Palmiticʻakika. Ka waiwai, i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, noi

Palmiticʻakika (kekahi inoa - hexadecanoic) - ka paʻa kūhohonu loa monocarboxylic (momoma)ʻakika. Ka loa, he pono ole ma ka ano. No ka mea manawa mua keia waiwai ua loaʻa i loko o nā lāʻau aila. Nā mea kemika a me ka paʻakai o kēiaʻakika i kapaia palmitate. He nui no na nā mea kemika o crystallinity, a e hoohalike ai mahuahua. Ka mea, i ka i kēia Nine Inch haʻilula: CH3 (CH2) 14COOH. A me kona empirical haʻilula mea: C16H32O2.

Loaa ia palmiticʻakika ma ke ano maoli

Kēia mea mea, e like me ka hapa o ka hapanui o na glycerides o nā mea kāhinu, o kaʻai kumu a me nā holoholona bipi kūpaluʻia. No ka laʻana, ka mea, mai nā 'soybean aila 6.5%, pama aila - 38-47%, lard - 30%. Eia hou kekahi, hexadecanoicʻakika mea he l & acirclâ 'o kekahi waxes: ma ka spermaceti he 90% sperm kohola hexadecanoicʻakika cetyl ester, a me ka beeswax ma kahi o 30% ee myristyl Etera wale no. Ma holoholona meaola palmiticʻakika o ka hopena huahana o momomaʻakika hoʻololi kemikala mai acetyl-CoA.

Ma ka palapala o hexadecanoicʻakika glyceride i loko o ka haku mele 'ana i ka lāʻauʻaila, heʻai momona Pākē a me ka' Amelika 'Ākau i ka hua a me ka Croton sebiferum Stillinga sebifera, anoano Rhus succedanea (he nahaehae), he mahuahua mirikonovom berry Myrica cerifera, ma ka lanolin. Ma ka noa noho palmiticʻakika ua loaʻa i loko o ka anoano o ka paprika ma ka hoopaapaa Lycopodium a cadaveric mahuahua (i ka papa kuhikuhiE hapa).

Helu waiwai o palmiticʻakika.

1. ano (ma lalo o maʻamau aku ana) - colorless nā pōaka.

2. Molar nuipa a ka 256, 43 g. / Mol.

3. ka pa apŘ He 0,841 g. / Cm³.

Thermal waiwai o palmiticʻakika.

1. Ka mahele heheʻe i ka mahana ua 62,9 ° C.

2. ka baila aʻela i wahi like me 105 ° C (ma ka 0,01 mmHg. V.) A 167 ° C (ma 1 mm o Hg, V.).

3. Flash lae like me 192 ° C.

4. Na molar wela nona iho (ma ka maʻamau rula) He 460 J / (Mol · K).

He aha nō ka Nine Inch waiwai o hexadecanoicʻakika?

1. Solubility i loko o ka wai, ua like ia 0.0007 (ma 20 ° C).

2. Solubility ma ethanol o 2600 (ma 7,2 ° C).

3. Palmiticʻakika mea moderately wailana ma ka benzene a me ka acetone.

'ōnohi waiwai o palmiticʻakika.

1. ka refractive inideka mea 1,4219.

Makaukau o palmiticʻakika

Kēia waiwai hiki ke loaa i loko o kekahi mau aoao:

1. Ma fractional crystallization a retifikatsii mai nā mea huihuina o momoma nāʻakika a i hoomakaukauiaʻi e saponification o ka mea momona a me paraffins'okesaside.

2. A cetyl ka waiʻona ma ka paio hahana maoli nō pu ia i ka paʻakai i ka 270 ° C (Dumas, a Stas).

C16H33OH (cetyl ka waiʻona) + O2 (oxygen) = C15H31COOH + h2 O (ka wai)

3. ma luna o ka heheʻe elaidic (oleicʻakika) me ka paʻakai hydroxide:

CH3 (CH2) 7CH (oleicʻakika) = Ch (CH2) 7SOON + H2O (ka wai) + O = C15H31COOH (palmiticʻakika haʻilula) + CH3COOH (aceticʻakika)

4. Ina ka nitricʻakika'okesaside o 2-oktodekanonom:

CH3 (CH2) 15-CO-CH3 + 3O (oxygen) = C15H31COOH (hexadecanoicʻakika) + CH3COOH (aceticʻakika)

5. A i kēia mea hiki ke synthesized ma ke ano o ka cyanide yodyura pentadecylic waiʻona:

C15H31J + KCN (cyano hui) = KJ + C15H31-CN;

C15H31-CN (cyano hui) + 2H2O (ka wai) = C15H31COOH (loko substance) + NH3

Where hoʻohana palmiticʻakika?

1. noonoo Hoʻokaʻaʻike mea hoʻohana ma o ka hana napalm stearin (he kūikawā läÿau, me ka stearicʻakika), opaque mea hoʻonani a me ka likeʻole detergents, plasticizers a me lubricants. Keʻano hana o keiaʻakika ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana o ka ihoiho.

2. pōhaku palmitate ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka ke keʻena o nā mele no ka palekana i ka ona a me ka wai (ka wai-repellency) o kaʻili, likeʻole fabrics, lāʻau, ole-aniani moakaka nā mea hoʻonani, a no makeup.

3. A, paʻakai palmitate, a hoʻohana 'ia i ke keʻena (he thickener) o ka' Ia a me ko ka hale ona soaps emulsifier oia hoi o ka mea hoʻonani hoomakaukau.

4. ka nele no ka meto palmitate palmiticʻakika a me kekahi o kona nā mea loaʻa, hexadecanol. Nō hoʻi, i kēia waiwai ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me flavoring nā no nå mea' ai.

5. mua alakai paakai hexadecanoicʻakika hoʻohana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau loʻi.