina o ka Uhane Trinity Hale Pule Nui, ke kumu e loaa i ka inoa o ka Zasobornogo mua. Nikolsky me ka mea la ia mea wale mai 1871, ka wā ia i kūkuluʻia a me ka hoʻolaʻaʻia ke aupuni 'kokoke, a haawi mai la ia i kona inoa St. Rotehama Church.

Ua ua ikeia e lōʻihi ma mua o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka ilina e? Oaony e uhai i ka lehulehu ia? Ea, ma i makemake kau i ke ala a hiki i ka papa kuhikuhiE e komo ai i ka hoailona. Akā, ma hope nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone kuka hoʻololi. E like me ka mea i mālama a hiki i kēia lā i ka mooolelo, ke kanu mua 'aneʻi i lawe mai i loko o May 1863. Ua ua ike, a me ka inoa o ka mea i e hele mua ana i ka aina o ka mea hou graveyard. Ka mea, ua i ka lawelawe i ka wahine kāne make Laura Sergeya Afanasevicha Timofeeva - Barbara Nikitichna.

Mea koʻikoʻi a me reasonableness o ka ilina kumumanao

Alexander Nevsky Lavra ma St. Petersburg, mai ka manawa o ka nānā 'ana kona kumu i pololei hookupaa manao,? Ac? Ia e oi kaulana kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Domenico Trezzini. Ua Ua nānā 'ana i rigorous geometrical? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia. Ka mea, ua i ke ano hiʻona a me ka hou ilina. Ke puka ka papa kuhikuhiE ua pili i ka pololei i ka alanui ma Rotehama Church, a loaa ka inoa o St. Rotehama. He ka Central lonikū iho (axis). Ma nāʻaoʻao o ka mea ua laua alahao, Hohola i ke komohana. Lakou, ma ka huli, kāʻalo ana kēlā i ka alley alakai ana i ka hema hapa o na necropolis.

A manao iho la lakou i ka wahi o ka artificially hanaiaʻi o loko. Ma kaʻaoʻao hikina o ka puka o loa Waimanalo nānaina o ka ekalesia na hale o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra. E ku ana ma ke kahakai, e hiki ka poʻe nanea i ka Trinity Hale Pule Nui, a me ka ekalesia o ka Annunciation a me Fedorov.

Ilina no ka waiwai

Mai ka outset, keia ilina i ka loa a me ka pipiʻi 'ihiʻihi ilina wahi i loko o St. Petersburg. Alaila, ka mea, ua hookomoia iloko o ka maikaʻi loa ano, haʻahaʻa akula 'i kona manao, e aho, he paka ma mua o ka wahi o ka mau loa koena. Noho mālie a me ka nani loa loko hoʻokō wale nō i kēia similarity. Oia he kūlana no ia koe ia a hiki i ka OctoberʻOiʻenehana.

Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky hoailona, a hua mai la i ke kanu ana ka hapanui waiwai kanaka, i ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia i hoʻonaniʻia me ka lehulehu loa noʻeau Chapel a me ka lua pao. Lākou papahana Komikina'Āina i ka mea maikaʻi Artists o ka manawa e like me I. Schroeder, R. Bach, I. Podozorov a me kekahi poe e ae, ka hapa nui o na hale i kukulu ia ma ke ano o ke au Old Lūkini kaila.

Luxury a me ka sophistication ilina

Kekahi ano koena unuhi Nikolsky ilina mau i ka nui o nā sculptures, kumukanawai a puku i ka gravestones. kekahi invariably,ʻo ka noonoo ana o ka malihini o ka ilina tombstones, i loko o ka Art Nouveau kaila. Lākou hiʻona ka hoʻopau, i hoʻohana 'mosaic, majolica a me ka pālolo.

Ma oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka kenekulia mua o Okatoba kipi, he poe nui hoi kanaka kaulana i ua kanuʻiaʻo ia: no ka kaulana aviators lm Matsievich a me Si Utochkin, haku mele, a alakaʻi mele Rubinshteyn Anton Grigorevich, no ka luna hoʻopuka A. S. Suvorin a me SN Shebinsky ka pono me na mea e ae.

Ke kau mai ana iluna wahi o na clergy

Mai ka hoʻomaka o ke ola o Nikolskoye ilina ma luna o kona mokuna i ua anao? Aou i kūikawā wahi no ke kanu ana o ka mōneka hoailona a me ka papa kiʻekiʻe clergy o St. Petersburg. He la i ka inoa o Bratsk, a ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai i ka papa kuhikuhiE kino i Track, i kapaʻia Hierarchical.

