Open fractures a me kā lākou Mea Maluna. First kōkua no ka hamama fractures

Mai uhaʻi iwi mea i hoʻopaʻa waiwai e kekahi i kekahi kanaka, nānā 'ole o ka makahiki, ka wahine a kekahi'ē aʻe kekahi hiʻona. Ma lalo o fracture pili i ka huina a me ka hapa poino o ka iwi a ano hoopono. Kēia e alakai i ka haule ana, he koke loa ikaika, ke kanaka-i a kūlohelohe ano, kaʻa ulia.

ʻano likeʻole o nā fractures

Fractures i maheleia i:

• wehe;
• paʻa.

Common hiʻona o ka hamama fracture

Open fractures - pōʻino o ka iwi, i hele pu me ia e nahae ana o ka pono o ka ili a me nń ku palupalu'aʻaʻa, ma ka fracture mea ma ka launa pu, a me ka mea mawaho kaiapuni.

An hamama fracture ua manaoia e pōʻinoʻia pilikia, no ka mea, e like me nā palapū hoomahuahua i ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai o ka iwi wahi o ka microbial flora. Kēia mea kā ka hamama, a me ka paʻa fracture o nāʻaoʻao. Ano o ka fracture ka hamama a me ka waiho wale iwi, nunui complicates lapaau, a kawili ae a me ka poe o ka pahee nā'aʻaʻa i loko o ka wahi o ka poino, a maoli he i ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Mea weliweli a ke kanaka ola ma hamama fracture ua manaoia kahe ana ke koko a me ka hawewe.

Na hoailona o ka hamama fracture

Hoailona hamama a me ka paʻa nā palapū i kānaka okoa, akā, ma ka hihia mua, ka oolea o symptoms mea he umi ikaika. No laila:

• hana no ka ka hoʻoneʻe ana o kekahi mau koʻo ikaika i loko o ka wahi, kahi aole he ami;
• palpation o ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi ma lalo o kaʻili audible crackle;
• ke alo aku o ka eha, ia mea loa liʻiliʻi, a me ka nui;
• venous kahe ana ke koko;
• luahi o ka ano ua deteriorating koke;
• hiki na hoailona o ka trauma a me ka hemorrhagic kŰia.

Open fracture: Mea Maluna

Open fractures, ke kaumaha ma muli o kaʻano papa hana o ka? Acaeoey ua maheleia i:

• initially-hamama, oiai ka kūpono pōʻino i na iwi a me ka pahee nā'aʻaʻa;
• haumāna hamama ka wā o ka ili a me ka pahee'aʻaʻa poino welau o ka iwi koena ai.

Ke oolea o ka fracture, a me ka pilikia a hiki i kanaka ke ola lilo i kumu no ka hou Mea Maluna. I kaʻike, ua denoted Lūkini paukü palapala, a 'o ia hoʻi:

• A - fractures me ka nīnūnē palupalu'aʻaʻa poino, kona viability ua maopopo malamaia ai iki hihia hoʻi.
• B - poho i ka awelika degere o ka umekaumaha, a me ka pahee'aʻaʻa viability i loko o ka lesion hapa 'ia a pau lakou lehulehu ana.
• Ma - fracture me ka ikaika irreversible poino i palupalu'aʻaʻa, a no kona wehe 'mea inevitable no ka malama ana ola.

Mea Maluna Kaplan-Markova complementsʻike, e hoike ana 'ano o nāʻeha, kahi A - stab eha he nui; B - pēpē, lacerated eha he nui; B - pēpē e hoea.
Roma numerals i loko o kaʻike, i hōʻike mai i kaʻeha nui:

• I - uuku ka nui o ka mai i 1.5 kenimika.
• II - i ka nui o kaʻeha loli aʻe ma waena o 2-9 kenimika.
• III - wahi iho la oi ma mua o 10 kenimika.

Group IV nā fractures loa nui kaumaha ano. Aia He He kāna hana viability o ka lala, pu ma ka loa koko poho a me ka hawewe. Pinepine, he lala amputated.
IIeEeAIEUAA o ka hamama fractures me ka nānā 'ana i ka inoa o ka iwi poino. Ua hiki e:

• poohiwi;
• kuʻekuʻe aku;
• femoral;
• tibial a me peroneal.

