Rituals a me nā'ōuli, e pili ana i ka nahunahu hanau, e hana ino ia mai na wahine no na tausani o ka makahiki

Ka nahunahu hanau - mea he hanana i mau lala a pau o ka ohana o ka wahine hapai kali ana me ka pīhoihoi. Akā, ka mea, ua i mau. Ua piha o nā ike, a hoʻopoina loa moʻolelo o na wahine a me na keiki i hiki ole ola mahope aku i ka moolelo o ka nahunahu hanau. Pololei ole kulana o ke keiki, puerperal sepsis, a me ka stillborn keiki - ia mea wale nō i ka pili me ka mau nō lā hoʻi o ka kanaka lāhui mau ka pilikia.

Pinepine nui i kūlana ma ke kaʻina hana maoli o ka pāʻani oihana a me nā'ōuli,. He nui o ia mea i loko o ka hala,ʻoiai i loko o kekahi mau wahi o ke ao nei kanaka nō hana kuʻuna rituals, a pau i mamao loa mai ka 'epekema. I kēia mau lā mākou e haʻi aku 'oe e pili ana i ka hapa uuku wale no o ka moʻomeheu hoʻoilina o na lahuikanaka he nui.

Anglo-Sākona rituals

Na Anglo-Sākona hilinaʻi ma ka pule a me komohia auaneʻi, a i hooeueuia lakou e ko lakou pagan a me ka Karistiano oihana a me ka hilinaʻi. Hapai na wahine, no ka makau i ka pilikia hanau, lawe mai i ka helu o ka hoihoi 'rituals, i komo pū i ke komo o nā poe ola a me ka make. No ka laʻana, ka mea i hoʻoholo e heluhelu kūikawā pule maluna iho o ka lua o ka mea i make. Aia no hoi kekahi mau olelo e pono ke olelo aku nei au, hehi ma luna o kekahi o na kane hoahanau, i hookuu i ke kane. Inā he wahine ike i kona hāpai keiki mea pakele, ia ia e hele aku i ka ekalesia kūloko, a ma ke alo o ke kuahu, e aloha aku nei au o Iesu no ka mea.

Akā, aha ina mea i ole e holopono ana? Stillborn keiki, ua commonplace ma medievalʻEnelani, no laila, ua he kūikawāʻano hana, ke hoʻololi e hoʻopale ai i na kamalii uuku, ka poe i hanau i na wahine i loko o ka wā e hiki mai. I hiki hāpai keiki ka holomua, kaʻehaʻeha o makuwahine i, e lawe i ka lepo mai o ka lua kupapaʻu o kana keiki, wahi iho la ia ia i ka lole a me ka hulu hipa, e kuai aku i ka aina a hiki i ke kālepa. Maoli ai, keia hana ua pu ma kekahi kuikawa hoohalua.

Inā i ka wahine i hanau i ke ola i ke kamaiki ma ka pau ana o ka postnatal wā, ia ia e hele aku i ka ekalesia, pu ma nā mare wahine, i kona maka uhiia me me ka paku. Keʻano hana ana i ka wa a ka wahine kono hoʻi i loko o ka ekalesia kaiāulu ke kūloko kahuna.

e hoopaiia Women no Eve ka hewa

E like me ka Genesis, i nā wāhine a pau, e'Āhewa no kaʻeha ka mea, i ke hoomanawanui i ka hana. Ma ka Mea Paipala moʻolelo o Ewa e hoao ana o Adamu i ka'ōnohi o ka laau o ka ike, a hiki no nae ka mea, ua papaia mai ia e ke Akua. No laila, maoli, ke Akua hoʻopaʻi nā wāhine "poino o Ewa" a puʻe wale akula kēlā iā lākou, e waiho i kā lākou poʻe kāne i loko o na mea a pau.

Medieval English palekeiki i hali ana i ka hailona o komohia auaneʻi, kea laa, a me nā lau nahele ke hoʻololi e hoʻopale ai i ka wahine hānau keiki, a ua ike kupua i makemake ua hoemiia i ka ukana o ka poino o Ewa. A pau kēia mau rituals i hooluoluia mai ai e ka Roma Hui Church.

Ke Kalawina Reformation, a me kona hoʻowahāwahā no ka Hui hoomana ana, imi iho la e hoopau i mau dala, a i manao ai e hoʻolako i ka hooluolu ana o ka makuwahine ka hānau keiki. Eia naʻe, he nui malu hoʻomau i ka hana ia lakou i ka mea e hoomalu aku ia lakou iho, a me ka bebe.

Pliniy Starshy a me kona bizarre kōkua

I ka wā kahiko, i ka hanau ua he incredibly risky, a me ka nui o ka make o ka makuwahine a me nā keiki i koe'āina kiʻekiʻe. 'Aʻole surprisingly, he nui ua ho'āʻo e loaʻa kekahi mea a aʻo i nā mea huna i ke kōkua i kēia kaʻina. Ma ka mea mua kenekulia AD, Pliniy Starshy kaumaha aku i ka puu o ka malihini a me ka pinepine hoʻopailua kālā i i manao iho e kōkua hoʻoneʻe i na hihia o ka nahunahu hanau.

He aha e noho ana i kona mau koi? No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua i ka manao, e kau mai i kona lima akau wāwae aku hyena ma kona'ōpū makuwahine, e kōkua i ke keiki e hānau e. Ma keia hihia, oe e ole e hoʻohana i ka uha hema, no laila, pehea hiki pepehi ia kekahi wahine. Akā, aha, ināʻoe e ole kokoke i ke hyenas? Ma na hoopii, Pliny waiho e puku ia me ka wāwae aku hulu'ā'ī paha ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka nahesaʻili. Inā ka hanau ua pakahi aku la ia paʻakikī, Pliny i ka manao, e kau ma luna o ka wahine o ka'ūhā hou ilio placenta. Ua ua no hoi i manaoia e hoomakaukau analgesic potion, i ua haku o ka litter e lūlū kāwili pūʻia me ka meli, ka waina, Oie semen paʻipaʻiʻia me ka wai a me ka loli o ka uterus ferret. Whereʻohana o ka wahine i ka ua i ka huli a pau o kēia mau eiiiiiaiou, Pliny i i hoomaopopo.