Kēia paena ua malamaia ma ka Soviet manawa, a ma ka 1979 ka mea i kanuʻiaʻo ia ma ka Kauhalenui Nikodim (Rotov). Manawa i kona hiʻona i waena o nā clergy a me ka laity ka poe i koe i malama pono i ka Ekalesia ma ka makahiki paʻakikī o atheistic hoomaau ana, me kona kanu ana i ala hou ana i ka luna o ka maoli i loko o kēlā mau makahiki, i ka loaa kaʻina hana o ka ilina, o ka loa ilihune kulana.

Shelter noho a me na powa

Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky hoailona, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka hapa o ka hoailona o necropolis,ʻaʻohe iau-no? You. Me ka Hekikai o Soviet mana ia ia Hoomau pinepine ana e pani, aʻaʻole wale i ke kumu o ua mea i ole ike i ka haku hou o ko ke ao nei i loko o ia i kekahi ideological a mōʻaukala waiwai.

Koke ma hope o ka kipi, i ka wa a ke aupuni i deteriorated ka hewa kulana, ilina,ʻo na poe powa, mai hemo mai, a mai hemo mai hamama kupapaʻu halekupapau ma ka huli ana i mau waiwai. I mau, kona palena lilo i puʻuhonua no ka noho kulana a me ka uhu hewa, ka mea i noho ai ma waena o ka halekupapau, a terrorizing passersby. I mea e somehow waiho i na mea ma ka mea, ka mea i hoʻoholo a pau kanu ana hoi,, no ko ka kekahi hoihoi hoʻoneʻe i nā wahi, a me Chapel a me nā lua pao, a huli i loko o ka lua o nä pöä, i luku aku.

Reburial a searchlights twenties

Ka oo ma luna hooholo ia i hoʻokō, a me Nikolskoye ilina (St. Petersburg) hoomau e ola ana, akā, ma ka Necropolis o Artists nō neʻe i ka i koe iho o na mea he nui koʻikoʻi nō na kii o Lūkini moʻomeheu. Kēia he kanaka nona ka inoa i komo i loko o mākou mōʻaukala a pau. Iwaena o lakou, he poʻokela mele Rubinstein Anton Grigorievich, artist Kustodiev, he mea hana keaka kaulana o ke kakahiaka nui XX kenekulia Vera Fodorovna Komissarzhevskaya a me kekahi mau 'ē aʻe Artists.

Ma ke twenties ke kulanakauhale Aupuni i hele mai i ka papahana o ka hanaia'na o ka crematorium mua i loko o ka graveyard i loko o Rusia. E hoʻokō i ka mea e ponoʻole ke hoʻolilo i paʻa ma ka manawa St. Rotehama Church. i lawe aku i ka ho okolohua mua i mai,ʻaʻole naʻe i lanakila ole i ka pono ipu, a me kēia manaʻo i mea pōmaikaʻi haalele. Crematorium ma Leningrad i kūkulu wale i ka 1973, a ma keia manao, i ka makahiki 1980, ma St. Rotehama ilina kukulu i columbarium.

Nā koa o ka hou moʻolelo

Mawaena o ka poe i loaʻa ma laila hope kanu wahi i loko o ke kia-Communist manawa, he mau kanaka i rightfully hui pū i loko o ka mōʻaukala o St. Petersburg. Mua o nā mea a pau, keia mea i kona mua o Meia Anatoly Sobchak. E like me ka puka o ka Leningrad State University, Anatoliy Aleksandrovich mai 1973 pū ana ma ka ao, kokua aku la oia i ka 1982 doctoral dissertation, a lilo iho la ke Kumu i kekahi o kona faculties. Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka nineties, Anatoly Sobchak mea 'Imi hoʻomau ana i loko o ke ola pili aupuni o ke kulanakauhale, a,' aʻole i kana wale nô ma ka Communist Party kaua, e lilo ana i kekahi o nā alakaʻi o perestroika neʻe.

Ma waho aʻeo i kona ma St. Rotehama ilina kanu a me State Duma hope Starovoytova Galina Vasilevna, he nui, ua hanaia e lanakila i ka hopena o ka totalitarian? Eia, a ka mea i make ma ka lima o ke kai i loko o November 1998. Ma kona lua hiki mau ike hou pua i lawe ia e Petersburgers ka poe i hoomanao a me ka mahalo 'kona kivila feat. Aia ua i kanu i ka koʻikoʻi ekalesia alihi kaua, Kauhalenui o St. Petersburg ka a Ladoga John (Snychov), ka mea halaʻole i ka Haku, i ka 1995 a me ka haʻalele i ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana me kekahi o na hana i komo i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka hou o na kahuna ike paka i o Lūkini.