Maomeka o ka iwi poho a me ke 'ano o ke poho ma ka m-Ray fracture māheleʻia i loko o:

• kēlā;
• kea;
• Ka Pale fractures e ana i loko o ka hihia o ke kaʻa hookui hookahe koko ana;
• helical;
• Big / melkooskolchatye;
• palua (hoʻoneʻe fracture o ka iwi koena ai, a me ka mea).

diagnosing

Open fractures e oluolu e diagnose. E kuhikuhi i nā mea a pau poino fracture e e palpated. Kēia Ua ukali e X-kukuna hana, a e leie aku oe, e hooholo i ka kiko'ī lōʻihi like 'ole o ka hewa, ke' ano o ka fracture, i ke ano o ka pohupani hale, i ka nui o ka iwi koena ai. Open lala fractures, fractures o na iwi loa , a me ka spineʻimi mai ma ka liʻiliʻi mau X-Ray paʻi, hua mai la i ka elua ae ÷ haku Kekoa. Ma kekahi mau hihia, ka auhau o ka pahee-'aʻaʻa ke ano pono ka MRI. Me ka hamama fracture malaila mea he pilikia o nā aʻalolo poino a me ka vascular ano hoopono. Inā kekahi, a i Ua ulu maila, oe e nīnau aku i ka neurosurgeon a me vascular surgeon.

First kōkua me ka hamama fracture

First kōkua no nā palapū o keia ano moe i loko o ka mea i:

1. Ua oki ke kahe ana ke koko, hana i nā kihi o kaʻeha antiseptic.
2. E pili i ka sterile ua kahikoia a nani 'ana i ka eha, a me ka fracture paena.
3. E haawi i anesthetic e like Analgin, Pentalgin.
4. immobilize i ka lala ma ka oihana i i loaʻa i ka pōʻino.
5. E lawe aku i ka luahi a hiki i ka hapa pilikia wahi.
Help me ka hamama fractures ma kekahi hihia e ole nā ho'āʻo e reposition hoolaha mawaho o ka iwi, wehe i ka alo lala, hoʻopololei o ka poino iwi. Kēia hiki wale nō e ka pilikia lanakila ia.

Foxmike Hip fracture e hiki mai i ka hopena o ka haule ana a me ka ulia kaʻa hookui hookahe koko ana. He ua pinepine pu ma ka 'oni iki o ka'ōpala hoʻi, e kauoha ana i ka luahi a hiki i ka moku'āina o ka eha kŰia.

Ka mua ka mea, e hana - mea e anesthetize. A laila, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e splint i ka wawae. E hana i kēia, e hiki ke hoʻohana i kekahi lōʻihi mea: papa, paipu, ka lāʻau hili ai. Splinting ua hana ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, mai na wawae i ai i ka loa armpit. Akā, ka mea hiki ole ke kiola ana i kaʻaoʻao ma ka hakina iwi i nanaia.

Open fracture o ka lima - keia mea o ka loa e like me ka ano o ka hewa. Loa pinepine ia ia lŘlŘ like me ka hopena o ka ikaika hopena a hina. Ma waho aʻeo ia kahe ana ke koko lima hamama fracture i ke ukali ia e ka nani ikaika o na lala, ami deformity. Ka pilikia o kēia 'ano o ka poho o ka manawa kūpono o ka loa i ke koko emi i loko o ka hanana o rupture o ka artery me ke koko ka pilikia, e hooki aku. Pilikia First kōkua mea eʻauhau iā laka-kaʻa'ōhua no ka immobility. A me ka mea pono immobilize ma ka liʻiliʻi mau ami i loko o ka fracture wahi. Ua Ua pololei pili i ka lole. Ke kaula oka, a pilipaa lole wili ma luna o ka poino wahi e kōkua paʻa ke koko me keia poho.

Fractured manamananui i emi he ākea poino, ka kūpono pololei trauma e like me ka kaumaha mea haule, hopena, mīkini'opihia, lehu nona i kona mau wawae. First kōkua no nā palapū o keia ano ka poe noonoo ole. Ua hiki ia i kekahi kanaka i mea kokoke, a me ka mea nāna. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea i loko o keia hihia - e immobilize i ka wāwae. Shoes E e wehe 'ia i ka manawa hookahi. Ka poino manamana lima e lole wili i kekahi paa mea paha i ke kokoke manamana lima. Fractured manamananui paha e:

• wehe;
• paʻa;
• fracture me ka pohupani hale;
• comminuted;
• palena fracture.

