Pulmonary infarction: mea, lalau mai, lapaau a me ka hopena

Pulmonary infarction - he maʻi, kena ae la ia e thromboembolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka vascular'ōnaehana o na ia maʻiʻaʻai. He loa ka maʻi nui i loko o loa manawa e alakai i ka make hiki.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi

Maʻi e hoʻomōhala no ka mea, o ka meaʻoki kino, he malfunction o ka naau, iwi fractures, hikoko, postpartum, ma hope o hooloihi ae i moe koena. Ka mea i hana thrombus pani i ka lumen o ka moku, kūpono ma mahuahua puʻe i loko o ka pulmonary artery a me ka hemorrhage ia lŘlŘ ma akemāmā'aʻaʻa. Ma ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi e komo iloko koʻohune, e alakai i ka li nui.

Ka hooulu ana o pulmonary infarction

Huʻi pulmonary hypertension me ka mahuahua haawe ma ka naau akau paha e ku pono i ka obturation o ka moku lumen, vasoconstriction pili me ke kala o ka biologically hana waiwai, histamine, serotonin, thromboxane, a me pulmonary artery spasm reflex. Pela ka mea, he hemahema no o oxygen maholahune a me ka arterial hypoxemia i, i worsens ka ea puka o unoxidized koko ma intersystem a pulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses. Ka hooulu ana o pulmonary infarction ia lŘlŘ ku ei ke kāʻei kua o ka mua na congestion i loko o na aa koko. Day ma hope o obsturatsii akemāmā moku ua hana infarct ke hoʻokō 'ia kona ulu welau a ka hola 7 hola.

morbid'anatomia

E käkuhi pulmonary infarction i ke kinona o ka ole pyramid, o kona kumu, ua kuhikuhi ma ka periphery. Ka hoʻohuli ai i nā 'āpana i ia no ia wahi nui like' ole. Ma kekahi mau hihia hui e pleural effusion a infarction pneumonia. Ma lalo o ka microscope, ka loli akemāmā'aʻaʻa meaʻula ma ka waihoʻoluʻu a pau, ia mea ke kaumaha ana i ka nano, a ma luna o kaʻilikai o ka olakino'aʻaʻa. Ke pleura i hoopaa hoi, pōwehiwehi, pinepine i loko o ka pleural lua loli 'ohi i.

Pulmonary infarction: na symptoms maʻi

Hōʻike o ke kīnā a me ka oolea o ka maʻi hilinaʻi ma o ka nui, ka helu a me ka wahi o ka moku, thrombi paa hou mai la, a mai ka mea e hele pū ana mai ka naʻau a me ka akemāmā. Nā hana naʻau hoouka pinepine ka mea, haawi kokoke ole symptoms, a ua 'akomi i ka X-Ray. More haʻi myocardial hoikeia aku ai e kaʻeha i loko o ka pahu, pinepine i hana koke, dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis. More Pahuhopu anamanaʻo hōʻike kokololio ka lāʻau ikiʻai a me ka mai kuni. Of symptoms o ka naau ino i: bronchial hanu me rales a me crepitus, dullness. No hoi, he mau hiʻona e like me:

• haikea, pinepine ashen ili leo;

• bluish ihu, lehelehe, fingertips;

• hakumakuma ke koko;

• hanana o atrial fibrillation.

nui akemāmā artery lala pio ke kāhea pono ventricular ole, suffocation. I ke koko Ua 'akomi i leukocytosis, erythrocyte sedimentation uku (ESR) ua nunui hōʻeleu i.

lapaʻau '

Pinepine o kaʻike, paakiki lawa. He nui e kuhikuhi i ka maʻi, a hiki palena papaha complicate pulmonary infarction. Kēia pono i ka hoʻokolokolo pono ninaninau o ka hoʻomanawanui (oi emi lala). Ka wā o ka naʻau kaua, i kue i ka li nui o na ia maʻiʻaʻai, eha ma ka ʻaoʻao lŘlŘ mua kuni, a me ka ole, sputum me ke koko i mea akaka i ka nui eha ma konaʻaoʻao ma hope. ʻO kēia mau kiʻina hana e hoʻohana no kaʻike, o ka mea maʻi.

• X-Ray keia hookolokolo ana - e huai ae akemāmā aa? Anoe? Aiey a me ka deformation.

• ECG - no ka hoailona o ka overload o ka naau pololei.

• Echocardiography - i ho'ākāka 'symptoms o ka akau ventricular overload.

• Doppler ultrasound o ka laloʻaoʻao -ʻike, o ka hohonu aa koko thrombosis.

• Radioisotope kaʻimiʻana malamalama - no ka loaʻaʻana o ka hoemi wale i kaʻai akemāmā perfusion.

• Angiography - e hōʻike obstructive akemāmā artery lala, ke kūʻai '-arterial e hoopiha mai ana mā.