Ilina i pākī iho i ka nineties

New impetus i kona ulu Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra loaʻa i loko o ka nineties. He, me ka hala makahiki, ka mea, ua lilo ia i kau mai ana iluna wahi o ka poe nona na hoahanau, ke uku pono. Nui loa "hou Lūkini" ana a me ka malu pāʻoihana huli mai e ia i kona mau loa lodgers ma hope o nā loina i loko o kēlā mau makahiki o ka hi "showdown." Ua akamai loa, ka mea, i laila, ola ae la ia ia, he pono ole ma mua o nā kaao lehulehu e pili ana i na uhane ino, allegedly i Nikolskoye ilina o kona puʻuhonua.

Na lono a me nonsense laha ma ka ilina

Ka ai-kapaia yellow kaomi mea kaiāulu ua höʻike pü i loko o kēlā mau makahiki, a me na lono e pili ana i 'akomi i ma luna o kona mokuna, i ka lola honua catacombs, hoʻonohonoho i loko o ka Vikings kahiko, a ua piha i wale na mea kaua kahiko, akā, i ke kilokilo mea o ka hoomana ana, i ole nalowale kona ikaika a hiki i keia la. Nui, ua kamailio e pili ana i Satanists i hana hoino, a me ka poe pono ole kānāwai ma luna hou halekupapau.

Pela e hele ai a hiki i ka'ōlelo, inā ma lalo o ke kumu nui kuahu o ka Lavra ekalesia - Hemolele Trinity Hale Pule Nui - mea i kuahu no ka hana ana i kaʻeleʻele nui. I mau, ke kanaka paʻakikī i ike ole palena, haliu ae la ia i loko o ka loa lurid waihoʻoluʻu Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra. celebrity lua kupapaʻu me ka hopena i ma luna o ka backburner, a me na mea he nui o Laielohelohe i kēia mau satanic moʻolelo.

Mākaʻikaʻi i ka kiʻekiʻe koi

I kēia lā, ua hiki pono ke olelo e, i waena o nā cemeteries St. Petersburg kūikawā hoihoi i waena o iauaeoia oo? Ecia a me nā noho o ka loaa ia Nikolskoye ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Nā hola: 9: 00-17: 00 (October i April) a me 9: 00-19: 00 (mai Mei a hiki i September). Kēia mea,ʻaʻole manawa lawa e ae ia e nana a pau comers, i mea ole kahaha ko oukou naau, i haawiia i ka hoihoi ulu nō keʻano e na makaainana,ʻaʻole wale nō kona mōʻaukala, akā, i ke kanaka kanu ma luna o laila.

I ka maikaʻi ku i koi tirelessly a me ka makaikai i ka hoʻolālā a me ka lawelawe ai hooponopono Nikolsky ilina o ka Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Nā lawelawe mohai aku e ia (e like me ka 'ike a me ka hoʻonaʻauao, a hoʻokahi wale nō mea hiki, no ka mea hoike, o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kia hoʻomanaʻo i), ua nui loa ka nohona.

wahine hewa ia Procopius

A eia ka mea hope, e hiki ke hoole i kekahi o ia mau moʻolelo, a i mua, ua kau aʻela ma luna. No mahalo ola i loko o kēlā mau makahiki he kaʻao e pili ana i ka möneka ma ka inoa o Laura Procopius. Ua Ua olelo mai ia, ka haalele ana mai o ka manaoio oiaio, lilo 'o ia i ke kilo, a launa me na uhane ino. Once Satana ia ia iho i kaumaha aku ia ia i ka hana. Procopius i koiia e pepehi i kekahi o ka ilina hewa ma Christmas po, a laila, ma mua ka wanaao 666 manawa e hōʻino i ke Akua. No keia mea, i olelo mai ke ola mau loa.

No ka mea hewa ua i ala, i ka pono o ka helu o ka hotele "Moscow", a ma ka po, he mea lawa. Akā, i ka wā, make ia i loko o ka pā ilina, ka möneka ho'āʻo e'ōlelo i kaʻae helu o ka hōʻinoʻana, au hiki ole hālāwai mua puka. Ma ke kakahiaka o ka malihini mua loaa ka hapa decomposed kino o ka möneka, i kekahi o kona mau wawae, huli i loko o ka popoki o ka wāwae aku. He loa e hiki i nā mea a pau i kēia mea fiction, akā, wale mai o ka pā ilina ua he nui feisty popoki, me ka hulu hipa i strangely kohu umiumi apostate Procopius. ʻO wai lā ka mea e manaoio mai ke hele aku a ike.