Ironically, Pliny i nā kōkua i ua pomaikai iwaena o na wahine i hānau. No ke aha? I loko nō a pau ka germs a pau i loko o kēia mau nā mea huihuina, kā lākou hoʻohana hiki expectant makuwahine, e pale aku dehydration, e like me ke kālele ana ma luna o ka lalau malama o ko lākou ola, e like me ka rula, me ka haalele i ka hale.

Elixirs a me potions, e hooluolu aku au i ka nahunahu hanau

Pliny uaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole ka mea wale akamai i loko o ke kula o ka hana, a paipai na wahine, e lawe i kekahiʻano o potions a me elixirs. Ka Pākē, no kekahi laʻana, e höʻike aku ka eha i hānau hoʻohana opiuma a me ka waiʻona, oiai na ko Aigupita kahiko hoʻomaʻamaʻa hanu ae la a hua pisetakia wela.

Ma Europa, i ka Middle Ages, ka palekeiki hoʻohana i ka "mea laʻa a" ideas o likeʻole elixirs, a pinepine pū mulled ka waina paha, a pia. Ia mau mea i hoʻohana ole wale i ka haawi ia iho, akā, i loko o ka postpartum au, a hohola aʻela i ka mahina. Mau ideas Ua hoʻohana 'ia a hiki i ke kualapa waena XIX kenekulia.

I ka MH 1853, Koroleva Viktoriya Koi ikaika ma ka hoʻohana 'ana o chloroform i ka hanau ana o kona walu keiki. Penei, ka mea, ua hoʻolauna i ka welelau o, e hoʻohana i kēia mea o ka hoʻopōʻino controversial elele o ke keena papa. Chloroform ua kaulana ma obstetrics a hiki i ka hopena o ka Apana World War.

Ka nahunahu hanau ma ka Makamua Aigupita

O ka holo ana, mai ka mua kenekulia AD, he nui na wahine hoʻohana i ka "naauao" aʻo o Pliny ka hiapo, akā, i ka mea e pili ana i hapai wahine, mai oi kahiko maikai ana?

I ka wä kahiko Aigupita, hamoʻia wahine opu me ka läÿau, o ka ke kinemona a me ka pia, e induce ka nahunahu hanau a me ka hope - ka waiūpaka, a ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka sayings iʻa, e hoʻoulu lactation. Eia hou, ua laweʻia ka mea, 'āinana apau i akua, a goddesses.

Ka nahunahu hanau ma Makamua India, a China

I ka wa kahiko India a me Kina, ka mea i manaoio ia ina i hoopuniia me ka mea maikai i ka wahine hapai, ka mea e i ka nani pēpē. Hapai wahine i ka manao e komo ai pipiʻi aahu, ai onoʻai, e oe, a hoolohe i ka mele. No ka hapai wahine, a hiki i hoʻonohonoho 'ia kūikawā' aha mele, eia nae ka mea, i ole e waiho i hele mamao aku mai kona home.

Ka nahunahu hanau i kahiko Greece

Ka manao wale no o na wahine o keia au i ka mare, a me ka hanau ana o ke keiki. Owai la ka mea makemake e i kane keiki, akā, i ka hopena o ke kaikamahine kaukaʻi ma luna o ka makua o ka olelo hooholo:ʻo ia ke haʻalele i ke keiki i loko o ka 'ohana, a me ka haʻalele ia, a haʻalele i kekahi wahi ma ka lokomaikai o nā kanaka. Eia hou kekahi, ka mea i manaoio aku i ka wahine o ka uterus hikiʻaeʻa ana ma ke kino, e kauoha ana inexplicable malaise, i nā mea wale nō e a ua he hāpai keiki. Ma ka hana, e relegated i ke kūlana OE wahine, e like me ka mea i manaoio aku i ke keiki mńlie, mai ka opu mai ma kā lākou mau hana. E pale i ka make "ino maka", he kamaiki i kahikoia me komohia auaneʻi i ka uliuli lei a hiki kālika.

lechopyra

Puerperal sepsis, a puerperal kuni, he wahine e loaa ana no na tausani o ka makahiki. 'O kēia kekahi o nā loa paha kumu o ka make pili me ka hānau. Ka maʻi hoike mai ai ia ia iho i nā lāʻekolu ma hope o ka hānau a me ka mea e loli i nā mea a pau, o ka poe waiwai a me ka poe ilihune. No ka laʻana, mai postpartum sepsis make punahele wahine Dzheyn Seymur Henry VIII. Nā symptoms o keia pohihihi maʻi mea kiʻekiʻe wela, excruciating eha, ke kāʻili 'ana, Mania, a me ia mea kokoke mau ona.

A hiki i ka waena o ka XIX ke kenekulia, kauka i ike i ke kumu puerperal kuni. Ua Ua ea ae ka mea e'āhewa wale i ka li nui, kena ae la ma ka hāpai keiki. E hoola i ka wahine i hoʻohana bloodletting.

Ano, ua ike ia puerperal kuni mea he mea koʻohune maʻiʻaʻai i ka pū i hiki, i lana ai, ma poorly disinfected lima pale keiki a me na kumu, ka poe e lawe mau hanau i ka lā.