Hoʻoneʻe fracture ua loaa ma kaʻilikai i ka manamana lima iwi ikaika, e alakai ana i na hanana o ka hewa. Ua hiki e ukali ma kaʻaihue ana e pili nā aʻalolo, ipu koko, nāʻiʻo. Pu ma ka poino ma ka loa eha, hoʻokano,ʻaʻole waleʻino wale i ka manamana lima, akā, i ka pau wawae, kahe ana ke koko ma lalo o kaʻili, kui, kue o ka lālā kuleana pili i.

hou lapaʻau

Ma hope o ka hoʻolako 'mua kōkua E e hospitalized ma ka Oihana o "Trauma". Moscow he nui kona hana kūikawā 'ikamu, e hana a puni i ka huahelu,, kahi e i ke ahonui a pau i ka mea kōkua. Ma ka hoʻolako 'akamai kōkua kauka ho oholo i ka oolea o ke poho, e mahalo, hemodynamic e hoopaa i kekahi, iniiaiieʻike, o ka fracture i nā nana, wahi iho la lapaʻau, ka loaʻaʻana o ka lapaʻau na hoailona o ka poino, i ka X-Ray. Ke hoʻomanawanui, e e i procaine blockade a me injections ku tetanus, e hoonoho konohiki, laulā-pae antibiotics e pale maʻiʻaʻai.

Next, ua hoololiia ka hoomanawanui a hiki i ka pae'ōnaehana lumi, kahi o kaʻeha ua ua holoiʻia o na kino a me ka lepo, e moe ana kaawale iwi koena ai wehe,ʻino poino, nonviable'aʻaʻa issekutsya, i kaʻeha e e paa, a hoohuliia mai i loko o ka paʻa fracture. Staple na kihi o kaʻeha pono e lawe mai me ka hoʻopilikia, ina keia mea,ʻaʻole e hiki, alaila, e paa dermepenthesis.

Kai iniiaiieʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau mea nui no ka mea, neutralizes maikaʻi no ka hooulu ana i pathogenic microorganisms flora a me ka hana 'ano kūpono no ke hooeha lāʻau lapaʻau. A, i ka excision o ka "poe ilihune e like ai"'aʻaʻa mea he maikai liluwelo ololi, no ka mea, ola ola'aʻaʻa maikaʻi kaua maʻiʻaʻai a me ka hoola.

He maikaʻi ina ka iniiaiieʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau malama e e i loko o ka mua 8 hola o ka eha. Over keia wā, nā microorganisms e ole i manawa e komo iloko hohonu i loko o ka eha i na nā'aʻaʻa, hohola iho la ma ke kino ma ke koko a me ka lymph.

PECVD hiki e: kakahiaka paʻa i loko o ka mua 24 hola ma hope o eha; hoʻokaʻuluaʻana i ka 48 hola; hope. Nā kumu no ke kali i hoʻokauwā aku traumatic kŰia, loa kahe ana ke koko, operative uao ua pili me ka poho i ka nui nā loko.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o ka immobilization o ka iwi koena ai

Immobilize poho mea pono i loko o kekahi hihia. E hana pela, haawi mai i ka hoike, koho:

• he puna hoolei aku;
• skeletal traction;
• iniiaiie, lohi maloko osteosynthesis metala hale;
• Mawaho fixation lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe no mawaho fixation.

Ka nou ana la o ka mea maikai hygroscopic, pono ke haka pono maila 'o ia hoʻi i ka loi eʻino nā mea maʻi' aʻole i koi oaoieei-akamai pū nō hoʻi, e hāʻawi aku i ka gradual hoʻouka o ka poino palena. Eia naʻe, gypsum immobilizes e pili ami a hiki oOeEIAOO i ka lala i loko o ka maʻa.

Skeletal traction apono 'e malama i ka lala a me ka hana i dressings. Inā 'oe i ka hamama fracture me pohupani hale, ka mea, o ka palena manawa e leie aku ka aeʻalo reponirovat hakina. Akā, i kēia hana o ka immobilization pono moe koena, hoomaha i ka lala ua hoakaka mea i paʻa, e pono ka mālamaʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono.
Osteosynthesis i me kēlā, helical, comminuted fractures paʻakikī, e malama, e like me papalua paha mau.

Pehea e hoola hamama fractures

Iwi fracture ho'ōla i wahi i loko o kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Ka mea mua e hoomakaukau ai ke kahua hiki ke kapa. Eia ka mea, he lymph a me ke koko clotting, koko clots i hana wahī i nā wēlau o nā koena ai, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuu clot komo i ka pahee'aʻaʻa.