Pulmonary infarction: mea hoʻomaoe

Ka maʻi ana aole e hapai i ka hoʻoweliweli 'nui no kanaka ola. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ia i ka maʻi me pulmonary infarction, i ka hopena hiki e loa. Paha i ka hooulu ana o keʻano o nā complications. No ka laʻana, e like me postinfarction pneumonia, suppuration a me ka hoolaha aku i ke pleura li nui, pulmonary edema. Ma hope o ka naau kaua i ka pilikia nui o ka i purulent emboli (koko clot) i loko o ka ipu. Kēia, ma ka huli, e hookomo ana i ka purulent kaʻina hana a me ka paipai 'ia ka myocardial abscess ma ka paena. Pulmonary edema, myocardial infarction? Acaeoey?, Mua o nā mea a pau, a me ka emi ana ma ka contractile hiki ana o ka naau Muscle a me ke koko, oiai ka poʻe loohia lakou i loko o ka uuku kaiapili. Mai ke ka nui ana o ka naau i kela kulu koke, aia no he ulu no huʻi maʻi pale o ka poe liilii, ea puka, i ke kumu no loa hypoxia. Pela ka mea, lolo stimulation, hoʻokuʻu o biologically hana waiwai ka paepaeʻana i ka permeability o ka alveolar-capillaryʻili lahilahi, a me ka hoʻokāʻoi 'redistribution ana o ke koko i loko o ka pulmonary holo, mai ka mea nui. Pulmonary infarction prognosis hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka nń ku maʻi, i nā mea o ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi a me ka oolea o ka na hoikeana.

lapaau ana i ka maʻi

ka mua PAaIEN i pulmonary infarction ka wā kaʻimiʻana, lapaʻau e e hoʻoili koke. Ke hoomanawanui Ua koi me ka hikiwawe e loaa, e haawi aku i ka resuscitation Oihana o ka 'inikua kula. Iapaau ana hoʻomaka me ka dosing "Heparin", keia mea paahana 'aʻole e hoike mai i ka clot, akā, e ālai' ia 'o ka mea ulu o ka thrombus a me ka mea hiki ia ke wehe' ia i ka thrombotic kaʻina. Ka medicament "Heparin" hiki ke attenuate a bronchospastic platelet vasoconstrictor kanawai o ka histamine a me ka serotonin, a kokua i ka ho'ēmi i spasm pulmonary arterioles a me bronchioles. Heparin ua lawe mai no 7-10 lā, pela ka mea, nā kahu nānā i ka ho'ā 'hapa thromboplastin manawa (aPTT). Nō hoʻi, hoʻohana haʻahaʻa hakakino kaumaha heparin - dalteparin, enoxaparin, fraxiparine. I mea e hooluolu aku au i ka eha, emi ka haawe ana ma luna o ka pulmonary holo, ho'ēmi i dyspnea hoʻohana narcotic analgesics ka Agena "Morphine" (intravenously lawelawe 1 pakeneka pāʻoihana). Inā pulmonary infarction e hoʻonāukiuki eha pleural ano, i loli ai hanu, kino kulana, cough, ka mea, ua? aeiiaiaoaony i ka hoʻohana 'ole-narcotic analgesics, e like me "Analgin" (intravenous ka pahu kui o ka 50 pakeneka pāʻoihana). I ka diagnosing podzheludochkovoy insufficiency a no ka hana maikaʻi kŰia ka hoʻohana vasopressors (dopamine, dobutomin). Inā pono komo he bronchospasm (ma ka lewa puʻe) lohi intravenously 2.4 pakeneka aminophylline pāʻoihana. Inā e kūkulu i ka naau kaua - pneumonia, akemāmā, ka iapaau ana koi antibiotics. Laʻi hypotonia a me hypokinesia o ka ventricle akau Komo i ka hoʻohana 'ana o thrombolytic Luna ( "alteplase," "streptokinase"). Ma kekahi mau hihia, oe e hemahemaʻoki kino (thrombectomy). Ma awelika, e eliminated uuku infarcts no 8-12 lā.

maʻi Kāohi

E pale aku pulmonary infarction, ka mea, he mea e pono mua o nā mea a pau, e pale aku venous congestion i loko o nā wāwae (venous thrombosis o laloʻaoʻao). ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e lomilomi na lala i nā mea maʻi undergoingʻoki kino, myocardial infarction, hoʻohana laholio lole wili ma ka wawae. Ua Ua hoi pono e pale i ke ano o ka ai 'i ka hōʻoi' koko clotting, a, e kali i ka noi o ke ano o intravenous hooponopono o ka lapaʻauʻia. E like me ka hoike ana o ka hiki kuhikuhi, hoemi koko clotting. No ka mea Kāohiʻana o opportunistic nā mea palahēhē ua ia i ka papa o antibiotics. I mea e pale aku pulmonary hypertension, ka mea, ua pono i ka hana o ka "Eufillin" 'ana.