Ma ka lua o ka pae hoʻomaka e lilo iniiaiie connective'aʻaʻa callus. He ua he anuanu hionapāʻili, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea e, aohe mea i loko o ka Lime paʻakai a me ka iwi. Kēia palaoa Aʻole 'ae' o ka iwi i ka 'elele i hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka pōʻino, ua make ke kina ole. No ka mea lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia kaʻina hana i e okoa. A nui helu o ka wela ai'aʻaʻa, i ke alo o ka pahee'aʻaʻa ma waena o ka iwi welau, maʻiʻaʻai, hoemiia i ka hiki ana o kumu aeee i ka iwi'aʻaʻa ka hoʻonuiʻana e 'ūlōlohi mai ana i ke kaʻina hana.

Ke kolu o ka pae hoʻomaka ka hola 2-3 pule ma hope o ka fracture. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka ossification. Connective'aʻaʻa callus kana olelo hoopomaikai. Eia naʻe, i kūpaʻa ai hōʻeuʻeu wahie, ia mea,ʻaʻole nō naʻe i loko o ke kulana, nolaila, i ka ike loea immobilization mea nō pili lawe. Iloko o keia manawa, ua hoala hou mai i ka nui o ke kalipuna i loko o ke koko lāʻau lapaʻau.

I ka ha o ka pae, ai ka hope loa ka kūkuluʻana o ka callus i loko o ka piha iwi. A mau mahina ma hope o ka fracture o ka hou iwi hiki ke ku imua o ke kaupaona ana o ke kino. Callus He pinepine nui nui ma mua o ka mea maoli hakina iwi. Ka oi nui i ka poino o ka iwi a me ka puni'aʻaʻa, i ka oi nui, e ia i ka nui o ka palaoa. Mahope, ka mea, ua hoemiia ma ka hoailona iho la i o nā'aʻaʻa a me ka resorption o kahiko iwi'āpana. Pae lōpū ooieoeiiaeuiiai haawe e hōʻeleu i ke ka kūkuluʻana o ka callus.

Hoolohi ho okumu o callus ua wehewehe aku ma ka hamama fracture. Lapaau a me ka hoola ana o ka trauma hiki i ka lōʻihi-kau kaʻina, inā:

• ma ka fracture paena hua lawa ka nui o ke koko clots ma ka noho haumāna kahi i ke kahua o ka iniiaiie iwi callus;
• ka huʻi hoʻoʻino keʻano o ka hanaʻana, luku mea hou i ka helehelena o callus ma luna o ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai;
• i ke kaʻina hana o ka a maloo aku o ka iwi koena ai;
• ma connective'aʻaʻa callus hana fibrocartilage.

I ka uku o ka ho okumu ana o callus Ua pili kēia kalele iho ma luna o ana a me ka wā e i kōkua ma ka fracture wahi, i ke ahonui o ka makahiki, a me nā aʻe.
E oia i ke kaʻina hana o ke kahua o ka callus hiki hoʻohana antireticular cytotoxic lāʻau lapaʻau Bogomolets, iwi ka palaoa, he lepo lā, eggshell, phosphorus mai ka iʻa aila.

hopena o fractures

I ka hamama fractures i kekahi mau olelo hooweliweli. Manawa 'aʻole i hookupu mai i ke kōkua palapala hōʻoia no - ma ka mua 6-8 hola ma hope o ka ino - hiki ke alakai i ka irreversible hopena. Ma hope iho o kēia manawa, hiki hoʻomaka sepsis, he koko maʻiʻaʻai.

I ka injected i loko o ka honuaʻeha hiki hoʻomōhala tetanus. Ma hope o hui 'ana me ka luahi ma ka traumatology issekutsya ua hoʻohaumiaʻia kahua, akā, ma ka nui kaawale apana o nāʻiʻo a me tendons, e hoola i kekahi kanaka ka ola, aia no he pahiki kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻomanawanui, e nā kuki.

Mai ka keia o ka hopena i ka pono e olaʻi mea hiki i kūpono mua kokua ana a me ka mua 'inikua kōkua i hoʻolako' ia e ka traumatology. Moscow, i ke kulanakauhale nui, e kaumaha ana i na iauaeoia e hoʻolako i ka pono kōkua.

Ua mea hiki e insure ku e fractures

Fracture mea he ma paʻi poino, insure ku aʻaʻole hiki. Eia naʻe, 'ikepili helu hōʻike i kekahi mau nā palapū hiki ke käpae' ina o ka iwi i ka oi anuanu 'ole. O ka holo ana, mai nā palapū malama aku i loko o ka hanana o ka haule ana mai ke kiekie, kalepa ae la lakou he ulia pakalaki,ʻino a kui mai ia e ole hoola, akā,ʻaʻole e pau i kela haule a podvertyvanie wawae uhaʻiʻia. No laila, i ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o ka Kāohi - mea, e hooikaika i ka iwi a me ka pale osteoporosis.

Ka mua meaʻoe e hoʻolohe - keia meaʻai. Kumuʻiʻoʻai, hui me ka helu nui o ke kope a me ka like kea, ho'ēmi i kā ka nui o ke kalipuna i loko o ke kino. Compensate no ka deficiency, a, e hōʻike i maikai omo o ke kalipuna, e kōkua i ka spinach, beets, celery,'ōmaʻomaʻo ka lau, hua pisetakia, kī, cocoa a me ka kiniki i loaʻa nā huahana.

Ia penei, mai keia a me ke kēia fracture Kāohi ana - ke ola i kaumaha. Osteoporosis hiki hoʻomōhala ole wale i loko o ke alo o ka oi ke kaupaonaʻana, a maoli he ka haawe ana ma luna o nā iwi, akā, excessive thinness e ole e i ke ola no ia. He mea pono e ike i ka wā e pau ana.

Help me ke ola i ke kaumaha hiki ia he sport. Ma ka pāʻani haʻuki ka mea,ʻaʻole mea hou honua mooolelo a me ke ahiahi, a po lilo i loko o ka hale haʻuki. Akā, me ka Kahiāuli Ho'ā no ka hapalua o ka hora paha ka holaʻekolu manawa i ka pule ma lalo o ka mana o ka aneane pau. Maoli ai, e ke aʻoaʻo aʻo pono, e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka makahiki, moku'āina o ke ola kino, kūpono. Me keia e kōkua i nā coaches i loko o ka hale haʻuki a me kauka. Manao me ka excessive hoounauna e e na kane a me na wahine.

Iwi pa apŘ he kūlana maikaʻiʻole a me ka hewaʻano: inu ana a me ka uwahi ana. A ina e e mālama i ka hana mua a hiki i ka palena iki nā māhele, ia mea pono, e haawi aku i momoku loa. Ma paka fractures hoola ole wale mau nō, akā, i ka pahiki o ka pololei ole kuʻi nukeliu. Ole o ka waiʻona i loko o 'aʻe o ka metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ke kino. Alcohol hainā aʻe i ke omo o ka kalipuna ma ke kino, i impairs iwi nuʻa o ka mea.

I nui no ke ola o ko mākou kino, a me ka wikamina D, i ka loko o ke koi 'ia mea hiki ke loaa ma ka i ana ma ka la kēlā lā ma ka liʻiliʻi loa no 15 mau minuke. Kēia wikamina ka paipai 'ana i ke omo o ka kalipuna. Excessive hoʻohana 'ana o ka sunbathing, o ka papa, ia mea,ʻaʻole e pono ke ōlaʻi, o ka oi aku i ka poʻe me ka' ikepili koʻikoʻi ili. Akā, me ka pōmaikaʻi o kēia nani hana e kaumaha ana i ka koho ana o ka laulā huahelu o na mea paahana, e hoomalu i kaʻili, a e ole e malama ole.

Loa poorly tolerated fractures o ka poʻeʻelemākule kanaka. A pilikino poino ke alakai i ke ahiahi banal haule i loko o kona mau keʻena, hale. Nolaila, ma keia hihia e e hāʻawi i kā mākou noonoo ana i ka Kāohi ana. He aha aʻole ia ke ano o? Ka mea, e wehe i nā mea a pau e wehe ai paha kau kaula ma ke kahua hahi wahi. Rugs a me ka hooponopono ana e moe i lalo, mai i hoʻoʻauwana. Inā he mea he make up i loko o laila, e pono e hoʻouka handrails a me ka 'ole-oihana moena i. Home kamaa e i mea hoʻomaha, me kaʻoʻoleʻa poho, a me ka pono ole, moe iho la me ko oukou mau wawae oiai e hele ana.

Open fractures o nā iwi - he loa kaʻawaʻawa loa eha me ka lōʻihi ke ola au. Pololei i ka mua mālama '-lapaau a me ka' inikua kōkua, e hoʻonui i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka mea maʻamau lala.